On the Feminine Awareness of Scarlett in Gone with the Wind.docx

On the Feminine Awareness of Scarlett in Gone with the Wind.docx

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OntheFeminineAwarenessofScarlettinGonewiththeWind

天津大学网络教育学院

专科毕业论文

题目：

OntheFeminineAwarenessofScarlettinGonewiththeWind

完成期限：

2012年12月26日至2013年5月6日

学习中心天津天狮学院年级2010级

专业应用英语指导教师陈大中

姓名陈茂琴学号102031343001

Abstract

Asafamouswriteroffeminineliteratureera,MargaretMitchellcreatesmanywomencharactersfeaturedwithuniquecharms,reflectingshe’sfeminismideas.ThroughthedeepanalysisofGonewiththeWind,wecangodeepintotheresearchofshe’sfeminism.Thisarticlediscussestheheroine’spersonality,pursuitandthegreatchangeaswell,whichrevealbothMitchell’sconceptagainstthetraditionandherfeminismopinions.Besides,throughtheexplorationofthesocialandculturalbackgrounds,wecanlearnthecauseofMitchell’sfeminismthought.

Keywords:

heroinecharacters；feminism；anti-tradition；backgroundculture

OntheFeminineAwarenessofScarlettinGonewiththeWind

Outline

ThesisStatement:

Byanalyzingfemalecharacters,thisessayfocusesonMitchell’sideologicalcharacteristicswithherknownfeministopinionscombinedwithherpersonallifeandfeminineliteratureerasocialbackground.

I.Introduction

II．FeminismandPygmalion

A.Theoryoffeminism

B.IntroductionofPygmalion

III．AnalysisofShaw’sFeminisminPygmalion

A.Woman’sIndependence

B.Eliza’sParochialism

C.Higgins’Weakness.

IV．TheSignificanceofShaw’sParochialFeminism

A.Shaw’sLifeExperiences

B.TheImpactofSocietyonGeorgeBernardShaw

V.Conclusion

OntheFeminineAwarenessofScarlettinGonewiththeWind

一、Introduction

Intheearlyyearsofthenineteenthcentury,Britishdramaappearedasarealistictendency.Mostoftheworksdescribedtheregularlifeoflowerpeople,revealingthedarksideofthesocietyinanaturalandsimplelanguagestyle.Familylifebecamethecenterofwritersdiscussed.Asafamouswriterinthattime,MargaretMitchellcreateswomencharactersfeaturedwithhisfeminism.Thisarticlediscussestheheroine’spersonality,pursuitandgreatchangeaswell,revealingbothMitchell’sconceptagainstthetraditionandherpositivefeminismopinions.

（一）IntroductionofMargaretMitchell

MargaretMitchellwasborninalawyer’sfamilyin1900,Whenshewasyoung,sheoftenheardpeopletalkaboutthecivilwarwhichmadeherconcernforthewarandpeople’slifeconditioninthatperiod.Inthebeginningof1930s,sheworkedfortheAtlantanewspaperoffice,whereprovidedherlotsofhistoricalmaterialsaboutAmericancivilwar.Afterhermarriage,sheresignedfromtheAtlantanewspaperofficeandbeganhercompositionofGonewiththeWind.Ittookher10yearstocompletethismasterpiece.In1936,Gonewiththewindwasalltherage.Sofar,itwasregardedasoneofthemostfamouslovenovelinAmericaliterature.MargaretMitchellhaswrittenanoutstandingplay,Gonewiththewind.Inthiswriting,womenaretheleadingcharacterswithgreatpersonalityanduniquecharms.Theyarewarmlypraisedbytheauthoraswellasheartedlyacceptedbythereaders.Inthemeansofartisticexpression,sheisgoodatshowingcharacterconflictsthroughthecharacters’dialogue.Underhisinfluence,manywritersbegintopaycloseattentiontotheproblemsofsocietywithnewwritingtechnique.Therefore,Mitchell’sfeminismisbecomingavaluableresearchingtask.

Ofcourse,weshouldfirstadmitthatMitchellhasobviousfeminismopinions.Byencouragingwomentobeindependentandself-respected,Shawadvocatesthatwomenshouldbeinstinctive,wise,politeandhigh-spiritandbeevenequalwithman.Mitchellpromotesthedevelopmentofwesternfeminism.

（二）IntroductionofGonewiththeWind

InGonewiththeWind,MargaretMitchellportrayedtheinferiorpositionofwomeninthesouthofAmericaduringthe19thcentury.ShealsodescribedaheroineScarletandherloveentanglementwithAshleyandRhett.“ScarlettistheoldestdaughterofGeraldO'Hara,theIrish-AmericanownerofTarawhoworkedhiswaytowealth,andEllenLorillardO'Hara,ahigh-bornSouthernerofFrenchdescent.”[1]Shehastwoyoungersisters,SullenandCareen.Bytheendofthenovel,Scarletthasbeenmarriedthreetimesandhasachildfromeachone.

Scarletwasself-partialandpriggishwhenshewasayounglady.Shewasselfishandkindwhenshewasawidow;shewasshrewdandgainfulwhenshewasabusinesswoman.Herlifewasfilledwithlegend.Herupsanddownsfullyembodiedherlifeconditionandherattitudetowardlife.Shewasacommonwomanbutsheactedlikeagreatwomandid.Shewasamodernwomaninoldages.Herbravery,independence,resolutionandotherpersonalitiesalwaysencouragewomeninmoderntimes.

