不规则动词过去式过去分词.docx
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不规则动词过去式过去分词
新目标英语初中不规则动词过去式和过去分词表
*am
was
been
是
*are
were
been
是
awake
awoke
awoke
唤醒
bear
bore
born
忍受
beat
beat
beaten
打,敲打
become
became
become
成为,变成
*begin
began
begun
开始
bet
bet
bet
打赌
blow
blew
blown
吹
break
broke
broken
打坏,打破
*bring
brought
brought
带来
*build
built
built
建筑,建设
burn
burnt
burnt
燃烧
*buy
bought
bought
买
catch
caught
caught
揪住,抓住
*can
could
能,会
choose
chose
chosen
选择
*come
came
came
来
cost
cost
cost
花费
cut
cut
cut
砍,切
*do
did
done
做
*does
did
done
做
dream
dreamed/dreamt
dreamed/dreamt
做梦
*drink
drank
drunk
喝
drive
drove
driven
驾驶,开车
*eat
ate
eaten
吃
fall
fell
fallen
落下,跌倒
feed
fed
fed
喂养
feel
felt
felt
感觉
fight
fought
fought
打架
*find
found
found
发现,找到
fly
flew
flown
飞行
forget
forgot
forgotten/forgot
忘记
freeze
froze
frozen
结冰
*get
got
got/gotten
得到
*give
gave
given
给予
*go
went
gone
走,去
grow
grew
grown
成长,种植
hang
hung/hanged
hung/hanged
吊,悬挂
*have
had
had
有
*has
had
had
有
hear
heard
heard
听见
hit
hit
hit
打,击
hold
held
held
举办,容纳
hurt
hurt
hurt
伤害
keep
kept
kept
保持,喂养
*know
knew
known
知道,了解
lay
laid
laid
下蛋,平躺
*learn
learnt/learnt
learnt
学习
*leave
left
left
离开,留下
lend
lent
lent
借给
*let
let
let
让
*lie
lay
lain
躺下
*lose
lost
lost
丢失
*make
made
made
制造,制作
mean
meant
meant
意思是,意味着
*meet
met
met
遇见
*may
might
可以
mistake
mistook
mistaken
犯错
must
must
必须
pay
paid
paid
付钱,赔偿
*put
put
put
挂
*read
read
read
读
ride
rode
ridden
骑,乘
ring
rang
rung
(钟/铃)响,鸣
rise
rose
risen
升起
*run
ran
run
跑
*say
said
said
说
*see
saw
seen
看见
*sell
sold
sold
卖
*send
sent
sent
寄,送;派
set
set
set
安装
shake
shook
shaken
摇动,摆动
shall
should
将
shine
shone/shined
shone/shined
照耀
*show
showed
shown/showed
显示
shut
shut
shut
关
sing
sang
sung
唱
sink
sank
sunk
下沉
*sit
sat
sat
坐
*sleep
slept
slept
睡
smell
smelt
smelt
嗅
*speak
spoke
spoken
说
spell
spelt
spelt
拼读,拼写
*spend
spent
spent
花费,度过
spill
spilt
split
溅,洒
spit
spat
spat
吐痰
spoil
spoilt
spoilt
糟蹋
*stand
stood
stood
站
steal
stole
stolen
偷
sweep
swept
swept
打扫
*swim
swam
swum
游泳
*take
took
took
带去,花费,乘
*teach
taught
taught
教
*tell
told
told
告诉
*think
thought
thought
想,思考
throw
threw
thrown
扔,投,掷
understand
understood
understood
明白
wake
woke/waked
woken/waked
醒
*wear
wore
worn
穿戴
win
won
won
获胜
*write
wrote
written
写
*will
would
将,愿
I.一般过去时的概念
①一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。
常和表示过去的时间状语连用。
如:
lastyear(week,Monday…),…ago,yesterday,amomentago,justnow,in19..等。
例如:
Shewasinateachertwoyearsago.她两年前是个教师。
Isawhiminthestreetyesterday.昨天我在街上看见他了。
②也可表示过去经常反复发生的动作,常和often,always等频率副词连用。
例如:
Healwaysaskedquestionswhenhewasyoung.当他年轻时他总爱问问题。
③当表示动作时,谓语动词使用过去式(一般加ed或见不规则动词表);当表示状态时,谓语动词用was,were。
II.一般过去时的构成
(1)规则动词过去式的构成有四条规则:
①一般在动词原形末尾直接加上-ed。
如:
look-looked,watch-watched。
②以不发音的字母e结尾的动词,加-d。
如:
live-lived,like-liked。
③末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节,先双写这个辅音字母,再加-ed。
如:
stop-stopped,shop-shopped。
④末尾是辅音字母+y结尾的动词,先变y为i,然后再加-ed。
如:
study-studied,carry-carried。
(2)不规则动词的过去式需特殊记忆。
如:
am(is)-was,are-were,go-went,come-came,take-took,have(has)-had等。
III.一般过去时的几种句型
肯定句结构为:
①主语+was/were+其它。
如:
TheywereinShanghaiin2000.2000年的时候他们在上海。
②主语+动词的过去式+其它。
如:
Hewenttothebookstoreyesterday.他昨天去书店了。
否定句结构为:
1主语+was/werenot(wasn’t/weren’t)+其它。
如:
MyfatherwasnotathomelastSunday.上个星期天我爸爸不在家。
②主语+didnot(didn't)+动词原形+其它。
如:
Shedidn'tcometoschoolthismorning.她今天没来学校。
一般疑问句及其肯定、否定回答为:
①Was/Were+主语+其它?
如:
Wasitcoldlastwinter?
Yes,itwas./No,itwasn’t.去年冬天冷吗?
②Did+主语+动词原形+其它?
如:
DidyougotoBeijinglastweek?
Yes,wedid.(No,wedidn't.)去年你们去北京吗?
特殊疑问句的构成为:
疑问词+did+主语+动词原形+其它?
如:
Whatdidyoudolastnight?
Ididmyhomework.
Ⅳ.规则动词过去式的读音也有规律可循。
请记住:
清后[t],元,浊[d],t,d之后读[id]。
①清辅音[p][k][f][s][][t]等后,ed要读[t]。
如:
worked,finished。
②元音或浊辅音[b][g][v][z][m]等后,ed要读[d]。
如:
lived,called。
③t或d后,ed读[id]。
如:
started,needed。
般过去式构成:
表示一般过去式的动词通常用动词的过去式形式来表示,而动词的过去式是在动词原形的基础上变化的。
动词的过去式可分为规则动词和不规则动词。
规则动词的过去式变化如下:
一般情况下,动词词尾加-ed,如:
workedplayedwantedacted
以不发音的-e结尾动词,动词词尾加-d,如:
livedmoveddecideddeclinedhopedjudgedraisedwiped
以辅音字母+y结尾的动词,把-y变为-i再加-ed,如:
studiedtriedcopiedjustifiedcriedcarriedembodiedemptied
以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节动词,双写词尾辅音字母,再加-ed,如:
stoppedbeggedfretteddraggeddroppedplanneddotteddripped注:
不规则动词的过去式变化规律性不强,须多加记忆。
go-wentmake-made