翻译资格考试二级笔译真题详解11.docx

翻译资格考试二级笔译真题详解11.docx

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翻译资格考试二级笔译真题详解11

2003年12英语二级《笔译综合能力》试题

Part1SummaryWriting

A.ReadthefollowingEnglishpassageandthenwriteaChinesesummaryofapproximately300wordsthatexpressesitsmainideasandbasicinformation（40points,50minutes）

Deceptivelysmallincolumninches,arecentNewYorkTimesarticleholdslargemeaningforusinbusiness.TheitemconcernedoneDanielProvenzano,38,ofUpperSaddleRiver,N.J.Hereistherelevantportion:

WhenheownedaFortLeeprintingcompanycalledAdviceInc.,Mr.Provenzanosaidhefoundoutthatasalesrepresentativeheemploymenthadstolen$9,000.Mr.Provenzanosaidhetoldthemanthat“ifhewantedtokeephisemployment,Iwouldhavetobreakhisthumb.”HesaidanotherAdviceemployeedrovethesalesrepresentativetoHolyNameHospitalinTeaneck,brokethethumbwithahammeroutsidethehospital,andthenhadacarservicetakethemanhomeafterthethumbwasrepaired.

Mr.Provenzanoexplainedthathe“didn’twanttosetanexample”thatworkerscouldgetawaywithstealing.Theworkereventuallypaidback$4,500andkepthisjob,hesaid.Iknowthatyou’rethinking:

Thisisanoutrage.I,too,wasshockedthatProvenzanowasbeingprosecutedforhisastutemanagement.Indeed,Ithinkhis“modestproposal”hasalottoteachmanagersastheystrugglewiththeproblemsofourpeople-centeredbusinessenvironment.Problemssuchas….

Dealingwiththebottom10%.GEmadethesystemfamous,butplentyofcompaniesareusingit:

Everyyearyougetridoftheworst-evaluatedworkers.Manymanagersobjectthatthispracticeisinhumane,butnotdealingwiththatbottom10%leadstobigperformanceproblems.Provenzanofoundakinder,gentleranswer.Afterall,thisemployeewouldhavebeenfiredvirtuallyanywhereelse.ButatAdviceInc.,hestayedonthejob.Andyouknowwhat?

Ibethebecomeavery,very—very—productiveemployee.FormostmanagersProvenzano’sinnovativeresponsewillbeawelcomenewadditiontotheirexecutivetoolkit.Andbytheway,“executivetoolkit”isclearlymorethanjustametaphoratAdviceInc.

Beingtheemployerofchoice.Withtoptalentscarceeverywhere,mostcompaniesnowwanttobetheirindustry’sortheircommunity’smostdesirable.AdviceInc.understood.Theemployeeinquestionwasn’tsimplydisciplinedinhissupervisor’sofficeandsenthome.No,that’showanordinaryemployerwouldhavedoneit.ButatAdviceInc.,anotheremployee—theHRmanager,perhaps?

—tooktimeouthisbusydayanddrovetheguyrighttotheemergencyroom.Andthen—thedetailthatsaysitall—thecompanyprovidedacarservicetodrivetheemployeehome.Themessagetotalentedjobcandidatescomesthroughloudandclear:

AdviceInc.isacompanythatcares.

Settinganexampletoothers.Aneternalproblemformanagersishowtoletallemployeesknowwhathappenstothosewhoperformespeciallywellorbadly.Afewcompaniesactuallyposteveryone’ssalaryandbonusontheirintranet.Butpayissoone-dimensional.AtAdviceInc.,aproblemthatwouldhardlybementionedatmostcompanies—embezzlement—wasundoubtedlythetopicofrichdiscussionsforweeks,atleastuntiltheemployee’scastcameoff.Anyemployeetheftprobablywentway,way—way—down.

WhenthegreatRobertoGoizuetawasCEOofCoca-Colaheusedtotalkaboutthisproblemofsettingexamplesandonceobserved,“Sometimesyoumusthaveanexecutioninthepublicsquare!

