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考研英语2真题doc
2019年考研英语
（2）真题
SectionIUseofEnglish
Directions:
Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword（s）foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDontheANSWERSHEET.（10points）
Weighingyourselfregularlyisawonderfulwaytostayawareofanysignificantweightfluctuations.1,whendonetoooften,thishabitcansometimeshurtmorethanit2.
Asforme,weighingmyselfeverydaycausedmetoshiftmyfocusfrombeinggenerallyhealthyandphysicallyactivetofocusing3onthescale.Thatwashadtomyoverallfitnessgoats.Ihadgainedweightintheformofmusclemass,butthinkingonlyof4thenumberonthescale,Ialteredmytrainingprogram.ThatconflictedwithhowIneededtotrainto5mygoals.
Ialsofoundthatweighingmyselfdailydidnotprovideanaccurate6ofthehardworkandprogressIwasmakinginthegym.Ittakesaboutthreeweekstoamonthtonoticeanysignificantchangesinyourweight7alteringyourtrainingprogram.Themost8changeswillbeobservedinskilllevel,strengthandincheslost.
1
Forthese9,Istoppedweighingmyselfeverydayandswitchedtoabimonthlyweighingschedule10.Sinceweightlossisnotmygoal,itislessimportantformeto11myweighteachweek.
Weighingeveryotherweekallowsmetoobserveand12anysignificantweightchanges.ThattellsmewhetherIneedto13mytrainingprogram.
Iusemybimonthlyweigh-in14togetinformationaboutmynutritionaswell.Ifmytrainingintensityremainsthesame,but
I’mconstantly15androppingdweight,thisisa16thatIneedto
increasemydailycaloricintake.
The17tostopweighingmyselfeverydayhasdonewondersfor
myoverallhealth,fitnessandwell-being.I’mexperiencing
increasedzealforworkingoutsinceInolongercarrytheburden
ofa18morningweigh-in.I’vealsoexperiencedgreatersuccess
inachievingmyspecificfitnessgoals,19I’mtrainingaccord
tothosegoals,notthenumbersonascale.
Ratherthan20overthescale,turnyourfocustohowyoulook,feelhowyourclothesfitandyouroverallenergylevel.
1.[A]Besides[B]Therefore[C]Otherwise[D]However
2.[A]helps[B]cares[C]warns[D]reduces
3.[A]initially[B]solely[C]occasionally[D]formally
4.[A]recording[B]lowering[C]explaining[D]accepting
2
5.[A]modify
[B]set
[C]review
[D]reach
6.[A]definition
[B]depiction
[C]distribution
[D]prediction
7.[A]dueto
[B]regardlessof
[C]asidefrom
[D]alongwith
8.[A]orderly
[B]rigid
[C][D]immediate
9.[A]claims
[B]judgments
[C]reasons
[D]methods
10.[A]instead
[B]though
[C]again
[D]indeed
11.[A]track
[B]overlook
[C]conceal
[D]report
12.[A]dependon
[B]approveof
[C]holdonto[D]accountfor
13.[A]share
[B]adjust
[C]confirm
[D]prepare
14.[A]results
[B]features
[C]rules
[D]tests
15.[A]bored
[B]anxious
[C]hungry
[D]sick
16.[A]principle
[B]secret
[C]belief
[D]sign
17.[A]request
[B]necessity
[C]decision
[D]wish
18.[A]disappointing[B]surprising[C]restricting[D]consuming
19.[A]ifbecause[B]unless[C]until[D]consuming
20.[A]obsessing[B]dominating[C]puzzling[D]triumphing
SectionIIReadingComprehension
PartA
Directions:
Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.Markyouranswersonthe
3
ANSWERSHEET.（40points）
Text1
Unlikeso-calledbasicemotionssuchassadness,fear,andanger,
guiltemergesalittlelater,inconjunctionwithachild
’
graspofsocialandmoralnorms.Childrenaren
’tbornknowing
howtosay“I’sorrym”rather,;theylearnovertimethatsuch
statementsappeaseparentsandfriends—andtheir
own
consciences.Thisiswhyresearchersgenerallyregardso-called
moralguilt,intherightamount,tobeagoodthing.
Inthepopularimagination,ofcourse,guiltstillgetsabadrap.It
isdeeply
uncomfortable—it’thesemotional
equivalent
of
wearingajacketweightedwithstones.Yetthisunderstandingis
outdated.
“Therehasbeenakindofrevivalorarethinkingabout
whatguiltisandwhatroleguiltcanserve,
”says,AmrishaVa
apsychologyresearcherattheUniversityofVirginia,adding
thatthisrevivalis
partofalargerrecognition
that
emotions
aren’tbinaryfeelings—thatmaybeadvantageousinonecontext
maybeharmfulin
another.Jealousyandanger,for
example,
mayhave
evolved
toalertustoimportant
inequalities.
Too
muchhappinesscanbedestructive.
Andguilt,
bypromptingustothinkmore
deeply
about
our
4
goodness,canencouragehumanstomakeupforerrorsandfixrelationships.Guilt,inotherwords,canhelpholdacooperativespeciestogether.Itisakindofsocialglue.
