最新中考初中英语祈使句的五种结构.docx

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最新中考初中英语祈使句的五种结构.docx

最新中考初中英语祈使句的五种结构

中考初中英语祈使句的五种结构

英语中,祈使句是简单句的一种,用来表达请求、命令、叮嘱、邀请、劝告等语气语句。

1祈使句的类型结构

1)祈使句有两种类型,一种是以动词原形开头,在动词原形之前加do(但只限于省略第二人称主语的句子)。

Takethisseat.

Dobecareful.

否定结构:

Don'tmove.

Don'tbelate.

2)第二种祈使句以let开头。

Let的反意疑问句

a.Let's包括说话者

Let'shaveanothertry,shallwe/shan'twe?

=Shallwehaveanothertry?

b.Letus不包括说话者

Letushaveanothertry,willyou/won'tyou?

=Willyoupleaseletushaveanothertry?

否定结构:

Let'snottalkofthatmatter.

Letusnottalkofthatmatter.

2特殊祈使句的结构

1、no+名词或动名词

e.g.Nosmoking.不许吸烟

2、havedone

e.g.Havedonescoldinghim!

不要再责备他了

3、be+形容词或名词

e.g.Becareful!

小心

4、be+过去分词

e.g.Beseated,please!

请坐

5、be+现在分词

祈使句也可以有现在进行时

e.g.Don’tbeleaningoutofthewindow!

请不要将头伸出窗外!

6、do+祈使句

e.g.Dosaveus!

天哪!

7、与附加疑问句连用

e.g.Openthedoor,willyou?

(略缓和)

3否定式祈使句结构

否定式祈使句用法一般是在谓语动词前加donot或don’t(口语中),有时也可用never;若祈使句有主语,否定词don’t或never要置于主与之前,不可用donot。

例:

Donotcomeinunlessasked.非请莫入

Don’tmarryanobodylikeBill不要嫁给像BILL那样的人

Don’tyoubelieveit.绝不要相信它

Don’tyoueverforgetthelesson.你不要忘了这个教训。

(不能说donot)

Don’tyoufight千万不要打架

4let引导的祈使句结构

1、let的宾语可以是me,us,him,her,it,them或名词,但不能使you.letus不同于let’s;letus一般表示请求对方允许自己干某事,通常不包括对方you;let相当于allow,意为pleaseallowus;let’s通常用于提议,us包括对方you,比如Let’sgo。

2、let祈使句只能用在一般现在时,但可以有被动语态

Let’snotbeinsuchahurry.咱们不要那么匆忙

Letallthechildrenbewelleducated.让所有的孩子都得到良好的教育。

5无动词祈使句结构

一般来说,无动词祈使句用于某些口号,告示等。

虽为只言片语,却简单明了。

Patience!

耐心点

Danger!

危险

Poison!

有毒!

一、英语阅读理解专项练习试卷

1.阅读理解

   Thatyear,IwasaJunior2student.Fallingoffthestairshurtmeinthehead.AlmosteveryonethoughtIwasdead.Buttheywerewrong.However,itwasdifficulttogetbacktonormal(正常的)life.Ihadtoleaveschoolandlearneverything,walking,talking,andyes,maths.

   Tohelpmewiththattask,Mrs.Pillarvolunteeredtocometothehospitalandlatertomyhouseonceaweek.Webeganwithbasicmathsskills.Astimepassedby,Imadeprogress.

   IrememberedveryvividlyhowshecametomyhomeonSundays,satwithmeatthekitchentable,andthrewdifferentcoinsonthetalbe.Sheaskedmetoshowher38cents,17cents,63cents.Itwaschallenging,butshealsomadeitfun.

   Afterayearandahalf,Ihadprogressedalot,bothinbodyandmind,toreturntoschool.Sevenyearslater,IgraduatedfromtheUniversityofTexasatthetopofmyclass.

   Asyearwentby,IalwayskeptintouchwithMrs.Pillar.Unluckily,onedaymyparentstoldmethatMrs.Pillarhadbeeninhospitalbecauseshesufferedastroke(中风).

   Nowitwasmyturntohelpher.Mrs.Pillarlayinbed,unabletospeakandknowanybodyaround.Ipulledsomecoinsoutofmypocket,droppedthemonherbed,andaskedhertoshowme12cents.ThenursethoughtthatmyactionwasverystrangeuntilonedayMrs.PillarsmiledhappilyasIbeganworkingwithher—justasshehadworkedwithmyyearsbefore.ShemakeprogresseverydayandwasmovedoutofICU(重症监护室)andfinallyoutofhospital.

