河北省唐山市玉田县高考英语二轮复习 阅读理解练习4.docx
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河北省唐山市玉田县高考英语二轮复习阅读理解练习4
唐山市玉田县2016高考英语阅读理解二轮练习(4)
[社会生活型阅读理解
(二)]
An“applepolisher”isonewhogivesgiftstowinfriendshiporspecialtreatment.Itisnotexactlyabribe(贿赂),butisclosetoit.
Allsortsofpeopleare“applepolishers”,includingpoliticiansandpeopleinhighoffices—justabouteverybody.OliverCromwell,thegreatEnglishleader,offeredmanygiftstowinthesupportofGeorgeFoxandhisparty,butfailed.
Thereareotherphrasesmeaningthesamethingas“applepolishing”—“softsoaping”or“butteringup”.Agiftisjustonewayto“softsoap”somebody,orto“butterhimup”.Anotherthatisjustaseffectiveisflattery,givingsomeonehighpraise—tellinghimhowgoodhelooks,orhowwellhespeaks,orhowtalentedandwiseheis.
Endlessarethewaysofflattery.Whodoesnotlovetohearit?
Onlyanunusualmancanresistthethrillofbeingtoldhowwonderfulheis.Intruth,flatteryisgoodmedicineformostofus,whogetsolittleofit.
Weneedittobemoresureofourselves.Itcannothurtunlesswegetcarriedawaybyit.Butifwejustlapitupforitsgoodvalueandnourishment,asacatlapsupmilk,thenwecanstillremaintruetoourselves.
Sometimes,however,flatterywillgetyounothingfromonewhohashadtoomuchofit.Agoodexampleisthefamous12thcenturylegendofKingCanuteofDenmarkandEngland.Thekinggottiredoflisteningtoendlesssickeningflatteryofhiscourtiers(朝臣).Theyoverpraisedhimtotheskies,asamanoflimitlesspower.
Hedecidedtoteachthemalesson.Hetookthemtotheseashoreandsatdown.Thenheorderedthewavestostopcomingin.Thetidewastoobusytolistentohim.Thekingwassatisfied.Thismightshowhisfollowershowweakhispowerwasandhowemptytheirflatterywas.
1.Whichofthefollowingactivitieshasnothingtodowith“applepolishing”?
A.Aboytellshisgirlfriendhowprettyshelooks.
B.Anemployeetellsherbosshowgoodheisatmanagement.
C.Aknightissaidtobeoflimitlesspowerbyhisfollowers.
D.Ateacherpraisesherstudentsfortheirtalentandwisdom.
2.WhatdoesthewriterwanttoprovewithCromwell'sexample?
A.Everybodycanbean“applepolisher”.
B.Cromwellwasnotagood“applepolisher”.
C.GeorgeFoxandhispartywerenot“applepolishers”.
D.Therearepeoplewhodon'tlikebeing“applepolished”.
3.WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutflatteryisTRUEaccordingtotheauthor?
A.Toomuchflatterycancarryusaway.
B.Flatteryistooemptytodopeopleanygood.
C.Flatterycangetyounothingbutexcessive(过度的)pride.
D.Flatteryisoneofthewaystoapplepolishpeople.
4.WhydidKingCanuteofDenmarkandEnglandtakehisfollowerstotheseashore?
A.Becausehewassickofhisnormallife.
B.Becausehedislikedbeingoverpraisedanymore.
C.Becausehewantedthemtorealizehowwisehewas.
D.Becausehewantedthemtoseehowweakhewasasaking.
5.Whodoestheauthorthinkthatflatterycandogoodto?
A.Thosewhoarepoliticiansorinhighoffices.
B.Thosewholackconfidence.
C.Thosewhoarereallyexcellent.
D.Thosewhothinkhighlyofthemselves.