二、FeminismandGonewiththewind

Fromeverlasting,fairystoryisthemostattractiveplayinliteratureallroundtheworld,andGonewiththewindisthefamousexample.GonewiththewindnarratestransformationofanindependentgirlrevealingMitchell’sopiniononfeminism.

（一）Theoryoffeminism

Theinterpretationsoffeministlieintherealizationofequalitybetweenmenandwomenofallmankind.Itisthebasicpremiseofallinthetheory.Insuchacrosshistoryandculturalwidespreadsocialstructure,womenhavenoequalstatuswithmeninthepolitical,cultural,andeconomicarea.TheaimofFeministmovementistogainwomen’srights,includingfemalesuffrageandproperty.Violenceandsexismareopposedbythem.Womenaredemandingbothequalrightsandopportunitieswithmen.Inthisstage,feminineconsciousnessbecomesawakening.

“Feministtheorycanbedividedintothemacroscopictheoryandmicroscopictheory.”[2]Macroscopictheoryincludessomegrandnarrativewhichexplainstheworldandhistory.Womenarenolongerasamemberinafamilywhichmendominate.Theinterestsoffamilymembersarenolongeralwaysregardedasconsistent.Itexplainsthefemalerolesasfulltimelabor,familyworker,foodproducerandothercharactersintheeconomicsociety.Microscopictheoryhasmanycategories,suchasroletheory,involvingwomen’sdoubleroleconflictbetweenfamilyandwork.Therefore,womenlosemanyjobopportunities.Itdeclinesfemalemotivepowerondoingbusinessandlowersthesocialvalueoffemale.Thesocialconditionsofmaterialandthechangeofproductionrelationhavemadegenderinequalityanoutdatedconcept.Underthesecircumstances,somecriticismoftraditionalconceptandsystemappeared.Mr.HeChengZhouheldaview:

“Feministliterarycriticismisseenasacriticismgenre.Thisbecauseittoucheswomen’sbasicrightswhichismorethanliterarycategory.”[3]SoMitchell’sfeminismisworthtostudying.

（二）IntroductionofGonewiththewind

GonewiththeWindiswrittenbytheAmericanfemalewriterMargaretMitchell.Eversinceit’spublishing,theAmericanCivilWarromancehasbrokenallpublishingrecordsamongthecircles.Now,ithasbeenregardedtobetheclassicloveromancebasedontheU.SCivilWar.InGonewiththeWind,MargaretMitchellhaswrittenasolidandvividlyinterestingstorywhichmainlydescribesseveralyoungpeople’sloveduringtheCivilWar.TheprotagonistScarlettisabeautifulgirlwhorepresentstheclassofdegeneratednoble.Therearemanyessentialcharacteristicsofslaveownersuchasindependence,courageandself-confidenceinScarlett.TheCivilWaristhegreatsettingthatmadetheheroinegrowupfromachildishgirltoamaturewoman.Andshehasportrayedadistinctivewoman—Scarlett,whohadenoughcouragetoendureanddoanything,enoughrebelliontobreaktheconventions,enoughoptimismtofaceeverything.

Gonewiththewindwasfirstpublishedin1936.ThishistoricalromanceoftheCivilWarhadbeenfamousalmostovernight.PraisedasthefirstCivilWarnoveltobetoldfromasouthernwoman’spointofview,GonewiththeWindwonthe1937politerprizeinfiction.Itsoonspreadoverthecountryandattractednumerousreaders.Until1949,thisbookhadalreadybeentranslatedintoeighteenlanguagesandmorethaneightmillionvolumeshadbeensoldinfortycountries.However,thisworkdidnotgainhighliteraryframeintheAmericanLiteratureforthewriter’sattitudetowardtheU.SCivilWarandslavery.SomecriticsholdthatMargaretMitchellhadbeautifiedthedecliningmemorializeofthesouthandshowedhergreatsympathytothoseslaveholders.AnAmericanfilmbasedonthisnovelwasreleasedthreeyearsafteritspublication,whichwasoneofthehighest-grossingblockbustersinthehistoryofHollywood,andhadreceivedarecord-breakingnumberofAcademyAwards.

ThecentralthemeofthethesisistheanalysisofScarlett’scharacterfromtwoaspects:

 thefirstoneisthemeritsofhercharacter,suchasthecourageandindependenceduringandafterthecivilwarandheroptimismandcostiveness;thesecondoneisherrebellionandselfishness. Theanalysisaimsatshowingtheeternalcharmofherimage,anddrawsthenaturalconclusionthatsheisanindependentandoptimisticladydespitesomedemerits.ThereasonsoftheshapingofScarlett’scharacterareresearched;theinfluenceontheeraconcerningthemainfigurearealsopointedoutthatmodernwomanshouldlearnfromScarletttoholdactiveandpositiveattitudetowardssocialpressureandcruelreality.

三、AnalysisofMitchell’sFeminisminGonewiththewind

（一）Scarlett’sIndependence

ScarlettwasborninafarmerfamilyintheSouthAmericanduringthecivilwar.Scarlettshowsherdifferenceattherightopeningofthenovel.Shehasa“gentlybredCreolemotherfromtheseacoast”[4].EllenO’Hara,hasneverbeenseen“stirredfromheraustereplaciditynorherpersonalappointmentsanythingbutperfect,nomaterwhatthehourofdayorni