高中生物实验知识点汇总汇总.docx

高中生物实验知识点汇总汇总.docx

《高中生物实验知识点汇总汇总.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《高中生物实验知识点汇总汇总.docx（27页珍藏版）》请在冰豆网上搜索。

高中生物实验知识点汇总汇总

一．容器与耗材（vessel（容器、船舶、血管）&consumablematerial）

量杯measuringcup量筒measuringflask/measuringcylinder

烧杯beaker烧瓶flask搅拌棒stirringrod玻棒glassrod

容量瓶volumetricflask/measuringflask锥形瓶conicalflask

试管testtube试管架testtubeholder/rack试管刷test-tubebrush

试剂瓶reagentbottles广口瓶wide-mouthbottle细口瓶narrow-mouthbottle

小瓶vial洗瓶plasticwashbottle洗耳球rubbersuctionbulb

小滴管dropper玻璃活塞stopcock塞子stopper/plug

比色皿cuvette培养皿culturedish

漏斗funnel漏斗架cast-ironring

酒精灯alcoholburner酒精喷灯blastalcoholburner铁架台ironsupport

坩埚crucible坩埚钳crucibleclamp

蒸馏装置distillingapparatus水浴锅waterbathkettle真空泵vacuumpump

橡胶管rubbertubing止水夹flatjawpinchcock万能夹extensionclamp

移液管（one-mark）pipette吸液管/移液枪pipette移液枪枪头pipettetips

离心管Centrifugetube微量离心管（EP管）Eppendorftube离心机转子rotor

电泳槽Geltank电线Electricalleads电泳用的梳子Comb

搅拌装置stirringdevice研磨钵mortar研杵pestle托盘Tray

称量纸weighingpaper药匙labspoon

载玻片Slideglass盖玻片Coverglass

滤纸filterpaper滤器filter pH试纸universalphindicatorpaper

电极electrode阳极,正极anode极,负极cathode

水银温度计mercury-filledthermometer

剃刀刀片razorblade手术刀scalpel

垃圾袋disposablebag垃圾桶garbagebin桶bucket

橡皮筋rubberband牙签Toothpick保鲜膜preservativefilm口罩respirator

石蜡封口膜Parafilm鱼缸aquarium铝箔aluminiumfoil

螺丝钉Screw锁紧螺母Nut,Capnut钉Nail镊子forceps剪刀scissor

扳手Shiftingspanner灯泡Globe

复印纸Copypaper复写纸Carbonpaper擦镜纸wiperforlens

计时器Timer闹钟Alarmclock记号笔markerpen圆珠笔芯Refill

U形钉/订书钉Staple订书机Stapler衣服挂钩Coathanger

打孔器stopperborer注射器syringe注射器活塞plunger

 三．仪器（apparatus）

恒温循环仪Thermostaticcirculator  （circulatecirculation）

磁力搅拌器magneticstirrer离心机centrifuge涡旋振荡器Vortexingmachine

电子显微镜ElectroMicroscope　光学显微镜OpticalMicroscope　倒置显微镜InvertedMicroscope　　解剖镜anatomicallens