   Oneday,IcalledtowishherahappyNewYear.Shespokeintothephoneexcitedly,“HappyNewYeartoyouandyourfamily,Michael.Thankyouforeverythingyou'vedoneforme.”Iquicklysaid,“Thankyouforeverythingyou'vedoneforme.”

   Mrs.PillarwasoneofmyJunior2teachers,butshetaughtmesomuchmoreaboutlifethanonlymaths.

(1)Whichofthefollowingisthecorrectorderofwhathappenedinthestory?

a.Mrs.Pillarsufferedastrokeandwasinhospital.

b.Ifelloffthestairsandhadtoleaveschool.

c.IreturnedtoschoolwithMrs.Pillar'shelp.

d.Mrs.Pillargotbetterwithmyhelp.

A. b-c-d-a                             

B. c-a-b-d                             

C. b-c-a-d                             

D. b-d-c-a

(2)Whatdoestheunderlinedword“vividly”meaninParagraph(段落)3?

A. 模糊的                                

B. 清晰地                                

C. 彻底地                                

D. 感激地

(3)Whatdoesthewritermeanbysaying“…IgraduatedfromtheUniversityofTexasatthetopofmyclass”inParagraph4?

A. Hewascleverthanhisclassmates.                 

B. Heworkedveryhardonmaths.

C. Hisclassmatesfailedtograduate.                  

D. Mrs.Pillar'shelpgreatlyinfluencedhim.

(4)ThewriteraskedMrs.Pillartoshowhim12centsinthehospitalinorderto______.

A. helpMrs.PillarjustasMrs.Pillarhelpedhim         

B. playaninterestinggamewithMrs.Pillar

C. seewhetherMrs.Pillarwasgettingbetter         

D. makethenurseinthehospitalfeelstrange

(5)Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?

A. AGreatTeacher                                                B. AlwaysHaveADream

C. NeverGiveup                                                   D. KindnessMakesWonders

【答案】

(1)C

(2)B

(3)D

(4)A

(5)D

【解析】【分析】大意:

本文作者讲述初中老师皮勒夫人帮助自己,后来他又帮助皮勒夫人的故事。

这个故事告诉人们“善良可以创造奇迹”的道理。

(1)细节理解题。

根据第一段第二句Fallingoffthestairshurtmeinthehead.(b)、第四段第一句Afterayearandahalf,Ihadprogressedalot,bothinbodyandmind,toreturntoschool(c)、第五段Unluckily,onedaymyparentstoldmethatMrs.Pillarhadbeeninhospitalbecauseshesufferedastroke(中风)(a)、第六段最后ShemakeprogresseverydayandwasmovedoutofICU(重症监护室)andfinallyoutofhospital.和第七段得知Mrs.Pillargotbetterwithmyhelp.(d)可知,事件顺序为b-c-a-d。

故选C。

(2)词义猜测题。

根据 IrememberedveryvividlyhowshecametomyhomeonSundays,satwithmeatthekitchentable,andthrewdifferentcoinsonthetalbe.可知,我清楚地记得她是怎样在星期天来我家的,和我一起坐在餐桌旁,把不同的硬币扔在桌子上的,可推知vividly意为清楚地。

故选B。

(3)推理判断题。

根据作者从无法正常生活到“IgraduatedfromtheUniversityofTexasatthetopofmyclass.可知,作者以优异的成绩从大学毕业,说明Pillar老师的帮助对作者的影响极大。

故选D。

(4)推理判断题。

根据第三段最后一句Sheaskedmetoshowher38cents,17cents,63cents.Itwaschallenging,butshealsomadeitfun.可知,作者让皮勒夫人在医院里给他展示12美分来帮助皮勒夫人,就像皮勒夫人帮助他一样。

故选A。

(5)主旨大意题。

本文作者讲述初中老师皮勒夫人帮助自己,后来他又帮助皮勒夫人的故事。

这个故事告诉人们善良可以创造奇迹的道理,因而KindnessMakesWonders符合文意。

故选D。

【点评】考查阅读理解,首先快速浏览、分析问题,抓住关键词;其次带着问题通读全文,了解文章大意,找到依据,确定答案;最后再检查一遍,确保答案正确。

2.阅读下面短文,根据短文内容判断句子正误。

DearDr.Green,

   Myrelationshipwithmymotherisworseandworsenow.Itseemsshe'snevertiredoftalking.Shetalkshereandthere,dayandnight.Moreseriously,Ifeellikewedon'thavemuchincommon.Shedoesn'talwaysunderstandwhatI'mtryingtosay.WhatshouldIdo?

