湖南长沙市中考英语真题专题汇编及详细答案翻译.docx

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湖南长沙市中考英语真题专题汇编及详细答案翻译.docx

湖南长沙市中考英语真题专题汇编及详细答案翻译

翻译

一.填空题(共4小题)

1.(2016•长沙)ReadinganEnglishnewspaperisagoodwaytoimproveastudent'slanguageability.AstherearemanyusefulandcommonwordsinanEnglishnewspaper,itmayhelpstudentsincreasetheirvocabulary(词汇量)aswellasimprovetheirreadingskills.(66)他们可以从报纸上学到新的知识.ButwhatistheproperwaytoreadanEnglishnewspaper?

Dostudentsneedtolookoverallthecontent(内容)ofthenewspaper?

Thefirststepistochoosearightnewspaperwithgoodlanguage.Thenturntothefrontpageandreadtheheadlines(标题)toknowwhathashappened.Asthemostimportantthingsareputonthefrontpage,it'seasytofindoutwhatyou'reinterestedinandthenturntothepagetoreaditcompletely.(67)Thereisnoneedtogothroughallthearticles.

Secondly,readnewspaperseveryday.Rememberwordsthroughcontext(上下文),inwhichthesewordsmayappearrepeatedly.(68)Oncetheyappearseveraltimes,youwillrememberthemeasily.Don'tlookupeveryunknownwordinyourdictionary.Youcantrytoguessthemeaningbetweensentences.(69)如果你的猜测错了,不要放弃.Keepreading,andyouwillbecomefamiliarwiththewordsafterreadingthemseveraltimesindifferenttexts.

ReadingEnglishnewspapersmakesusknowledgeable.(70)Itcannotonlyhelpusknowwhatishappeningintheworldbutalsoimproveourlanguage.

66. Theycanlearnnewknowledgefromnewspapers 

67. 没有必要浏览所有的文章 

68. 一旦这些词出现多次,你就能轻而易举地记住它们了 

69. Ifyourguessiswrong,don'tgiveup 

70. 读英语报纸不仅能帮助我们了解时事,而且还能提高我们的语言水平 .

【解答】66.Theycanlearnnewknowledgefromnewspapers,考察英汉互译,分析汉语句子含义,学习新知识是learningnewknowledge,而从报纸上是学习的途径和方法,可以用from来表示,由此确定填写Theycanlearnnewknowledgefromnewspapers.

67.没有必要浏览所有的文章.考察英汉互译,固定句式Thereisnoneedtodosth译为没有必要做某事,gothrough译为浏览,在此指浏览所有文章,由此确定答案为"没有必要浏览所有的文章"

68.一旦这些词出现多次,你就能轻而易举地记住它们了.考察英汉互译,分析句子结构,once在此译为一旦,用来引导条件状语从句,在从句中,they指代前面一句出现的thesewords,由此确定此句可翻译为一旦这些词汇出现很多次;后面一句是此条件背后引发的结果,动词为remember,译为记住,而副词easily用来修饰remember表示容易记住,由此确定此题答案为"一旦这些词出现多次,你就能轻而易举地记住它们了".

69.Ifyourguessiswrong,don'tgiveup.考察英汉互译,分析句子结构,如果你的猜测错了应该是条件状语从句,由于后句中用到的将来时(will),所以此处应该用一般现在时表示将来,对于后句部分直译为不要放弃,可以用don't引导的祈使句,放弃为giveup,由此确定填写"Ifyourguessiswrong,don'tgiveup."

70.读英语报纸不仅能帮助我们了解时事,而且还能提高我们的语言水平.考察英汉互译,分析句子结构,用到的句型为notnoly…butalso,译为不仅…还…此处it指代上文ReadingEnglishnewspapers,译为读英语报纸;helpsbdosth译为帮助某人做某事,whatishappeningintheworld在此为宾语从句,表明知道的内容,那就是知道世界发生的事情,由此确定填写"读英语报纸不仅能帮助我们了解时事,而且还能提高我们的语言水平"

2.(2013•长沙)Australiaisthegreatestislandintheworld.(71)澳大利亚比中国小一点.

Australiaisbig,buttherearefewerpeoplethere.Thepopulation(人口)ofAustraliaissmallerthanthatofShanghai,acityofChina.

(72)Australiaisinthesouthoftheearth.Sowhenitishotsummerinourcountry,Australiawillbecoldwinter.TheseasonsinAustraliaandinChinaarejustopposite(相反的).SummerinAustraliaisfromDecembertoFebruary,andwinterisfromJulytoAugust.(73)Whenit'sspringinChina,itwillbeautumninAustralia.

(74)澳大利亚因绵羊和袋鼠而著名.TheyarebothpopularinAustralia.

(75)Youcanseekangaroos(袋鼠)notonlyinzoosbutalsooutsidethecitiesandtowns.Therearetensheepforeveryoneinthecountry.SopeoplecallAustralia"Thecountryonthebacksofsheep".Afterashortdrivefromanytown,youwillfindyourselfinthemiddleofwhitesheep.Sheep,sheep,sheep,sheepareeverywhere.

