学术英语单词汇总.docx

学术英语单词汇总.docx

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学术英语单词汇总

TEXT一

debate>>adiscussioninwhichreasonsareadvancedforandagainstsomepropositionorproposal.

somewhat>>toasmalldegreeorextent.

eliminate>>completelygetridofsomethingthatisunnecessaryorunwanted.

valid>>（computing）thatisacceptedbythesystem.

access>>therighttoobtainormakeuseoftakeadvantageofsomething.

temporary>>notpermanent;notlasting.

inherent>>existingasanessentialconstituentorcharacteristic.

application>>apieceofcomputersoftwarethatisdesignedtodoaparticularjob.

available>>obtainableoraccessibleandreadyforuseorservice

utilize>>putintoservice

TEXT二.

snatch>>graborseizequickly.

trinity>>groupofthreethingsorpeople.

commodity>>aproductthatisboughtandsold.

devious>>roundaboutnotstraightforward.

trick>>somethingdoneinordertodeceivesomebody.

standstill>>stoporhalt.

menace>>someoneorsomethingthatisdangerous.

specimen>>somethingtakenasanexampleofitsgroup.

contaminate>>pollute

multiply>>increaseinnumberorquantity

TEXT三

category>>agroupofpeopleorthingsthatallhavethesameparticularqualities.

premises>>thebuildingandlandthatashop,company,etc.uses.

generic>>aproductthatdoesnothaveatrademark.

infrastructure>>basicfacilitieswhichfunctionascommunicationandpowersuppliesandsoon.

telecommute>>wokeforacompanyathomeusingacomputerconnectedtothemainoffice.

database>>alargeamountofdatestoredinacomputersystemsothatyoucanfindanduseiteasily.

configure>>arrangesomething,especiallycomputerequipment,sothatitworkswithotherequipment.

backup>>makeacopyofinformationonyourcomputer.

abstraction>>ageneralideaaboutatypeofathingoraperson

allocation>>theamountorshareofsomethingthatisgiventosomeoneorusedforaparticularpurpose

TEXT四.

interactivity>>thestateofhavinganeffectoneachother.

subscription>>anamountofmoneypaidregularlytoobtainservice.

offline>>notconnectedtotheInternet

downtime>>timewhenacomputerisnotworking.

architecture>>thestructureofacomputersystemandthewayitworks.

virtualization>>thecreationofavirtual（ratherthanactual）versionofsomething,suchasanoperatingsystem,aserver,astoragedeviceornetworkresources.

executable>>canbecarriedout

diagram>>asimpledrawingwhichconsistsmainlyoflinesandusedtoexplainhowamachineworks.

equation>>amathematicalstatementsayingthattwoamountsorvaluesarethesame

paradigm>>amodelforsomethingthatexplainsitorshowshowitcanbe

TEXT五.

biomedical>>relatingtotheactivitiesandapplicationsofsciencetoclinicalmedicine.

shrinkage>>processorresultofbecominglessorsmaller.

superfluous>>morethanisneeded,desired,orrequired.

unemploy>>layoff.

craftsman>>acreatorofgreatskillinthemanualarts.

moan>>agroanoranutteranceexpressingpainordisapproval.

entertainer>>apersonwhotriestopleaseoramuse.

manufacture>>theactofmakingsomething（aproduct）fromrawmaterials.

dispossessed>>physicallyorspirituallyhomelessordeprivedofsecurity

deskill>>removeorreducetheneedforskillinajob,usuallybychangingtomachinery

TEXT六

strategy>>anelaborateandsystematicplanofaction.

flaw>>animperfectioninanobjectorweaknessinaperson’scharacter

diversify>>putmoneyintoseveraldifferenttypesofinvestmentinsteadofonlyoneortwo.

initial>>occurringatthebeginning.

ultimate>>happeningattheendofaprocessoractivity.

alter>>causetochange.

equilibrium>>abalancebetweenseveraldifferentinfluences.

enhance>>makesomethingbetterormoreattractive.

renege>>failtofulfillapromiseorobligation0.

appropriate>>suitableforaparticularpersonorplaceorcondition

TEXT七

modify>>causetochangemakedifferent.

immutable>>neverchanging.

exotic>>fromanotherplaceorpartoftheworld

arena>>thepeopleandactivitiesinvolvedwithaparticular.

empirical>>derivedfromexperimentandobservationratherthantheory.

remnant>>asmallpartorportionthatremainsafterthemainpartnolongerexists.

anticipate>>makeapredictionaboutexpect.

envision>>imagine;conceiveof;seeinone’smind.

prevailing>>prevalent,popular

prophetic>>foretellingeventsasifbysupernaturalintervention

TEXT八

dedicate>>giveallyourattentionandefforttooneparticularthing.

devour>>eatupgreedily.

assemble>>bringorcalltogetherintoagrouporwhole.

application>>aspecificusetowhichsomethingisput.

eventually>>attheveryendfinally.

complementary>>formingasatisfactoryorbalancedwhole.

speculation>>asupposition,theory,oropinionarrivedatthroughspeculating.

diminish>>decreaseinsize,extent,orrange.