”Butofcoursehewasspeakingonlyfiguratively.Ifhehadjustlistenedtohisownwords,GoizuetamighthavebeenanevenbetterCEO.

Differentiation.ThisisoneofJackWelch’sfavoriteconcepts—theideathatmanagersshouldtreatdifferentemployeesverydifferentlybasedonperformance.Welchlikedtodifferentiatewithsalary,bonus,andstockoptions,butnow,inwhatmusthenceforthbeknownasthepost-Provenzanomanagementera,wecanseethatGE’sgreatmanagementthinkerjustwasn’tthinkingbigenough.

ThisTimesarticleistantalizingandfrustrating.Injustafewsentencesitopensawholenewworldofmanagement,yetmuchmoresurelyremainstobetold.WemustallurgeProvenzanotowriteabookexplaininghiscompletemanagerialphilosophy.

B.ReadthefollowingChinesepassageandthenwriteanEnglishsummaryofapproximately250wordsthatexpressesitscentralideasandmainviewpoints（40points,50minutes）

越是对原作体会深刻，越是欣赏原文的每秒，越觉得心长力，越觉得译文远远的传达不出原作的神韵。

返工的次数愈来愈多，时间也花得愈来愈多，结果却总是不满意。

……例如句子的转弯抹角太生硬，色彩单调，说理强而描绘弱，处处都和我性格的缺陷与偏差有关。

自然，我并不因此灰心，照样“知其不可为而为之”，不过要心情愉快也很难了。

工作有成绩才是最大的快乐：

这一点你我都一样。

另外有一点是肯定的，就是西方人的思想方式同我们距离太大了。

不做翻译工作的人恐怕不会体会到这么深切。

他们刻画心理和描写感情的时候，有些曲折和细腻的地方，复杂繁琐，简直与我们格格不入。

我们对人生琐事往往有许多是人为不值一提而省略，有许多只是罗列事实而不加分析的；如果要写情就用诗人的态度来写：

西方作家却多半用科学家的态度，历史学家的态度（特别巴尔扎克），像解剖昆虫一半。

译的人固然懂得了，也感觉到它的特色，妙处，可是要叫思想方式完全不一样的读者领会就难了。

思想方式反映整个的人生观，宇宙观，和几千年文化的发展，怎能一下子就能和另一民族的思想沟通呢？

你很幸运，音乐不像语言的局限那么大，你还是用音符表达前人的音符，不是用另一种语言文字，另一种逻辑。

（《博雷家书》）

Part2ReadingComprehension（20points,20minutes）

Inthissectionyouwillfindaftereachofthepassagesanumberofquestionsorunfinishedstatementsaboutthepassage,eachwithfour（A,B,CandD）suggestedanswersorwayoffinishing.Youmustchoosetheonewhichyouthinkfitsbest.

PASSAGE1

ToErrIsHuman

byLewisThomas

Everyonemusthavehadatleastonepersonalexperiencewithacomputererrorbythistime.Bankbalancesaresuddenlyreportedtohavejumpedform$379intothemillions,appealsforcharitablecontributionsaremailedoverandovertopeoplewithcrazysoundingnamesatyouraddress,departmentstoressendthewrongbills,utilitycompanieswritethatthey’returningeverythingoff,thatsortofthing.Ifyoumanagetogetintouchwithsomeoneandcomplain,youthengetinstantaneouslytyped,guiltylettersfromthesamecomputer,saying,“Ourcomputerwasinerror,andanadjustmentisbeingmadeinyouraccount.”

Thesearesupposedtobethesheerest,blindestaccidents.Mistakesarenotbelievedtobethenormalbehaviorofagoodmachine.Ifthingsgowrong,itmustbeapersonal,humanerror,theresultoffingering,tamperingabuttongettingstuck,someonehittingthewrongkey.Thecomputer,atitsnormalbest,isinfallible.