电泳仪ElectrophoresisSystem　　　电泳电源Electrophoresispowersupply

凝胶系统Gelsystem酶标仪ELIASA　　　恒流泵constantflowpump

PCR仪InstrumentforPolymeraseChainReaction　　　　　　　

核磁共振波谱仪NuclearMagneticResonanceSpectrometer　　摇床Shaker　

紫外-可见光分光光度计UV-VisibleSpectrophotometer　（分光仪vs分光光度仪）　　

超滤器UltrahighPurityFilter　　超低温冰箱Ultra-lowTemperatureFreezer　　　　　

超声破碎仪UltrasonicCellDisruptor（ultrasonic超声的，disrupt破坏分裂的）　　　　

紫外照明Ultravioletillumination紫外观察灯UltravioletLamp/Light　　　　

烘箱oven  微波炉microwaveoven电磁炉electromagneticoven

电子天平Electronicbalance天平balance/scale分析天平analyticalbalance

台秤platformbalance（cmcentimeter）转接器/适配器Adapter

封口设备Sealingequipment复印机Duplicator,copyingmachine

超净工作台supercleanbench药柜Cupboard通风橱fumecupboard

培养箱incubatorCO2培养箱CO2Incubators　　　　　　

空调机AirconditionerpH计pHmeter计算器calculator/numerator

四．化学试剂（reagent）

3、其他化学试剂

HCL盐酸hydrochloricacid氢氧化钠NaOHsodiumhydrate/hydroxide

无水乙醇absoluteethanol氯仿Chloroform冰醋酸glacialaceticacid

氯化钠Sodiumchloride生理盐水physiologicalsaline

蒸馏水distilledwater蔗糖溶液sucrosesolution

碘液iodinesolution斐林试剂Fehlingreagent

双缩脲试剂biuretreagent苏丹ⅢsudanIII

甲基绿methylgreen吡罗红pyronin龙胆紫溶液gentianvioletsolution

健那绿染液JanusgreenB

酚酞phenothalin溴麝香草酚蓝水溶液Bromidebluewatersolution

碳酸钙CaCO3calciumcarbonate二氧化硅SiO2Silicondioxide

过氧化氢H2O2hydrogenperoxide过氧化氢酶catalaseFeCl3溶液

琼脂Agar 胰蛋白胨Tryptone酵母提取物yeastextract

色素Pigment：

胡萝卜素carotene、叶黄素lutein、叶绿素achlorophylla、叶绿素bchlorophyllb

重铬酸钾溶液Potassiumdichromatesolution氯化钙Calciumchloride

高锰酸钾potassiumhypermanganate甲醇methanol（methylalcohol）

洗涤剂detergentCuSO4溶液CuSO4solutionCu（OH）2溶液Cu（OH）2solution

阴离子anion阳离子cation

二．实验操作（manipulation）：

丢弃discard转移容器decant冷却chilldown

吸出aspirate吹吸blowingandsuction

离心收集pellet重悬resuspend沉淀precipitate沉淀物Sediment

絮状沉淀flocculentprecipitate浑浊的turbid

燃烧combustion烘bake灭菌sterilize培养foster通风ventilate

漂洗rinse中和neutralize稀释dilute洗脱elute

蒸馏distil/distill 脱水dehydrate

水解hydrolysis分解dissolution裂解物Lysate

搅拌Stir/agitate 溶解dissolve上清Supernatant

研磨grind破碎crush过滤filtrate

电泳Electrophoresis色谱chromatograph

催化剂catalyst催化作用catalysis

涡旋震荡Vortex抽滤suctionfiltration电转化electrotransformation

收菌harvest发酵fermentation接种inoculate孵育incubate

切碎chop/mince灌注perfusion浆液slurry

四．化学试剂（reagent）

3、其他化学试剂

肝素heparin二甲苯Xylene冰乙酸Aceticacidglacial 

硼酸Boricacid（H3BO3,61.83）  

巯基乙醇mercaptoethanol咪唑Imidazole盐酸胍guanidinehydrochloride

乙酸钠Sodiumacetate十二烷基磺酸钠Sodiumdodecylsulphate

两性霉素amphotericin氨苄Ampicillin 卡那霉素Kanamycin

醋酸钾Potassiumacetate异丙醇Isopropanol醋酸铵Ammoniumacetate

异戊醇Isoamylalcohol考马斯亮蓝Coomassiebrilliantblue

液氮liquidnitrogen次氯酸钠clorox苯酚phenol碱性alkalinity

2、核苷酸

腺苷adenosine鸟嘌呤核苷guanosine胞苷cytidine胸腺嘧啶脱氧核苷thymidine

尿嘧啶核苷uridine脱氧deoxy- 

1、氨基酸

丙氨酸alanine（Ala,A） 缬氨酸valine（Val,V）亮氨酸leucine（Leu,L）  

异亮氨酸isoleucine（Ile,I） 脯氨酸proline（Pro,P） 

苯丙氨酸phenylalanine（Phe,F）色氨酸tryptophan（Trp,W）

蛋氨酸methionine（Met,M）甘氨酸glycine（Gly,G）丝氨酸serine（Ser,S）

苏氨酸threonine（Thr,T）半胱氨酸cysteine（Cys,C）酪氨酸tyrosine（Tyr,Y）

天冬氨酸asparagines（Asn,N） 谷氨酰胺glutamine（Gln,Q）

赖氨酸lysine（Lys,K）精氨酸arginine（Arg,R） 组氨酸histidine（His,H） 

天冬氨酸asparticacid（Asp,D） 谷氨酸glutamicacid（Glu,E） 

MalvernCollegeQingdao,thefirstinternationalhighschoolforChinesenationalsisauthorisedbyaleadingBritishboardingschoolandapprovedbytheChineseEducationDepartment.

