医学检验士考试考题.docx

医学检验士考试考题.docx

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医学检验士考试考题

2013年医学检验士考试考题

1（下列何种情况干扰血清总蛋白的双缩脲法测定

A（血清呈乳糜状

B（高血糖

C（高血钾

D（高血钠

E（高血钙

答案:

A

2（ELISA中最常用的固相载体是A（聚氯乙烯

B（聚苯乙烯

C（三聚氧胺

D（琼脂糖

E（尼龙膜

答案:

B

3（下列哪种情况使血液黏度增高A（红细胞比积明显降低

B（红细胞比积明显增高

C（纤维蛋白原减低

D（温度增高

E（红细胞数量减少

答案:

B

4（可使粪便化学法隐血试验出现假阴性的物质是

A（铁剂

B（铋剂

C（维生素C

D（动物血

E（食物鱼肉

答案:

C

5（出血时间正常可见于

A（因子?

缺乏症

B（血小板计数明显减少

C（血小板功能异常

D（血管性血友病

E（药物影响（如阿司匹林）答案:

A

6（诊断慢性淋巴细胞白血病的主要依据是

A（WBC增高，达（30,100）×109/LB（幼淋巴细胞显著增多，>30%C（骨髓粒系及红系细胞均明显减少D（PH染色体阴性

E（骨髓淋巴细胞系高度增生，以成熟小淋巴细胞为主，占有核细胞50%以上，原始及幼稚淋

巴细胞少见

答案:

E

7（骨髓增生极度活跃最多见的疾病是A（缺铁性贫血

B（慢性粒细胞白血病

C（溶血性贫血

appearanceoftheweldappearancequalitytechnicalrequirementsoftheprojectmustnothaveamoltenmetalstreamdoesnotmeltthebasemetaltoweld,weldseamandheat-affectedzonesurfacemustnothavecracks,pores,defectssuchascraterandash,surfacesmoothing,weldandbasemetalshouldbeevenlysmoothtransition.Width2-3mmfromtheedgeofweldGroove.Surfacereinforcementshouldbelessthanorequalto1+0.2timestheslopeedgewidth,andshouldnotbegreaterthan4mm.Depthofundercutshouldbelessthanorequalto0.5mm,totallengthoftheweldsonbothsidesundercutnotexceed10%oftheweldlength,andlongcontinuousshouldnotbegreaterthan100mm.Wrongsideshouldbelessthanorat0.2T,andshouldnotbegreaterthan2mm（wallthicknessmmt）incompleteornotallow7.57.5.1installationqualityprocessstandardsoftheelectricalenclosureCabinetsurfaceisclean,neat,nosignificantphenomenonofconvex,closetonature,closethedoor.7.5.2CabinetCabinetfacepaintsnopaint,returnedtorusted,consistentcolor.7.5.3uniformindirectgapfromtoptobottom,slotwidth<1.5mm7.5.4adjacentCabinetsurfaceroughnessis0.7.5.5thecabinetsfirmlyfixed,craftsbeautiful.7.5.6Cabinetsurfacegauge,switchcabinetmarkclear,neat,firmpaste.7.5.7Terminalrowofneat,isreliable,theappearanceiscleanandnotdamaged.7.5.8cablesneatandclean,solidbinding,bindingprocessinappearance.7.5.9thefirstcableproductionfirm,craftsbeautiful,clearsignagedoesnotfade.7.5.10fireproofpluggingtight,nocracksandpores.7.67.6.1ofthestandardelectricalwiringqualitytechnologycablea,themulti-corewirebuncharrangementshouldbeparalleltoeachother,horizontalwireharnessorwireshouldbeperpendiculartothelongitudinalmulti-corewirebunch.Thedistancebetweenthewireharnessandwireharnesssymmetry,andascloseaspossible.B-corewiringharnessintoround,multi-corewirebunchusedgwirebinding,fastening

D（失血性贫血

E（急性白血病

答案:

B

8（下列哪个是血细胞分析仪首先抗凝剂A（枸橼酸钠

B（EDTA-k2

C（肝素

D（草酸盐

E（EDTA-Na2

答案:

B

9（下列关于瑞氏染色的叙述，正确的是A（瑞氏染色的最适pH值为6,7B（瑞氏染料中含酸性染料美蓝和碱性染料伊红C（染液配制后可立即使用

D（染色时间不受室温影响

E（缓冲液pH偏高，血涂片颜色会偏蓝答案:

E

10（不属于血细胞分析仪红细胞参数的是A（HGB

B（RDW

C（MPV

D（Hct

E（MCH

答案:

C

11（某病人外周血细胞计数值为10×109/L，但在分类时计数100个WBC时，见到25个有核

RBC，则白细胞计数的真值为

A（4×109/L

B（8×109/L

C（10×109/L

D（12.5×109/L

E（15×109/L

答案:

B

12（下列是有关嗜酸性粒细胞直接计数稀释液作用的正确叙述，但除外

A（破坏红细胞

B（使嗜酸性粒细胞分布均匀

C（保护嗜酸性粒细胞

D（使嗜酸性粒细胞着色

E（破坏大部分其他白细胞

答案:

B

13（外周血白细胞计数仪包括

A（贮备池的白细胞

B（循环池的白细胞

C（成熟池的白细胞

D（边缘池的白细胞

E（分裂池的白细胞

答案:

B

14（粪便中找到何种细胞，有助于诊断细菌性痢疾

A（中性粒细胞

appearanceoftheweldappearancequalitytechnicalrequirementsoftheprojectmustnothaveamoltenmetalstreamdoesnotmeltthebasemetaltoweld,weldseamandheat-affectedzonesurfacemustnothavecracks,pores,defectssuchascraterandash,surfacesmoothing,weldandbasemetalshouldbeevenlysmoothtransition.Width2-3mmfromtheedgeofweldGroove.Surfacereinforcementshouldbelessthanorequalto1+0.2timestheslopeedgewidth,andshouldnotbegreaterthan4mm.Depthofundercutshouldbelessthanorequalto0.5mm,totallengthoftheweldsonbothsidesundercutnotexceed10%oftheweldlength,andlongcontinuousshouldnotbegreaterthan100mm.Wrongsideshouldbelessthanorat0.2T,andshouldnotbegreaterthan2mm（wallthicknessmmt）incompleteornotallow7.57.5.1installationqualityprocessstandardsoftheelectricalenclosureCabinetsurfaceisclean,neat,nosignificantphenomenonofconvex,closetonature,closethedoor.7.5.2CabinetCabinetfacepaintsnopaint,returnedtorusted,consistentcolor.7.5.3uniformindirectgapfromtoptobottom,slotwidth<1.5mm7.5.4adjacentCabinetsurfaceroughnessis0.7.5.5thecabinetsfirmlyfixed,craftsbeautiful.7.5.6Cabinetsurfacegauge,switchcabinetmarkclear,neat,firmpaste.7.5.7Terminalrowofneat,isreliable,theappearanceiscleanandnotdamaged.7.5.8cablesneatandclean,solidbinding,bindingprocessinappearance.7.5.9thefirstcableproductionfirm,craftsbeautiful,clearsignagedoesnotfade.7.5.10fireproofpluggingtight,nocracksandpores.7.67.6.1ofthestandardelectricalwiringqualitytechnologycablea,themulti-corewirebuncharrangementshouldbeparalleltoeachother,horizontalwireharnessorwireshouldbeperpendiculartothelongitudinalmulti-corewirebunch.Thedistancebetweenthewireharnessandwireharnesssymmetry,andascloseaspossible.B-corewiringharnessintoround,multi-corewirebunchusedgwirebinding,fastening

B（淋巴细胞

C（肠上皮细胞

D（巨噬细胞

E（红细胞

答案:

D

15（粪便中最小的寄生虫卵是

A（钩虫卵

B（蛔虫卵

C（鞭虫卵

D（肺吸虫卵

E（华枝睾吸虫卵

答案:

E

16（有关尿红细胞形态的叙述，以下错误的是A（可用来鉴别血尿的来源

B（均一性红细胞多见于非肾小球源性疾病C（可呈酵母菌状

D（非肾小球源性血尿多为变形红细胞E（肾小球源性血尿多为变形红细胞答案:

D

17（下列不属于正常人尿液检查结果的是A（RBC0,1/HP

B（WBC1,3/HP

C（透明管型偶见/HP

D（颗粒管型0,1/HP

E（尿糖

（一）

答案:

D

18（常用作尿液有形成分检验的防腐剂是A（浓盐水

B（冰醋酸

C（甲苯

D（甲醛

E（二甲苯

答案:

D

19（室间质评样本的检测

A（实验室必须在最佳条件下检测室间质评样本B（实验室必须与其测试病人样本一样的方式来检测室间质评样本

C（实验室必须在重新维护仪器后检测室间质评样本

D（实验室必须在重新校准后检测室间质评样本E（实验室必须在常规仪器上进行多次测定室间质评样本

答案:

B

20（下列哪种疾病可引起血沉减慢A（真性红细胞增多症

B（心肌梗死

C（动脉粥样硬化

D（肺结核

E（风湿热

答案:

A

21（最常用的真菌培养基是

appearanceoftheweldappearancequalitytechnicalrequirementsoftheprojectmustnothaveamoltenmetalstreamdoesnotmeltthebasemetaltoweld,weldseamandheat-affectedzonesurfacemustnothavecracks,pores,defectssuchascraterandash,surfacesmoothing,weldandbasemetalshouldbeevenlysmoothtransition.Width2-3mmfromtheedgeofweldGroove.Surfacereinforcementshouldbelessthanorequalto1+0.2timestheslopeedgewidth,andshouldnotbegreaterthan4mm.Depthofundercutshouldbelessthanorequalto0.5mm,totallengthoftheweldsonbothsidesundercutnotexceed10%oftheweldlength,andlongcontinuousshouldnotbegreaterthan100mm.Wrongsideshouldbelessthanorat0.2T,andshouldnotbegreaterthan2mm（wallthicknessmmt）incompleteornotallow7.57.5.1installationqualityprocessstandardsoftheelectricalenclosureCabinetsurfaceisclean,neat,nosignificantphenomenonofconvex,closetonature,closethedoor.7.5.2CabinetCabinetfacepaintsnopaint,returnedtorusted,consistentcolor.7.5.3uniformindirectgapfromtoptobottom,slotwidth<1.5mm7.5.4adjacentCabinetsurfaceroughnessis0.7.5.5thecabinetsfirmlyfixed,craftsbeautiful.7.5.6Cabinetsurfacegauge,switchcabinetmarkclear,neat,firmpaste.7.5.7Terminalrowofneat,isreliable,theappearanceiscleanandnotdamaged.7.5.8cablesneatandclean,solidbinding,bindingprocessinappearance.7.5.9thefirstcableproductionfirm,craftsbeautiful,clearsignagedoesnotfade.7.5.10fireproofpluggingtight,nocracksandpores.7.67.6.1ofthestandardelectricalwiringqualitytechnologycablea,themulti-corewirebuncharrangementshouldbeparalleltoeachother,horizontalwireharnessorwireshouldbeperpendiculartothelongitudinalmulti-corewirebunch.Thedistancebetweenthewireharnessandwireharnesssymmetry,andascloseaspossible.B-corewiringharnessintoround,multi-corewirebunchusedgwirebinding,fastening

A（沙保弱琼脂培养基

B（玉米-吐温80培养基C（血琼脂

D（SS琼脂

E（普通营养琼脂

答案:

A

22（静脉采血时止血带压迫时间过长可引起

A（白细胞分类值异常

B（血沉增快

C（使某些凝血因子活性增高D（红细胞计数值偏低

E（红细胞形态改变

答案:

C

23（不属于成分输血优点的是A（可提高疗效

B（减少输血反应

C（血液使用更合理

D（可节省血源

E（避免输血传播疾病

答案:

E

24（革兰染色的基本步骤包括A（初染

B（媒染

C（脱色

D（复染

E（以上都是

答案:

E

25（血琼脂平板是

A（选择性培养基

B（基础培养基

C（营养培养基

D（特殊培养基

E（鉴定培养基

答案:

C

一、单选题

由1个题干和5个选项组成，题干在前，选项在后。

每道题只有1个正确选项，其余均

为干扰选项。

1.姓娠后期血中高浓度的雌激素和孕激素来自

A.肾上腺皮质

B.卵泡

C.妊娠黄体

D.胎盘

E.卵巢

二、共用题干单选题

题干为一个病例摘要，并据此提出2,6个相互独立的问题，以考查考生对所学知识和技

能的简单应用能力。

每个问题只有1个正确选项，其余为干扰选项。

例题:

患者男，40岁。

1年来进行性心慌气短，腹胀，下肢浮肿。

体格检查:

一般情况

appearanceoftheweldappearancequalitytechnicalrequirementsoftheprojectmustnothaveamoltenmetalstreamdoesnotmeltthebasemetaltoweld,weldseamandheat-affectedzonesurfacemustnothavecracks,pores,defectssuchascraterandash,surfacesmoothing,weldandbasemetalshouldbeevenlysmoothtransition.Width2-3mmfromtheedgeofweldGroove.Surfacereinforcementshouldbelessthanorequalto1+0.2timestheslopeedgewidth,andshouldnotbegreaterthan4mm.Depthofundercutshouldbelessthanorequalto0.5mm,totallengthoftheweldsonbothsidesundercutnotexceed10%oftheweldlength,andlongcontinuousshouldnotbegreaterthan100mm.Wrongsideshouldbelessthanorat0.2T,andshouldnotbegreaterthan2mm（wallthicknessmmt）incompleteornotallow7.57.5.1installationqualityprocessstandardsoftheelectricalenclosureCabinetsurfaceisclean,neat,nosignificantphenomenonofconvex,closetonature,closethedoor.7.5.2CabinetCabinetfacepaintsnopaint,returnedtorusted,consistentcolor.7.5.3uniformindirectgapfromtoptobottom,slotwidth<1.5mm7.5.4adjacentCabinetsurfaceroughnessis0.7.5.5thecabinetsfirmlyfixed,craftsbeautiful.7.5.6Cabinetsurfacegauge,switchcabinetmarkclear,neat,firmpaste.7.5.7Terminalrowofneat,isreliable,theappearanceisclean