Iwonderwhetherthiscanbetrue.Afterall,thewholepointofcomputersisthattheyrepresentanextensionofthehumanbrain,vastlyimproveduponbutnonethelesshuman,superhumanmaybe.Agoodcomputercanthinkclearlyandquicklyenoughtobeatyouatchess,andsomeofthemhaveevenbeenprogrammedtowriteobscureverse.Theycandoanythingwecando,andmorebesides.

Itisnotyetknownwhetheracomputerhasitsownconsciousness,anditwouldbehardtofindoutaboutthis.Whenyouwalkintooneofthosegreathallsnowbuiltforthehugemachines,andstandinglistening,itiseasytoimaginethatthefaint,distantnoisesarethesoundofthinking,andtheturningofthespoolsgivesthemthelookofwildcreaturesrollingtheireyesintheefforttoconcentrate,chokingwithinformation.Butrealthinking,anddreaming,areothermatters.Ontheotherhand,theevidenceofsomethinglikeanunconscious,equivalenttoours,areallaround,ineverymail.Asextensionsofthehumanbrain,theyhavebeenconstructedthesamepropertyoferror,spontaneous,uncontrolled,andrichinpossibilities.

Question1:

Thetitleofthewriting“ToErrIsHuman”impliesthat

A.makingmistakesisconfinedonlytohumanbeings.

B.everyhumanbeingcannotavoidmakingmistakes.

C.allhumanbeingsarealwaysmakingmistakes.

D.everyhumanbeingisborntomakebadmistakes.

Question2:

Thefirstparagraphimpliesthat

A.computererrorsaresoobviousthatonecanhardlypreventthemformhappening.

B.acomputerissocapableofmakingerrorsthatnoneofthemisavoidable.

C.computersmakesucherrorsasmiscalculationandinaccuratereporting.

D.computerscan’tthinksotheirerrorsarenaturalandunavoidable.

Question3:

Theauthoruseshishypothesisthat“computersrepresentanextensionofthehumanbrain”inordertoindicatethat

A.humanbeingsarenotinfallible,norarecomputers.

B.computersareboundtomakeasmanyerrorsashumanbeings.

C.errorsmadebycomputerscanbeavoidedthesameashumanmistakescanbeavoided.

D.computersaremadebyhumanbeingsandsoaretheirerrors.

Question4:

Therhetorictheauthoremployedinwritingthethirdparagraph,especiallythesentence“Agoodcomputercanthinkclearlyandquicklyenoughtobeatyouatchess…”isusuallyreferredtoinwritingas

A.climax.

B.personification.

C.hyperbole.

D.onomatopoeia.

Question5:

Theauthorcomparedthefaintanddistantsoundofthecomputertothesoundofthinkingandregardeditastheproductof

A.dreamingandthinking

B.somepropertyoferrors.

C.consciousness.

D.possibilities.

PASSAGE2

TheFrugalGourmetCooksAmerican

byJeffSmith

OurrealAmericanfoodshavecomefromoursoilandhavebeenusedbymanygroups—thosewhoalreadylivedhereandthosewhohavecomeheretolive.TheNativeAmericansalreadyhaddevelopedaninterestingcuisineusingtheabundantfoodsthatweresoprevalent.

TheinfluencethattheEnglishhaduponournationaleatinghabitsiseasytosee.Theywereatoughlot,thoseEnglish,andtheyateinatoughmanner.Theywipedtheirmouthsonthetablecloth,iftherehappenedtobeone,andtheyateuntilyouwouldexpectthemtoburst.EuropeantravelerstothiscountryinthosedaysweremostoftenshockedbyAmericaneatinghabits,whichincludedtoomuchsaltandtoomuchliquor.Notmuchhaschanged!

And,theRevolutionistsrefusedtousetheforksinceitmarkedthemasEuropeans.TheforkwasnotabsolutelycommonontheAmericandinnertableuntilaboutthetimeoftheCivilWar,the1860s.ThoseEnglishwereatoughlot.

Otherimmigrantgroupsaddedtheirownto