immediate>>ofthenearthepresenttime

atomic>>oforrelatingtoanatomoratoms

TEXT九

devastation>>damageordestructionaffectingalargeareaoralotofpeople.

abundant>>presentingreatquantity.

simulate>>makeorproducesomethingthatisnotrealbuthastheappearanceoffeelingofbeingreal.

brutality>>thetraitofextremecruelty.

dramatically>>greatlyandsuddenly.

fossil>>theremain（oranimpression）ofaplantoranimalthatexistedinapastgeologicalageandthathasbeenexcavatedfromthesoil.

concurrently>>existingorhappeningatthesametime.

depletion>>theactofdecreasingsomethingmarkedly.

voluntary>>acting,doneorgivenwillingly;notforcedofcompelled

predestination>>previousdeterminationasifbydestinyorfate

TEXT十.

pronounced>>marked,prominent,obvious.

ratify>>approveandsanctionformally.

elevated>>higherthannormal.

episode>>aneventorsetofeventsthatformspartofalongerseriesbutisconsideredseparately.

inevitable>>certaintihappenandunabletobeavoidedorprevented.

involuntarily>>donecontrarytoorwithoutchoice.

grind>>weardown,polish,orsharpenbyfriction.

irrefutable>>impossibletorefute.

inertia>>theforcethatkeepsanobjectinthesameposition,orkeepsitmovinguntilitismovedorstoppedbyanotherforce

herald>>makeknownthepresenceorarrivalof

TEXT十一.

habitat>>thetypeofenvironmentinwhichanorganismorgroupnormallylivesoroccurs.

principal>>themostimportantmain.

equivalent>>equalinamountorvalue.

thereby>>consequentlyasaresultof.

compound>>makeadifficultsituationworsebyaddingmoreproblems.

velocity>>thespeedofsomethingthatismovinginaparticulardirection.

elaborate>>verydetailedandcomplicated.

confinement>>thestateofbeingforcedtostayinaclosedspace.

exceeding>>toanextremedegreeorextent

incidence>>therelativefrequencyofoccurrenceofsomething

TEXT十二

irrelevant>>havingnobearingonorconnectionwiththesubjectatissue.

leak>>anescapeofgasorliquidthroughaholeinsomething.

annually>>yearly.

seizure>>asuddenconditioninwhichsomeonecannotcontrolthemovementsoftheirbody,whichcontinuesforashorttime.

penetrate>>passintoorthrough.

conservatively>>deliberatelylowerthanwhattherealamountprobablyis.

precaution>>somethingthatisdoneinadvanceinordertopreventproblemsortoavoiddanger

albeit>>eventhoughalthough.

fatal>>bringingdeath

inhale>>drawdeepintothelungsinbybreathing

TEXT十三

downplay>>understatethequalityofsomething.

dairy>>connectedwiththeproductionofmilk.

erratic>>irregularoruneveninmovement,qualityorbehaviorunreliable.

obesity>>aconditioninwhichsomeoneistoofatinawaythatisdangerousfortheirhealth.

portion>>onepartofsomething.

seal>>secureagainstleakage.

mitigate>>makelessunpleasant,seriousorpainful.

oblivious>>notawareofwhatishappeningaround.

contamination>>thestateofbeingpolluted

minuscule>>extremelysmall

TEXT十四

devastating>>badlydamagingordestroyingsomething.

susceptible>>weakandeasilyhurtphysicallyoremotionally.

vicinity>>theareanearorsurroundingaparticularplace.

nausea>>astomachdistresswithdistasteforfoodandanurgetovomit.

toxic>>poisonous.

inhibit>>preventsomethingfromgrowingordevelopingwell.

decay>>becomelesspowerfulandloseinfluence.

chronic>>lastingforalongtime.approximately>>roughly,notaccurate

emit>>produceanddischargesomethingespeciallygas

TEXT十五.

disturbing>>makingyoufeelworriedorupset.

incentive>>somethingthatencouragesomebodytodosomethingstimulus.

ailment>>illness,especiallyaslightone.

ethical>>ofmoralsormoralquestions.

vocal>>expressingstrongopinionspublicly,especiallyaboutthingthatyoudisagree.

attribution>>assigningsomequalityorcharactertoapersonorthing.

neutralize>>preventsomethingfromhavinganyeffect.

subject>>forcesomethingtoexperiencesomethingveryunpleasant,especiallyoveralongtime

underfed>>notgettingadequatefood

exceed>>gobeyondovercome

TEXT十六.

respectively>>consideredindividually.

investigation>>adetailedinquiryorsystematicexamination.

acknowledge>>admittheexistence,reality,ortruthofsomething.

hazard>>achanceofbeinginjuredorharmeddanger.

assessment>>aprocessinwhichyoumakeajudgmentaboutapersonorsituation.

inherent>>existingasanessentialconstituentorcharacteristic.

internal>>insidesomethingratherthanoutside.

offspring>>ananimal’sbabyorbabies.

ingest>>takefoodorothersubstancesintoyourbody

consume>>eat

TEXT十七.

merit>>thequalit