【参考答案解析】B
【要点综述】本文论述了现代社会存在的一种普遍现象:
人们往往为了自己的一点儿利益去送礼或者说一些阿谀奉承的话,而且有时即使这样做了也未必就能实现自己的愿望。
1.D 根据“An‘applepolisher’isonewhogivesgiftstowinfriendshiporspecialtreatment.”可知选D项。
2.A 根据第二段“Allsortsofpeopleare‘applepolishers’,includingpoliticiansandpeopleinhighoffices—justabouteverybody.OliverCromwell,thegreatEnglishleader,offeredmanygiftstowinthesupportofGeorgeFoxandhisparty,butfailed.”可知高层的领导者都可能是拍马屁的人,可以想象每个人都可能是这种人。
故选A项。
3.D 根据第一段“An‘applepolisher’isonewhogivesgiftstowinfriendshiporspecialtreatment.”和第三段“Agiftisjustonewayto‘softsoap’somebody,orto‘butterhimup’.Anotherthatisjustaseffectiveisflattery…”可知选D项。
4.B 根据第六段“Thekinggottiredoflisteningtoendlesssickeningflatteryofhiscourtiers(朝臣).”可知国王厌烦了朝臣的阿谀奉承,故选B项。
5.B 根据第四段“Intruth,flatteryisgoodmedicineformostofus,whogetsolittleofit.”以及第五段“Weneedittobemoresureofourselves.Itcannothurtunlesswegetcarriedawaybyit.”可知,阿谀奉承对于缺乏自信的人是有好处的。
故选B项。
[社会生活型阅读理解
(二)]
Somesayeverydaymiracles(奇迹)arepredestined(注定的)—therighttimefortheappointedmeeting.Anditcanhappenanywhere.
11yearoldKevinStephenwasabatboyforhisyoungerbrother'sLittleLeagueteaminLancaster,NewYork.ItwasanearlyeveninginlateJuly.Kevinwasstandingonthegrassawayfromtheplate,whereanotheryoungsterwaswarmingupforthenextgame.Swinginghisbatbackandforth,givingitallthepoweranelementaryschoolkidcouldgive,theboybroughtthebatbackhardandhitKevininthechest.Hisheartstopped.
WhenKevinfelltotheground,themotherofoneoftheplayersrushedoutofthestandstohisaid.PennyBrownhadn'tplannedtobetherethatday,butatthelastminute,hershift(换班)atthehospitalhadbeenchangedtoseeherson'sperformance.Shewasgiventhenightoff.Pennybentoverthesenselessboy,hisfacealreadystartingtoturnblue,andgivingCPR,breathingintohismouthandgivingchestcompressions.Andherevivedintheend.
Afterhisrecovery,hebecameavolunteerjuniorfirefighter,learningsomeoftheemergencyfirstaidtechniquesthathadsavedhislife.Hestudiedhardinschoolandwassavingmoneyforcollegebyworkingasadishwasherinalocalrestaurantinhissparetime.
Kevin,now18,wasworkinginthekitchenwhenheheardpeoplescreaming,customersinconfusion,employeesrushingtowardsatable.Hehurriedintothemainroomandsawawomanthere,herfaceturningblue,herhandsatherthroat.Shewaschoking.
QuicklyKevinsteppedbehindher,wrappedhisarmsaroundherandclaspedhishands.Then,usingskillshe'dfirstlearnedinScouts.Thefoodthatwastrappedinthewoman'sthroatwasfreed.Thecolourbegantoreturntoherface.
“Thefoodwasstuck.Icouldn'tbreathe,”shesaid.Shethoughtshewasdying.“Iwasveryfrightened.”
Whowasthewoman?
PennyBrown.
1.Theauthorwrotethepassagetoshowusthat________.
A.miraclesarepredestinedandtheycanhappenanywhere
B.whoeverhelpsyouintroublewillgetarewardoneday
C.Godwillhelpthosewhogiveothersahelpinghand
D.miracleswon'tcomewithoutanydifficultysometimes
2.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEofKevinStephen?
A.Hewashitonthefacebyaboyandalmostlosthislife.
B.Hewasavolunteerjuniorfirefighter,teachingtheplayersfirstaidskills.
C.Heworkedparttimeinalocalrestauranttosavemoneyforcollege.
D.HesavedPennyBrownthoughhedidn'treallyknowhowtodealwithfoodchoke.
