基础英语2主编何兆熊unit2thevirtuesofgrowingolder课后练习答案.docx
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基础英语2主编何兆熊unit2thevirtuesofgrowingolder课后练习答案
基础英语2第二单元答案
Unit2TheVirtuesofGrowingOlder
Textcomprehension
I.C
II.1F;2F;3F;4T;5T.
III.
1.Worshipingyouthandfearinggrowingold.Todelaytheeffectsofagingwithcosmeticsandphysicalexercises.
2.Three.Lessconcernforone’sappearance;lessuncertaintyabouttheunknownsinthefuture;surerself-identity.
3.Feeluncertainaboutwhatwillhappentothemandwhattheyshoulddo.
4.Usecontraststructure“Beingyoungmeans…/Itmeans…”and“I…now/Inolonger…”
5.Thewriterlearnsthesignificancethatthenewer(younger)isnotnecessarilybetter,andshecanbehappierthanbeforeasshegrowsolder.
IV.
1.Womenarelesscapableofresistingthetemptationthetemptationoffashionthanmen.
2.Makefriendswithdifferentpeopleinordertofindanewidentityforyourself.
Structuralanalysisofthetext
1.SeeIII2.
2.Paragraph3:
thelastsentence;Paragraph4:
thesecondsentence;Paragraph5:
thefirstsentence.
SectionFourConsolidationActivities
Partone.VocabularyAnalysis
I.Phrasepractice
1.areaptto=arelikelyto易于……,有……的偏向
.Infantsareapttoputtheirhandsintotheirmouths.婴儿爱把手往嘴里塞。
2.fallapart=breakup/disintegrate
3.ingeneral=asawhole通常,大体上;总的来讲,从整体上看
.Ingeneral,thiscompany’sproductsareveryreliable.这家公司的产品一般是很靠得住的。
Ingeneral,thispaperisabitdifficultforthesestudentstofinishinanhour.总的来讲,让学生在一个小时内完成这份试卷有些困难。
4.atthemercyof=powerlessagainst;completelycontrolledby对……无能为力;任……处置,任由……摆布
.Somepeoplearebornwiththebeliefthattheyaremastersoftheirownlives.Othersfeeltheyareatthemercyoffate.有些人天生相信自己是生命的主宰,另一些人则感觉他们受到命运的支配。
Idon’twanttoputmyselfatthemercyofothers.我不希望任由他人摆布。
5.nowonder=notsurprising/onlytoonatural不足为奇,并非奇怪
.Itisnowonderthatitissowetinthesouth.南方这么潮湿,并非奇怪。
Nowonderyou’resotired,you’veworkedthreehourswithoutabreak.难怪你这么累,你已经持续工作了三个小时。
Itisnowonderthathefailedhisfinalexam.他没能通过时末考试,这是不足为怪的。
II.
1.delay;2.Feverishly;3.façade;4.confronted;5.premise;6.dreaded;
7.automatically;8.awaiting.
III.Wordderivation
Fillintheblankswiththeappropriateformsofthegivenwords.
1.Shehasgotthisobsessive(obsess)fearoflosingcontrol,soshenevershowsheremotions.
2.Peopleunderalotofstressatworkwilloftenexperiencemoodiness(mood),irritabilityandalossofconfidence.
3.Theywantedatolerable(tolerate)existence—morefood,bettershelter,andpeace.
4.Intheend,thecompanyanditsinvestorscametoamutuallybeneficial(benefit)arrangement.
5.Workingwiththementallyhandicappedcanbeasatisfying(satisfy)andrewardingexperience.
6.Frogscansearchforfoodunderwater,hidden(hide)frombirdsofprey.
7.WhenIaskedheraboutwhereshewantedthemeetingtobeheld,shedidn’texpressanyparticularpreference(prefer).
8.Thecommitteehasmadefourspecificcriticisms(critical)ofthegovernment’stransportationpolicy.
1.obsessv.(使)牵挂,(使)惦念,(使)着迷obsesseda.着迷的
obsessionn.困扰,沉迷,着魔obsessivea.着迷的,强迫性的,分神的
.爱丽丝被一个她方才熟悉的男孩迷住了。
Alicewasobsessedbyaboyshehasjustmet.