Haveyouseenakangaroo?

Ithasa"bag"onitsbody.Themotherkangarookeepsitsbabykangaroosinthe"bag".It'sverystrange,isn'tit?

71. AustraliaisalittlesmallerthanChina 

72. 澳大利亚在地球的南部 

73. 当中国是春季时,澳大利亚是秋季 

74. Australiaisfamousforsheepandkangaroos 

75. 你不但在动物园可以看到袋鼠,而且在城,镇以外的地方可以看到袋鼠 .

【解答】71.AustraliaisalittlesmallerthanChina.汉译英:

根据句意可知是比较状语从句,alittlesmaller小一点;than比.所以本句翻译成:

AustraliaisalittlesmallerthanChina.

72.澳大利亚在地球的南部.英译汉:

根据inthesouthof在…的南部;be动词是is;theearth地球.所以本句汉语意思为:

澳大利亚在地球的南部.

73.当中国是春季时,澳大利亚是秋季.英译汉:

根据when连词,当…时候,引导时间状语从句;willbe将是,一般将来时态.所以本句汉语意思为:

当中国是春季时,澳大利亚将是秋季.

74.Australiaisfamousforsheepandkangaroos.汉译英:

根据befamousfor因…而著名;sheepandkangaroos绵羊和袋鼠.所以本句翻译成:

Australiaisfamousforsheepandkangaroos.

75.你不但在动物园可以看到袋鼠,而且在城,镇以外的地方可以看到袋鼠.英译汉:

notonly…butalso…不但…而且…;outsidethecitiesandtowns在城市与城镇以外.所以本句汉语意思为:

你不但在动物园可以看到袋鼠,而且在城市与城镇以外的地方也可以看到袋鼠.

3.(2012•长沙)Intheanimalworld,colorisveryimportanttonature'sanimals,birdsandinsects(昆虫).Oftenitcansavetheirlives.

Natureisbeautifulandwecanseeitsbeautyeverywhere.(71)自然界色彩丰富.Plants,animals,birdsandinsectshavemanybeautifulcolors.Color,however,foranimals,birdsandinsectsisnotonlybeauty.Itmeanslifetothembecauseithelpsthemhidefromotherdangerousanimals.

(72)Somebirdsusetheircolorstotellotherbirdstostayawayfromtheir"houses"onthetree.Theysingandmovetheirwingstoshowtheircolorsasamessagetootherbirds.

(73)Onekindofbutterflyisorangeandblack,Birdsdonotlikeeatingthembecausetheyhaveabadtaste.Onceabirdeatsthiskindofbutterfly,itremembersthebadtaste.Afterthat,itwillnevereatanotherorangeandblackbutterfly.

Somemoths(飞蛾)usecolorstomakebirdsafraidofthem.Abirdcanrememberthecolorsormarksonthemoth'sbody.Thebirdseesthecolorsorthemarksanddoesn'teatthemoth.

Onekindoffishcanchangeitscolor.(74)这颜色与海洋植物的颜色相同.Otherfishcan'tseeit.

Ofcourse,thechameleon(变色龙)isthemostfamousbecausehecanchangehisbodyashewalksfromatreeontogreenplane(75)Youcanseehimturngreenasyouwatch.

(71) Natureisfullofcolors. 

(72) 一些鸟用它们的颜色警告其它鸟不要靠近它们在树上的窝. 

(73) 有一种蝴蝶,橙色与黑色相间. 

(74) Thecoloristhesameastheseaplants. 

(75) 当你观察的时候,你会看着他变成绿色. .

【解答】71.答案:

Natureisfullofcolors.汉译英.原句可以用befullof"充满…"表达,主语"自然界"Nature,不可数名词,表示客观事实用一般现在时态,因此用be动词单数is."色彩"colors复数形式.答案是Natureisfullofcolors.

72.答案:

一些鸟用它们的颜色警告其它鸟不要靠近它们在树上的窝.英译汉.这是一个陈述句,主语"Somebirds"一些鸟.usesthtodosth使用某物做某事.theircolors"它们的颜色",tellsbtodosth"告诉某人做某事",不定式to后用动词原形tell.otherbirds其它鸟.stayawayfrom远离.不定式to后用动词原形stay.theirhouses它们的房子.onthetree在树上.地点状语.答案是一些鸟用它们的颜色警告其它鸟不要靠近它们在树上的窝.

73.答案:

有一种蝴蝶,橙色与黑色相间.英译汉.onekindof"一种…",后跟名词butterfly蝴蝶.谓语动词用单数is是.orangeandblack橙色和黑色,形容词,系表结构.答案是有一种蝴蝶,橙色与黑色相间.

74.答案:

Thecoloristhesameastheseaplants.汉译英.主语"这颜色"thecolor.bethesameas与…相同.主语是不可数名词,一般现在时态,因此用be动词单数is."海洋植物"theseaplants.答案是Thecoloristhesameastheseaplants.

