学年高中英语Module5GreatPeopleandGreatInventionsofAncientChina模块综合测评外研版必修3.docx
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学年高中英语Module5GreatPeopleandGreatInventionsofAncientChina模块综合测评外研版必修3
模块综合测评
Ⅰ.阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
A
CharlesBabbagewasbornin1791inBritain.Hewasinpoorhealthinhisyouthsohehadtobeeducatedathome.Hismotherworriedabouthishealthandshewasadvisedthatheshouldnotbetaughttoomuch.However,theboyshowedanearlyinterestinmathematicsandworkedhardatit.LaterhewasacceptedbyCambridgeUniversity.
Babbagebegantoworkonasmalldifferenceengine（差分机）in1819,whichinaveryshortperiodoftimecouldworkoutmathematicaltablesbyitself.Hereleaseditin1822.In1827hebecameaprofessorofmathematicsandbeganhislifelongworkoncomputingmachines.Heworkedselflessly.Asamatteroffact,heoftenspenthisownmoneyonhisinvention.In1834，heinventedtheAnalyticalMachinewhichistheprototype（原型）ofacomputer.Thiswasagreatachievement.Hedevotedalotofwealthandenergytohisinvention,butheneverproducedarealcomputer.Finallyin1871hediedpeacefully.However,hisprinciplesarestillthoseonwhichmoderncomputersarebuilt.Asaresult,heisrememberedasthe“grandfatherofcomputing”．
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了计算机之父Babbage的故事：
他自小身体不好，但酷爱数学，在家自学并被剑桥大学录取。
此后他任数学教授，并把他的毕生精力都投入到发明创造上。
1．Wecanlearnfromthepassagethat________.
A．Babbagegrewupinapoorfamily
B．Babbage'smotherwasateacher
C．Babbagewasadmittedtoauniversity
D．Babbage'steachersdislikedhim
【解析】 细节理解题。
根据第一段最后一句“LaterhewasacceptedbyCambridgeUniversity.”可知，Babbage被剑桥大学录取。
故C项正确，其他各项文中均未提及。
【答案】 C
2．HowlongdidCharlesBabbageworkonthedifferenceengine?
A．Threeyears. BFiveyears.
C．Eightyears.D．Fifteenyears.
【解析】 推理判断题。
根据第二段第一句“Babbagebegantoworkonasmalldifferenceengine（差分机）in1819”和第二句“Hereleaseditin1882”可推知，研究差分机的工作他进行了三年。
故A项正确。
【答案】 A
3．Thewritermentionsthefact“heoftenspenthisownmoneyonhisinvention”toshowthat________.
A．theinventionneededalotofmoney
B．itwashardtoinventacomputer
C．nobodysupportedBabbageatthattime
D．Babbagedevotedalottotheinvention
【解析】 推理判断题。
根据第二段倒数第四句“Hedevotedalotofwealthandenergytohisinvention...”可知，他为创造发明奉献了许多。
故D项正确。
【答案】 D
4．Paragraph2ismainlyabout________.
A．Baggage'spersonallife
B．Baggage'sachievement
C．howBaggageinventedthecomputer
D．howcomputercameintobeing
【解析】 段落大意题。
根据本段最后一句“...heisrememberedasthe‘grandfatherofcomputing’”和倒数第五句“Thiswasagreatachievement.”可知，本段主要介绍了他的成就。
故B项正确。
【答案】 B
B
IhaveoftenbeenconsideredstrangewhenItellpeoplethatIwanttobeawriter,becauseformostpeople,oratleastteenagersinmygeographiclocation,seewritingasadifficulty.ThereasonwhyIwanttobeawriteristhatwritinggivesmethepowertocreateworldsandpeopleoutofnothing.Wecancreateapictureinafewminuteswithourminds.Wehavethepowertoinfluenceothers,evenpeoplewe'venevermet!
Ihavealwayswonderedifitisthesamethingthatdrivesme,asawriter,aswhatdrivesvideogamecreatorsordirectors.Weareallcreatingsomethingoutofnothing.Thethingthatissoamazingaboutwritersisthatwecreatesomethingoutoftoolsthatdon'tcostmorethanadollar（apieceofpaperandapencil）．Forwritersitisallinourhead.Ourwonderfulbrainisourtool.