3.WhydidPennyBrownchangehershiftandwasgiventhenightoffthatnight?
A.Shewasinvitedtogivetheplayersdirections.
B.Shevolunteeredtogivemedicalservices.
C.Shewasalittleworriedabouthisson'ssafety.
D.Shecametowatchherson'sgameandcheeredhim.
4.Theunderlinedword“revived”(Paragraph3)mostlikelymeans“________”.
A.camebacktolifeB.becameworse
C.failedD.moved
5.WhenKevinknewthewomanwasPennyBrown,probablyhefirstfelt________.
A.happyB.surprisedC.sadD.worried
(二)
【要点综述】文章通过讲述两个人的互救经历来证明“奇迹是注定的,无处不在”这一观点。
1.A 主旨大意题。
文章第一段点明了本文的写作目的:
奇迹是注定的,无处不在。
下文通过具体讲述两个人的互救经历来证明这一观点。
2.C 正误判断题。
由第四段中“Hestudiedhardinschoolandwassavingmoneyforcollegebyworkingasadishwasherinalocalrestaurantinhissparetime.”可知C项表述正确,符合题意。
3.D 细节理解题。
由第三段中“…butatthelastminute,hershift(换班)atthehospitalhadbeenchangedtoseeherson'sperformance.”可知PennyBrown是为了看她儿子的比赛,为他加油,才换了班。
4.A 词义猜测题。
由前面的句子“Pennybentoverthesenselessboy…”和下一段的“Afterhisrecovery…”可以推出revive的意思为“苏醒,醒了过来”。
5.B 推理判断题。
当Kevin知道PennyBrown正是七年前挽救他生命的那个人时,他的第一感觉应该是“惊讶,意想不到”;再结合本文的写作目的:
奇迹无处不在,可以推出B项为正确答案。
[社会生活型阅读理解
(二)]
Peopleturntomagic(魔力)chieflyasaformofinsurance—thatis,theyuseitalongwithactionsthatactuallybringresults.Forexample,huntersmayuseahuntingcharm(咒语).Buttheyalsousetheirhuntingskillsandknowledgeofanimals.Thecharmmaygivehunterstheextraconfidencetheyneedtohuntevenmoresuccessfullythantheywouldwithoutit.Iftheyshootalotofgame(猎物),theycreditthecharmfortheirsuccess.Manyeventshappennaturallywithoutmagic.Cropsgrowwithoutit,andsickpeoplegetwellwithoutit.Butifpeopleusemagictobringagoodharvestortocureapatient,theymaybelievethemagicwasresponsible.
Peoplealsotendtoforgetmagic'sfailuresandtobeimpressedbyitssurfacesuccesses.Theymayconsidermagicsuccessfulifitappearstoworkonly10percentofthetime.Evenwhenmagicfails,peopleoftenexplainthefailurewithoutdoubtingthepowerofthemagic.Theymaysaythatthemagicianmadeamistakeinrecitingthespellorthatanothermagiciancastamorepowerfulspellagainstthemagician.
Manyanthropologists(人类学家)believethatpeoplehavefaithinmagicbecausetheyfeelaneedtobelieveinit.Peoplemayturntomagictoreducetheirfearanduncertaintyiftheyfeeltheyhavenocontrolovertheoutcomeofasituation.Forexample,farmersuseknowledgeandskillwhentheyplanttheirfields.Buttheyknowthatweather,insects,ordiseasesmightruinthecrops.Sofarmersinsomesocietiesmayalsoplantacharmorperformamagicritetoensureagoodharvest.
1.Fromthepassage,wecanlearnthatthewriterofthepassagemaybe________.
A.ahunterB.afarmer
C.amagicianD.ananthropologist
2.Whichofthefollowingcanbestserveasthetitleofthepassage?
A.MagicandHunting
B.MagicandFarming
C.WhyMagicWorks?
D.WhyPeopleBelieveinMagic?
3.Theunderlinedword“spell”(Paragraph2)mostprobablymeans“________”.
A.magicwordsB.magicevents
C.wordsorexpressionsD.magicians
4.P