Viewedinthislight,guiltisanopportunity.WorkbyTinaMalti,
apsychologyprofessorattheUniversityofToronto,suggeststhatguiltmaycompensateforanemotionaldeficiency.Inanumberofstudies,Maltiandothershaveshownthatguiltandsympathymayrepresentdifferentpathwaystocooperationandsharing.Somekidswhoarelowinsympathymaymakeupfor
thatshortfallbyexperiencingmoreguilt,whichcanreinintheirnastierimpulses.Andviceversa:
Highsympathycansubstituteforlowguilt.
Ina2014study,forexample,Maltilookedat244children.
Usingcaregiverassessmentsandthechildren-observation’s,elf
sheratedeachchild’overallssympathylevelandhisorhertendencytofeelnegativeemotionsaftermoraltransgressions.Thenthekidswerehandedchocolatecoins,andgivenachancetosharethemwithananonymouschild.Forthelow-sympathykids,howmuchtheysharedappearedtoturnonhowinclinedtheyweretofeelguilty.Theguilt-proneonessharedmore,even
thoughtheyhadnmagically’tbecomemoresympathetictothe
otherchild’sdeprivation.
5
“That’sgoodnews,”Maltisays.“Wecanbeprosocialbecause
wecausedharmandwefeelregret.”
21.Researchersthinkthatguiltcanbeagoodthingbecauseitmayhelp______.
A）regulateachild'sbasicemotions
B）improveachild'sintellectualability
C）fosterachild’smoraldevelopment
D）intensityachild'spositivefeelings
22.Accordingtoparagraph2,manypeoplestillconsiderguilttobe______.
A）deceptive
B）burdensome
C）addictive
D）deception
23.Vaishholdthattherethinkingaboutguiltcomesfromanawarenessthat______.
A）emotionsarecontext-independent
B）emotionsaresociallyconstructive
C）emotionalstabilitycanbenefithealth
D）anemotioncanplayopposingroles
24.Maltiandothershaveshownthatcooperationandsharing_______.
6
A.mayhelpcorrectemotionaldeficiencies
B.canresultfromeithersympathyorguilt
C.canbringaboutemotionalsatisfaction
D.maybetheoutcomeofimpulsiveacts
25.Theword“transgressions”（Line4,Para.5）isclosestinmeaningto_______.
A.teachings
B.discussions
C.restrictions
D.wrongdoings
Text2
Forestsgiveusshade,quietandoneofthelardercallengesinthefightagainstclimatechange.Evenaswehumanscountonforeststosoakupagoodshareofthecarbondioxideweproduce,wearethreateningtheirabilitytodoso.Theclimatechangewearehasteningcouldonedayleaveuswithforeststhatemitmorecarbonthantheyabsorb.
Thankfully,thereisawayoutofthistrap-butitinvolvesstriking
asubtlebalance.Helpingforestsflourishasvaluable“carbonsinks”longintothefuturemayrequirereducingtheircapacitytoabsorbcarbonnow.Californiaisleadingtheway,asitdoeson
7
somanyclimateefforts,infiguringoutthedetails.
Thestate’sproposedForestCarbonPlanaimstodoubleeffortstothinoutyoungtreesandclearbrushinpartsoftheforest.Thistemporarilylowerscarbon-carryingcapacity.Buttheremaining
treesdraw
agreatershareofthe
availablemoisture,sothey
growandthrive,restoringtheforest
’capacitystopull
carbon
fromtheair.Healthytreesarealsobetterabletofendoffinsects.
Thelandscapeisrenderedlesseasily
burnable.Even
in
the
eventofafine,fewertreesareconsumed.
Theneedforsuchplanningisincreasinglyurgent.Already,since
2010,droughtandinsectshavekilledover100milliontreesin
California,
mostof
themin2016
alone,andwildfires
have
burnedhundredsofthousandsofacres.
Californiaplanstotreat35,000acresofforestayearby2020,
and60,000by2030-
financedfromtheproceedsofthestate
’s
emissions-permitauctions.That
’sonlyasmallshareofthetotal
acreagethatcouldbenefit,abouthalfamillionacresinall,soitwillbevitaltoprioritizeareasatgreatestriskoffireordrought.Thestrategyalsoaimstoensurethatcarboninwoodymaterialremovedfromtheforestsislockedawayintheformofsolidlumberorburnedasbiofuelinvehiclesthatwouldotherwiserunonfossilfuels.Newresearchontransportationbiofuelsis
8
alreadyunderway.
Stategovernmentsarewellaccustomedtomanagingforests,but
traditionally
they’vefocusedon
wildlife,
watershedsand
opportunities
for
recreation.Only
recently
havethey
cometo
seethevital
part
forestswill
haveto
play
instoring
carbon.
California
plan,’s
whichis
expected
tobefinalized
bythe
governornextyear,shouldserveasamodel.
26.Bysaying“oneoftheharderchallenges,the”authorimpliesthat_______.
A.globalclimatechangemaygetoutofcontrol
B.peoplemaymisunderstandglobalwarming
C.extremeweatherconditionsmayarise
D.forestsmaybecomeapotentialthreat
27.Tomaintainforestsasv
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