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原版拷贝

PoliticalResolution

（Excerpts）

19thCongressofthe

PortugueseCommunistParty

“DemocracyandSocialism–the

valuesof[the]April[1974Revolution]

inthefutureofPortugal”

Almada

30thNovember–2December2012

1

ChapterI

Capitalism'scrisis,theworkers'andpeoples'struggleandthealternative:

socialism

1.1Worlddevelopmentsandthepeoples'struggles

1.2Capitalismanditsdeepeningstructuralcrisis

1.3Intensificationoftheimperialistoffensive

1.4Potentialandprospectsoftheworkers'andpeoples'struggle

1.5Socialism,thealternativetocapitalism

ChapterII

Thenationalsituationandthebreakwithrightwing

policies

2.1.Rightwing

policiesandthecountry'ssituation

2.2.TheevolutionoftheEuropeanUnion–aprocessthatisjeopardising

Portugal'snationalinterestsanddevelopment

ChapterIV

TheParty

4.1.CommunistIdentity,thePartyProgrammeandConstitution

4.2.Anintense,militantandcoherentactivity

4.3.StrengtheningtheParty:

acomprehensiveandindispensabletask

4.4.Militancy

4.5.Leadership

4.6.Cadres

4.7.Organization

4.8.Politicalactionandlinkswiththemasses

4.9.Ideologicalstruggle

4.10Party

press,informationandpropaganda

4.11–Funds

4.12International

Activity

Closingremark

2

ChapterI

Capitalism'scrisis,theworkers'andpeoples'

struggleandthealternative:

socialism

1.1Worlddevelopmentsandthepeoples'struggles

The19thCongressisbeingheldinacontextthatisparticularlydemanding,complex

andimportantfortheworkers'andpeoples'liberationstruggle.Confirmingthe

prospectsthatwehadoutlinedatthe18thCongress,theinternationalsituationis

characterisedbygreatinstability,uncertaintyandbyanacuteandintensifiedclass

struggle.

AsthePCP,anchoredinitstheoreticalfoundations,haslongsincepredictedand

warned,theintensificationofcapitalism'scrisisliesattheepicentreofmajor

developmentsintheinternationalsituation,whosemainelementandexpressionhas

beentheeruptionofoneofcapitalism'smostacutecyclicalcrisesever.

Imperialism'sfierceoffensive,togetherwithitsviolentresponsetothecapitalistcrisis,

hasbeenmetbyanintensificationofworkers'andpeoples'struggles,andbythe

factthatcountriesandgroupsofnationshaveassertedthemselves,seekingpathsof

developmentoutsidetheframeworkofimperialism'shegemonicdomination.

Majoreconomic,social,politicalandculturalchangesareunderway,withmajor

geo-strategicimplications.Theiroutcomeisasyetdifficulttoestablish.Itwilldepend

onalongandcomplexsetoffactors,including:

thestruggleofpeoplesfortheir

liberationandtodefendtheirsovereigntyandindependence,theroleandliaisonof

thoseStatesthatopposeimperialism,andthekeyroleofstruggleswagedbythe

workingclassandthemassesofthepeople,aswellasthebalanceofforcesbetween

capitalandlabourthatwillemergefromthesestruggles.

Imperialism'soffensivebearswithinitgravedangers.Butatthesametime,the

developmentofthestruggle,andtheexpandingawarenessaboutcapitalism'struenature

–exploitative,aggressive,predatoryandoppressive–revealthatthereisrealpotential

forresistanceagainstimperialismandtodevelopthestruggletoovercome

capitalismthroughrevolution.

Inthemidstofacontextwheremoreandmoreobjectivematerialfactorsfavourthe

developmentofrevolutionarystruggles,theCommunistandrevolutionarymovement

stillexhibits–inspiteofsomeprogressandmorerootinginthemasses–weaknessand

shortcomings.Nowisstillatimeofresistanceandaccumulationofforces.

Thesubjectivefactoroftherevolutionarystruggleisrelativelylagging.This

increasesthecomplexityofthesituation.Moreandmorechallengesareconfrontingthe

forcesofprogress,andespeciallyCommunists.Theynecessitateacarefultheoretical

andpracticaldefinitionofalliances,ofthepaceandstagesinthestruggletoovercome

capitalismthroughrevolutionandtobuildsocialism–thenecessaryandonly

alternativetocapitalism.

Forthisalternativetomaterialise,theworkingpeopleandthemassesofthepeoplehave

akeyroletoplay,withtheirstruggle,participationandcreativity,interconnectedwith

theneedtostrengthentheinternationalCommunistandrevolutionarymovement

and,indialecticalrelationwiththis,tostrengthentheanti-imperialistfront.

3

1.2Capitalismanditsdeepeningstructuralcrisis

Twodecadeshaveelapsedsincesocialism'sdefeatsintheUSSRandEasternEurope.