ThecoremanagementteamofMalvernCollegeQingdaoconsistsofgraduatesfromHarvardandOxfordUniversity,whohaveconsiderableexperienceofworkinginleadingmulti-nationalorganizations.InheritingtheethosofMalvernCollegewhileadaptingtotheneedsofstudentsinChina,MalvernCollegeQingdaostrivestoprovideaforward-lookingeducationalapproach，suitablefordevelopingleadersforthe21stcentury.Withthisvision,weofferahigh-qualitypersonalized,holisticandinternationaleducationatpost-13level.

MalvernCollegeQingdaoissituatedinabeautiful50-acrecampusjustoutsidethecityofQingdao,closetothescenicLaoMountainarea,andisequippedwithsomeofthebesteducationalfacilitiesinShandong.AdoptingthebesteducationalpracticesofBritishboardingschools,includingpersonalizedlearningandsmallclasssizes,ourexperiencedexpatriateteacherswillhelpstudentsgraduallyadapttoaWestern-stylelearningenvironment,andachievethebestresultspossiblegiveneachstudent’stalentsandabilitiesintheirchosenexaminations.Ourcarefullydesignedco-curricular,pastoralcareandleadershipdevelopmentprogramswilldevelopstudentsintowell-roundedindividuals,andpreparethemnotonlyforentryintoleadinguniversitiesworldwide,butalsopreparethemfortheirfuturecareers.

Welcome to Malvern College Qingdao!

 As the Headmaster of Malvern College in the UK, it is my pleasure to have the opportunity to speak to you and to share my belief in the holistic education that Malvern College Qingdao will provide to some of the brightest students in China.

Malvern College has 150 years of history and is regarded as one of the best independent schools in the UK. Our mission at Malvern is to provide the best possible education to our students, helping them to develop into the leaders of the future. We believe that our students not only have to be very strong academically, but they also have to be well-rounded individuals with strong critical thinking, communicative,leadership and teamwork skills and a good understanding of other cultures. Over the years, these core values that we have developed have helped us nurture Prime Ministers and Nobel Laureates as well as many others who have excelled in sport, business and the arts. We are very excited now that we have the opportunity to share these values and our ethos with Chinese students who will be studying at Malvern College Qingdao.

Chinese students are some of brightest in the world, with a robust work ethic and strong academic ability. Students at Malvern College Qingdao will follow the UK A-level curriculum to ensure that they have the academic capability and qualifications to succeed at leading universities around the world. However, success at university and beyond does not come from the classroom alone, and we believe very strongly in developing our students further through the provision of a carefully designed co-curricular system and comprehensive pastoral care. At Malvern College Qingdao, students will be able to experience a wide variety of activities outside the classroom, from team sports such as football, to creative activities such as drama, music, debating,and many others. These co-curricular activities will help develop students’confidence, teamwork and communication skills. Students will also benefit from our leadership diploma, which encourages initiative both within the school environment and in the local community.

Comprehensive pastoral care encompassing a full boarding experience is a vital component of the Malvern ethos. Malvern College Qingdao’s boarding and personal tutor systems will reflect those of Malvern College in the UK, and will provide a safe, stimulating environment in which students can thrive and develop to become well-mannered, culturally-aware young adults.

Every school needs to support its students in applying for universities of their choice and each year, many students from Malvern College are admitted to leading universities worldwide, including Oxford, Cambridge and American Ivy League universities such as Yale and Cornell. We will work closely with the Oxford and Harvard educated Principals of Malvern College Qingdao to provide expert personal advice to students regarding their university applications and their longer term career planning.

Together with the Principals and Director of Malvern College Qingdao, we are committed to providing a top-class education for students of Malvern College Qingdao. We will be conducting a thorough and rigorous annual quality assessment of all aspects of the school’s operations to ensure that they meet the high standards of Malvern College in the UK. We are and will continue to be involv