Somepeoplehavethissimplewayofwritingthatcansweepusoffourfeet.Thosewhohavethisgiftoftendonotseethebeautyinit.Itissadreally.Writingissuchabasicelement（元素）inoursocietythatmanytakeadvantagesofitanddon'trealizeitsgreatness.Ittakessomeonefromtheinsidetounderstandandadmiretheartofputtingwordstogethertoformasentence;itsoundssosimpleandyetthereissomuchmoretoitthanmeetstheeye.
Beingawriterisawonderfulthing―somethingthatisgiftedtoallofuswhohavetheabilitytoformsentencesonpaper.Beingagoodwriterorevengreatwriteristhehardpart.Oh!
Anddon'tevengetmestartedonbeingapublishedwriter.
5．Whydomostpeoplethink“I”tobestrangewhenhearing“Iwanttobeawriter”？
A．Becausetheyconsiderwritingasadifficulty.
B．Becausewritingisn'tpopularwiththelocals.
C．Becausewritersareverycrazyandstrange.
D．Becausepeoplecan'tmakemoneybywriting.
【解析】 细节理解题。
根据第一段中的“...becauseformostpeople...seewritingasadifficulty.”可知，答案为A项。
【答案】 A
6．Forthewriter,whatisthemostimportanttoolforwriting?
A．Apencil.B．Wonderfulbrain.
C．Apieceofpaper.D．Acomputer.
【解析】 推理判断题。
根据第二段中的“Forwritersitisallinourhead.Ourwonderfulbrainisourtool，”可知，答案为B项。
【答案】 B
7．Inwhichpartofawebsitemaythepassageappear?
A．Entertainment. B．Hobby.
C．Life.D．Education.
【解析】 推理判断题。
根据第一段首句中的“...ItellpeoplethatIwanttobeawriter...”可知，该篇文章所讲述的内容是有关爱好的。
故选B项。
【答案】 A
8．Whichisthebestpossibletitleofthepassage?
A．BeingawriterB．Astrangeperson
C．AcheapcareerD．Ourwonderfulbrain
【解析】 主旨大意题，全文讲述了作者想要把写作作为自己事业的原因。
故选A项。
【答案】 A
C
Theearthistheonlyplanetthatscientiststhinkhaslife.Whydoestheearthhavelifewhiletheo
therplanetsdon't?
Foronething,theearthisjusttherighttemperature.Asthe_third_planetfromthesun，theearthseemstobejusttherightdistanceaway.Theplanetswhichareclosertothesunaresohotthattheirsurfacesbake（烘烤）inthesun.Thefarthestplanetsarecoldballs.
Whentheearthdeveloped—whichscientistsbelievemayhavehappenedabout4billionyearsago—manygasescoveredtheearth.Thegasescausedtheearthtobehot.Butsomethingwonderfulhappened.Thetemperaturewasjustrightforthickcloudstoform.Itrainedveryhardforaverylongtime.Thisgavetheearthitsoceans.Watermadeitpossibleforplantstogrow.Theplantscreatedoxygenintheatmosphere.Oxygenisthegasthathumansandanimalsbreathe.
Onlyoneotherplanetinthesolarsystemseemstobesomethingliketheearth.ThatplanetisMars（火星）．Marsissmallerthantheearth，anditisquiteabitcooler.Butitisnottoocoldforhumans.Onsomedays,thetemperaturesareaslowasawinterdayinthenorthernUnitedStates.Ifyouworeaspecialspacesuit,youcouldwalkaroundonMars.Youwouldhavetobringyourownairtobreathe，becausetheaironMarsistoothintobreathe.
Marshasthelargestvolcano（火山）inthesolarsystem.Itissixteenmileshigh.Thehighestvolcanoontheearthisfivemileshigh.Themostunexpected（未预料到的）sightonMarsisdriedupriverbeds.ScientistsbelievethatMarswasoncemuchbetterthanitisnow.DoesthismeantherecouldhavebeenlivingthingsonMars?
Scientistsarenotsure,buttherehasbeennosignsofar.
【语篇解读】 文章介绍了地球存在生命的原因以及火星的情况。
9．WhichofthefollowingisNOTthereasonthattheearthhaslife?