Imperialism'shegemonicruleispushingtheworldintoacivilisationalregression

ofhistoricproportions,destroyinggainsandrightsachievedbythestruggleof

workersandpeoplesthroughoutthe20thcentury.Itsgoalistoreinstate19th-century

levelsofclassexploitationandnationaloppression.Capitalism'sexploitative,

aggressive,predatoryandoppressivenaturehasbeenexposedfurtherbythedevastating

consequencesofthecrisisofoverproductionandover-accumulationofcapitalthathas

beendraggingonforoverfouryears.

Thesystem'scontradictionsarebecomingmoreprofound,especiallythe

fundamentalcontradictionbetweenthesocialnatureofproductionandtheprivate

natureofappropriationofmeansofproduction.Therelevanceandcorrectnessof

Marxism-Leninism'smainthesesisbeingconfirmedbyevents–specifically,the

tendencyfortherateofprofittofall,somethingthatcapitalismisseekingtocounter

usingallpossiblemeans.Capitalismintensifiesitsexploitationofworkersandpeoples,

fosteringthedevaluationanddestructionofcapital,andincreasinglyresortstofinancial

speculationandthegrowthofmilitarism.

Thiscrisisisverydeep.Itdiffersfrompreviouscyclicaloverproductioncrises

insofarasitspansthewholeworld,itconcurswithotheraspectsofcapitalism's

structuralcrisis,affectingtheenergy,rawmaterials,foodandenvironmentspheres,and

itishappeninginthemidstofmajorshiftsininternationalrelations.

Thecrisisisexposingandexacerbatingcapitalism'sparasiticanddecadentnature–

thusconfirmingitstendencytostagnate.Thisishighlightedbythemajorcapitalist

powers'difficultyinextricatingthemselvesfromtherecessionandstagnationinto

whichtheyhaveplunged.Thefactisthatthecapitalisteconomy'sdegreeof

financialisation,morethanapoliticalchoice,istheresultofhowthecapitalistsystem

operatesinitscurrentstageofdevelopment.

Theconsequencesofthisfinancialisationprocessintheworldeconomyarehuge.The

resultoffinancecapital'shegemonyis,ontheonehand,hugewastageand

destructionofproductiveforces,firstandforemostthemassiveandrising

unemployment,andontheother,thefactthatthebigeconomicandfinancial

conglomeratesareappropriatingthelion'sshareofallsurplusvaluethatis

created.Thisisleadingtoaswiftcentralisationandconcentrationofcapital,toa

weakeningoftheproductivesector,andtoanincreasinglyunevendistributionof

incomebetweencapitalandlabour.

ThroughthespiralsofStateindebtednessandthemechanismsattheirservice–from

ratingsagenciestotheworld-widesystemofoffshorebanking（taxhavens）–theUSA

andotherimperialistpowersaremassivelyplunderingtheworldofthewealththatis

created,andthusimpedingthedevelopmentandsocialprogressofcountriesthatare

formallyindependentbutinactualfactare,toagreaterorlesserextent,beingsubjected

toveritableprocessesofcolonisationbybigcapitalandimperialism.

Thesocialconsequencesoftheeconomicandfinancialcrisis,withtheensuing

destructionofproductiveforcesandtheprocessesofconcentrationand

centralisationofcapital,aredevastating.Capitalismsustainsitsgrowthperiodsby

increasingtheexploitationofworkersandpeoples,andthen,intheperiodsofcrisisthat

4

resultfromitsverynatureandcontradictions,itincreasesthelevelsofexploitationeven

further–aspiralofsocialdevastationandconcentrationofwealth.

Socialpolarisationisbecomingmoreintense.Thecrisishasexposedevenfurtherthe

scandalouscontradictionbetweentheremarkableadvancesofscienceandtechnology,

andthesocialregressionthathassinceintensified.Atthecurrentleveloftheproductive

forces'development,theworldcouldbeinapositiontofeeditsentirepopulation.The

labourtimeneededtoproduceeverythingthatissociallynecessarycouldbe

substantiallyreduced.However,capitalismisseriouslyenhancingtheimbalancesinthe

distributionofwealth,thehunger,poverty,malnutrition,lackofmedicalcareandaccess

tomedication,andinfantmortality.AccordingtotheInternationalLabourOrganisation

（ILO）,unemploymentisaffectingover200millionworkersworldwide,andpovertyis

spreadingevenamongthosewhohavemanagedtokeeptheirjobs.Besidesthehorrible

consequencesofthewarsandmilitaryconflictscausedbyimperialism,thereareglaring

crimesgoingon,inherenttothesystem'sverynature,suchaschildlabour,the

traffickingofhumanbeings,slaveryandsexualexploitation.Lifeexpectancyis

droppinginmanycountries.

Theenvironmentaleffectofcapitalism'sdeepeningstructuralcrisishighlightsthe

unsustainabilityofanorganisationofeconomicproductionbasedonirrational,

intensive,continuousandgrowingcaptureandextractionofabundantflowsof

energyandrawmaterials–fromthetopsoil,thesubsoilandthehydrosphere–guided

bythequestformaximumprofitsandtheincessantaccumulationofcapital.

Eventsaremakingitobviousthatcapitalismisunabletoensuremediumandlong-term

socialandeconomicdevelopmentwhilepreservingn