他一直想要找到他的父亲,可是最近这变成了一种狂热。
He’salwayswantedtofindhisfatherbutrecentlyit’sbecomeanobsession.
2.moodn.心情,情绪moodya.易怒的,喜怒无常的,情绪化的
moodinessn.忧郁
.我每一个礼拜日情绪都很坏。
IamalwaysinabadmoodonSunday.
我的妻子在医院里心情不好。
Mywifeismoodyatthehospital.
3.toleratev.容忍,忍受tolerablea.可容忍的
toleranta.宽容的,容忍的
.她能忍受酷寒的天气。
Shecantoleratethecolddays.
这种酷热的天气在夜晚可以忍受。
Theheatwastolerableatnight.
4.benefitn.利益;津贴beneficiala.有利的,有利的
beneficiaryn.受惠者,受益人
.这项工程对每一个人都大有利处。
Thisprojectisofgreatbenefittoeveryone.
新鲜空气有利于健康。
Freshairisbeneficialtoourhealth.
她的丈夫是她遗言的主要受益人。
Herhusbandisthechiefbeneficiaryofherwill.
5.satisfyv.使满意,知足satisfactionn.满意
satisfactorya.令人满意的
.观赏一幅美丽的图画令人心满意足。
Lookingatabeautifulpaintingalwaysgivesonesatisfaction.
她对现状根本不满意。
Sheisnotatallsatisfiedwiththepresentsituation.
6.hidev.隐藏,隐瞒hidingn.隐藏,躲藏
hiddena.隐藏的,秘密的
.她设法不流露自己的情感。
Shetriedtohideherfeelings.
警察正在追赶藏匿起来的杀人犯。
Thepolicearefollowingamurdererwho’sinhiding.
7.preferv.较喜欢;宁可preferablea.更好的,更合意的
preferencen.偏爱,优先,喜爱物preferentiala.优先的;优惠的
.我更喜欢牛奶,而不是咖啡。
Iprefermilktocoffee.
我父亲感到在乡村生活比在城市生活要好些。
Myfatherfindscountrylifepreferabletolivinginthecity.
对于求职者,咱们优先考虑有必然经验的人。
Inconsideringpeopleforjobs,wegivepreferencetothosewithsomeexperience.
8.criticala.批评的;决定性的,关键的criticn.批评家,评论家
criticismn.批评,评论criticizev.批评;非难
.他的行为招致尖锐的批评。
Hisbehaviorcalledforthsharpcriticism.
他批评了我的冒险活动。
Hecriticizedmytakingrisks.
IV.
1.C;2.D;3.A;4.A;5.B;6.D;7.C;8.B.
V.Synonym/Antonym
Giveasynonymoranantonymofthewordunderlinedineachsentenceinthesenseitisused.
1.AdvertisementsconvinceustobuyGrecianFormulaandOilofOlaysowecanhidethegrayinourhair.
Synonym:
conceal,disguise
2.Mylegsweretooheavy,myshoulderstoobroad,mywaisttoobig.
Antonym:
narrow
3.TheircontentmentholdsoutgreatpromiseformeasImoveintothenext—perhapsevenbetter—phaseofmylife.
Synonym:
satisfaction,happiness,joy
4.TheVirtuesofGrowingOlder
Synonym:
merits,advantages
5.Myroundedfigureseemsfine,andIdon’tdenymyselfasliceofpecanpieifIfeelinthemood.
Synonym:
fat,plump
6.Daveliftedweights,tookmegadosesofvitaminsanddrankahalf-dozenmilkshakesadayinordertoturnhiswiryadolescentframeintosomemuscularideal.
Synonym:
well-built
7.Thetwoofusenjoywearingfashionableclothes,butwearenolongerslavestostyle.
Antonym:
old-fashioned,outdated
8.Obviously,Istillhaveimportantchoicestomakeaboutmylife,butIhavealreadymademanyofthecriticaldecisionsthatconfrontthosejuststartingout.
Synonym:
clearly,evidently
VI.Prefix
Writeineachspaceonewordthathasthesameprefixasunderlinedineachgivenword.