A．Theearthisjusttherighttemperature.
B．ThevolcanosontheeartharelowerthanthoseonMars.
C．Thereisoxygenintheatmosphereoftheearth.
D．Theearthseemstobejusttherightdistanceawayfromthesun.
【解析】 细节理解题。
文中提到地球是可证实的唯一有生命存在的太阳系行星，其原因包括地球温度合适、距太阳距离适中和大气里含有氧气等。
B项火山与此无关。
【答案】 B
10．Theunderlinedphrase“thethirdplanet”inthefirstparagraphrefersto________.
A．theSunB．theMoon
C．theEarthD．theMars
【解析】 词义猜测题。
根据第一段中内容可知距离太阳第三远的行星指的是地球。
【答案】 C
11．WhichofthefollowingabouttheMarsisNOTtrue?
A．TherecouldhavebeenlivingthingsonMars.
B．Marshasthelargestvolcanointhesolarsystem.
C．ThereisalmostnooxygenintheaironMars.
D．Marsissmallerthantheearth，anditisquiteabitcooler.
【解析】 细节理解题。
文章最后一段提到火星上有干涸的河床的迹象，但这一点并不能证实火星上存在生命，因为还没有生命迹象，故A项不正确。
其他三项都与文章相符。
【答案】 A
D
（2016·北京高考）
CaliforniaCondor'sShockingRecovery
CaliforniacondorCaliforniacondorsareNorthAmerica'slargestbirds,withwinglengthofupto3meters.Inthe1980s,electricallinesandleadpoisoning（铅中毒）nearlydrovethemtodyingout.Now,electricshocktrainingandmedicaltreatmentarehelpingtorescuethesebigbirds.
Inthelate1980s,thelastfewcondorsweretakenfromthewildtobebred（繁殖）．Since1992,therehavebeenmultiplereintroductionstothewild,andtherearenowmorethan150flyingoverCaliforniaandnearbyArizona，UtahandBajainMexico.
Electricallineshavebeenkillingthemoff.“Astheygointorestforthenight,theyjustdon'tseethepowerlines，”saysBruceRideoutofSanDiegoZoo.Theirwingscanbridgethegapbetweenlines,resultinginelectrocution（电死）iftheytouchtwolinesatonce.
Soscientistshavecomeupwithashockingidea.Tallpoles，placedinlargetrainingareas，teachthebirdstostayclearofelectricallinesbygivingthemapainfulbutundeadlyelectricshock.Beforethetrainingwasintroduced,66%ofsetfreebirdsdiedofelectrocution.Thishasnowdroppedto18%.
Leadpoisoninghasprovedmoredifficulttodealwith.Whencondorseatdeadbodiesofotheranimalscontaininglead，theyabsorblargequantitiesoflead.Thisaffectstheirnervoussystemsandabilitytoproducebabybirds,andcanleadtokidney（肾）failureanddeath.SocondorswithhighlevelsofleadaresenttoLosAngelesZoo,wheretheyaretreatedwithcalciumEDTA,achemicalthatremovesleadfromthebloodoverseveraldays.Thisworkisstartingtopayoff.Theannualdeathrateforadultcondorshasdroppedfrom38%in2000to5.4%in2011.
Rideout'steamthinksthattheCaliforniacondors'averagesurvivaltimeinthewildisnowjustundereightyears.“Althoughthesemeasuresarenoteffectiveforever,theyarevitalfornow，”hesays.“Theyaretrulygoodbirdsthatarewortheveryeffortweputintorecoveringthem.”
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。
美国加利福尼亚秃鹰由于触电和铅中毒而濒临灭绝，研究人员采取了一些办法来挽救秃鹰，从而使这一种群渐渐恢复了生机。
12．Californiacondorsattractresearchers'interestbecausethey________.
A．areactiveatnight
B．hadtobebredinthewild
C．arefoundonlyinCalifornia
D．almostdiedoutinthe1980s
【解析】 推理判断题。
根据第一、二段内容可知，20世纪80年代，由于触电和铅中毒，加利福尼亚州的秃鹰濒临灭绝，20世纪80年代末，仅剩的几只秃鹰从野外被带回繁
升级会员 