Yours,

Jim

DearJim,

   Iknowhowyoufeel.It'snoteasybeingyourage.Andit'snoteasybeingamother,either.

   It'scommonforkidstohavetroubletalkingwithparents,andtalkativemothersarenotnewtoteenagers.Butremember,she'snagging(唠叨)youbecauseshejustwantswhat'sbestforyou.Talkingisherwaytoshowloveandcare.Andshealsowantstoknowmoreaboutyou.Afteraday'swork,she'stired,too.Butshewillneverbetiredofcaringaboutyou.Kidsshouldlearntounderstandandcareaboutparents.

   Inmyopinion,it'shelpfultoshareschoollifewithher.Then,youtalkandshelistens.Doingsomehouseworktogetherwithherisanothergoodwayforyoutwotoknoweachotherbetter.Andifpossible,oftentellheryourfeelingsaboutthethingsaroundyou.Alwayskeepinmind:

bepoliteandpatient.

Yours,

Dr.Green

(1)JimwrotetoDr.Greenbecausehehadtroublegettingonwithhisfriends.

(2)InJim'seyes,hismotherdoesn'talwaysunderstandwhathe'stryingtosay.

(3)Dr.Greenthinksit'scommonforkidstohavetroubletalkingwiththeirparents.

(4)InDr.Green'sopinion,talkingisawayformotherstorelaxafteraday'swork.

(5)Dr.Greenexplainsthreereasonsformom'snaggingandoffersthreesuggestions.

【答案】

(1)0

(2)1

(3)1

(4)0

(5)1

【解析】【分析】主要讲了Jim给格林先生介绍自己的问题是与妈妈的关系越来越糟,格林先生给Jim回复告诉他解决办法。

(1)细节题。

根据Myrelationshipwithmymotherisworseandworsenow.可知Jim和妈妈的关系越来越糟,而不是朋友,故选错误。

(2)细节题。

根据Shedoesn'talwaysunderstandwhatI'mtryingtosay.可知Jim认为妈妈不理解Jim说的,故选正确。

(3)细节题。

根据It'scommonforkidstohavetroubletalkingwithparents可知对于孩子们来说和父母交流有困难是普遍的,故选正确。

(4)细节题。

根据Afteraday'swork,she'stired,too.Butshewillneverbetiredofcaringaboutyou.可知文章没说交流是放松的一种方法,故选错误。

(5)细节题。

根据第二段可知讲了三个原因:

父母想给孩子最好的,展示爱和关心,想更多了解你。

第三段讲了三个方法:

分享学校生活,做家务,告诉父母自己的情感,故选正确。

【点评】考查阅读理解,主要考查细节题,注意从文中仔细寻找答案。

3.阅读理解

   Maybewethreewerethemostunluckygraduatesinourschoolhistory.I'llneverforgetthedaywhenwehadourgraduationceremony(毕业典礼).

   Iwasknownforbeingcareless.Ioftenfelldownfornoreason.SinceIfelloffthestage(舞台)duringmyPrimaryGraduationCeremony,myfamilybet(打赌)thatIwouldfalldownagainduringmynextgraduationceremony.Thedaycamesoquickly.Thistime,Iproudlymadeitthroughthewholeceremonywithoutfalling.butIknockedoverthewholebackdrop(背景板)usedtotakepicturesforgraduates!

Ifeltsoembarrassed(尴尬的)thewholemorning.

   MyfriendJuliawasevenmoreembarrassed.Whenshetogetherwithallthegraduateswassittingquietlyinthehallateightinthemorning,shedidn'texpectherfathertocometoattendherceremonybecausehewasreallybusythen.Thehallwasveryquietandyoucouldevenhearapin(针)dropontheground.Whenallofasudden,outofthesilence,sheheard"Hey,

   Julia!

"EveryoneinthehalllookedbehindandfoundJulia'sfather,withacamerainhishand,smilingather!

   Tiffanywasthemostbeautifulgirlofusthree.Shelovedallkindsofdresses.Onthatday,shedressedherselfbeautifullyandwantedtohavesomebeautifulphotos.Unluckily,itwasoneofthewindiestdaysofourlife.Thewindblewherbeautifuldressupinfrontofthewholegraduateclass!

Shedidn'tknowwhethertocryorlaugh.

   Lucky?

Unlucky?

Solucky!

Allofthesebecametheunforgettablepartofourlife!

(1)Thewriterwasvery      inherdailylife.

A. careless                               

B. careful                               

C. friendly            

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