1.prefaceprepare5.peripheryperimeter
2.prologueprogress6.dialoguediameter
3.foresightforesee7.semifinalsemiconductor
4.paralysisparallel8.devaluatedecelerate
1.Explanation:
pre-:
beforesomeoneorsomething
.prewar,precondition,precaution,prediction
2.Explanation:
pro-:
before
.proceed,procession,provision
3.Explanation:
fore-:
beforeorinthefrontof
.foreword,foretell,forecast,forehead
4.Explanation:
para-:
ononeside
.paragraph,parallel
5.Explanation:
per-:
surrounding
.periodic,period
6.Explanation:
dia-:
passthroughbetweensth.
.dialectic,diagram,diagnosis
7.Explanation:
semi-:
halforpartly
.semicircle,semi-final,semi-skilled
8.Explanation:
de-:
reduce
.declass,degrade,deduce
PartTwoGrammarExercises
1.concretenouns&abstractnouns
Concretenounsarewordsweuseforpeople,places,orthingsthatwecanobservewithatleastoneofourfivesenses.Theabstractclassistheopposite—wecanneverexperiencethesenounsaccordingtooursenses.
Whilethisdistinctionissometimesuseful,theboundarybetweenconcreteandabstractisnotalwaysclear.Somenounscanbeusedasuncountablenounswhentheyrefertoathingingeneralandcountablenounswhentheyrefertoaparticularinstanceofit,consider,forexample,thenounart,whichusuallyreferstoaconcept:
e.g.Artisanimportantelementofhumanculture.
Butitcanrefertoaspecificartworkincertaincontexts:
.Iputmydaughter’sartuponthefridge.
Thisistheproblemofcontextwithinsentences.
I.Completethefollowingsentenceswiththeappropriateformsofthenounsgiven.
1.agony.
2.agonies.
3.experience.
4.experiences.
5.youth.
6.ayouth.
7.Mychildrenare__agreathelp__tome.(great,help)
8.Theboyhad__agoodknowledge__ofmathematics.(good,knowledge)
9.agrayhair
10.Heislookingfor__work__.(work)
II.1A;2B;3D;4C;5A;6B;7B;8C.
III.alotof;alittle;some;afew;A;some;some;alotof;X.
many;X;alotof.
2.quantifiers&determiners(every,each,everyone,everyone,all)
Eachandeveryhavesimilarbutnotalwaysidenticalmeanings.
each=everyoneseparately
every=each,all
Sometimes,eachandeveryhavethesamemeaning:
e.g.Pricesgoupeachyear.
Pricesgoupeveryyear.
Butoftentheyarenotexactlythesame.
Eachexpressestheideaof“onebyone”.Itemphasizesindividuality.
e.g.Eachartistseesthingsdifferently.
Everyishalf-waybetweeneachandall.Itseesthingsorpeopleassingular,butinagrouporingeneral.
e.g.EverysoldiersalutedasthePresidentarrived.
Eachcanbeusedinfrontoftheverb:
e.g.Thesoldierseachreceivedamedal.
Eachcanbefollowedby“of”:
e.g.ThePresidentspoketoeachofthesoldiers.
Everycannotbeusedfortwothingswhileeachcan:
e.g.Hewascarryingasuitcaseineachhand.
Everyisusedtosayhowoftensomethinghappens:
e.g.ThereisaplanetoBangkokeveryday.
Everyonemeans“everybody”andisusedwhenyouwanttorefertoallthepeopleinagroup:
e.g.Everyoneinmyfamilylikesspaghetti.
Butifyou’rereferringtotheindividualswhomakeupagroup,thenthephraseiseveryone.“Eachandeveryone”youshouldneversubstituteeveryone,foreveryoneassingularorplural:
.WewisheachandeveryoneofyouaMerryChristmas.
Allismoreoftenusedwithpluralverbforms,thoughsometimesitisusedwithsingularverbs.However,ifwewishtospecifythethingsorpeopleunderdiscussion,wecanuseallorallofwithnounsandpronounsandthecorrespondinglycorrectsingularorpluralverbforms.
e.g.Hasall(of)thecakebeeneaten?
Haveall(of)thepresentsbe