75.答案:

当你观察的时候,你会看着他变成绿色.英译汉.这是as"当…时候"引导的时间状语从句.强调主句和从句中的动作同时发生,主句主语you你,情态动词can后跟动词原形see看到.seesbdosth看到某人做完某事.him代指变色龙.turngreen变绿色.从句主语you你,watch观看.答案是当你观察的时候,你会看着他变成绿色.

4.(2011•长沙)翻译语篇阅读下面的短文,将划线部分译成英文或中文.

"Ifhedoesn'tcallme,I'mgoingtodie!

"

That'saprettynormalfeeling.Itmeansyouare"inlove"﹣kindof.It'spuppylove(早恋,初恋),notreallove﹣nottruelove,yet.

Puppyloveiscommonamongstudentsallovertheworld.IntheWest,peoplethinkpuppyloveisahealthypartofateenager'slife.(71) 在中国,父母和老师们认为这是个问题 InChina,parentsandteachersthinkitisaproblem.

Puppyloveisbeautiful.It'scooltolovesomeone,orbelovedbysomeoneelseinsteadofyourmotheroryourdog.Itcanmakeyouabetterperson.(72) 你会懂得怎样用爱去帮助他人. Youwillknowhowtouseyourlovetohelpotherpeople.

Ifyoufindyourself"inlove",it'sOK,but…wait!

(73) Nowyouhavealotofimportantthingstodo. 现在你有许多重要的事情要做.Thinkofthesequestions:

Willyoustilllovehimorhertenyearslater?

Doyouhaveenougheducationtofindagoodjobandliveahappylifewiththepersonyouloveinthefuture?

Whatwouldyoudoifyoufoundsomeonebetterthanhimorher?

Ibet(打赌)youarenotsureoftheseanswers.Why?

(74) Becauseyouaretooyoungtounderstandtruelove. 因为你太小还不懂真爱.

(75) 当你长大时,真爱就会来临. Truelovewillcomewhenyougrowup.Now,youshouldtrytobethebestpersonyoucanbe,anddotheverybestyoucan.Thatmeansdoingwellatschoolandbeingagoodsonordaughterfirst.

【解答】71.在中国,父母和老师们认为这是个问题.英译汉题.inChina表示在中国的含义,parentsandteachers表示父母和老师的含义,think后是省略了that的宾语从句,aproblem表示的含义为一个问题,故本句可翻译为在中国,父母和老师认为它是个问题.

72.你会懂得怎样用爱去帮助他人.英译汉题.willknow表示将会知道的含义,疑问词+todo作为know的宾语,useyourlove表示使用的爱的含义,tohelpothers表示去帮助别人的含义,动词不定式作目的状语.故本句可翻译为你将会懂得如何用你的爱来帮助别人

73.Nowyouhavealotofimportantthingstodo.汉译英题.表达客观事实用一般现在时,alotofimportantthings表示许多重要事情的含义,后使用动词不定式todo作为后置定语,故本句可翻译为Nowyouhavealotofimportantthingstodo.

74.Becauseyouaretooyoungtounderstandtruelove.汉译英题.表达客观事实用一般现在时,because表示原因,意思为因为,too…to表示太…而不能的含义,understandtruelove表示明白真爱的含义,故本句可翻译为Becauseyouaretooyoungtounderstandtruelove.

75.当你长大时,真爱就会来临.英译汉题.when引导时间状语从句,表示当…时候的意思,growup表示长大的含义,truelove表示真爱的含义,时态遵循主将从现.故本句可翻译为当你长大了真爱就会到来.

二.阅读理解(共3小题)

5.(2015•长沙)Whataremagicwords?

Wordslike‘thankyou',‘please'and‘sorry'canworkwondersinourdailylife.ThesepoliteexpressionsareusedeverydayinAmerican﹣amongstrangers,betweenfriendsorwithfamily.(66)Peoplewithgoodmannersalwayscommunicatewithotherswellbyusingthesemagicwords.

Whatshouldyoudowhenyoureceiveagiftforyourbirthday?

(67)你最好坐下来写一封感谢信.(68)Thewords‘thankyou'areveryimportantandusedveryoften.Wesaythemwhensomeonehandsusaletter,passesusabook,offersusadrinks,orlendsusanumbrella.

‘Please'isanotherimportantword,butmanypeopleforgettouseit.Itisnotpolitetoasksomeoneforhelpwithoutsaying‘please'.(69)Wearesupposedtouseitwhenweaskforsomething,too.Itmaybeabook,apen,ormoremilk.Itmaybeintheclassroom,athome,oratthebusstop.Wecanuse‘please'tomakearequest(请求)pleasant.

(70)我们也应该学会说‘对不起'.Ifwehavehurtsomeone'sfeeling,wewillhavetosay‘sorry'.Whenwehavetoldalieandregretit,thesamewordshouldbeused.Sometimeswehaveforgottensomethingorbrokenapromise,soweneedtoexplainwiththewordasabeginning.‘sorry'issuchawordthatcanmakepeopleforgetwrongs.

‘Thankyou!

Please!

Sorry!

'﹣thesewordsaresimplebutuseful.Mansaidthemlongago.Weusethemnow.Sowillourk

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