中考英语总复习所有时态讲解练习学案无答案.docx
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中考英语总复习所有时态讲解练习学案无答案
时态
初中英语中常用的时态有一般现在时,现在进行时,一般过去时,现在完成时,一般将来时,过去进行时,过去完成时,过去将来时等八种时态。
一.一般现在时的用法
一)定义:
1)经常性或习惯性的动作,常与表示频度的时间状语如always,often,usually,sometimes,never,every...等连用。
E.g.Ileavehomeforschoolat7everymorning.
Sheusuallygoestoschoolbybike,butsometimesshewalks.
2)客观真理,客观存在,科学事实。
Theearthmovesaroundthesun.
ShanghailiesintheeastofChina.
注意:
此用法如果出现在宾语从句中,即使主句是过去时,从句谓语也要用一般现在时。
例:
Ourteachertoldusthattheearthisround.
3)现在时刻的状态、能力、性格、个性。
Idon'twantsomuch.
AnnWangwritesgoodEnglishbutdoesnotspeakwell.
Dannylikeseatingdonutsverymuch.
二)动词的形式:
1.一般现在时态的动词常用原形,但当主语是第三人称单数时,动词用第三人称单数形式。
E.g.I\You\We\They\LiMingandWangMeilikesportsverymuch.
He\She\Kate\Myfather\Hisunclelikessportsverymuch.
2.动词的第三人称单数形式的构成:
1)一般在词尾加-s清辅音后读作,浊辅音和元音后读作[z]。
如:
help(helps),play(plays)
2)以s,x,ch,sh结尾的词,在词尾加-es,原词尾已有e,一般只加-s,读作[iz]。
如:
watch(watches),wash(washes),pass(passes),fix(fixes),close(closes)
3)以辅音字母加-y结尾的词,先变y为i,再加-es,读作[iz]。
如:
fly(flies),study(studies),
4)个别不规则的变化:
have(has),do(does),go(goes),are(is).
三)一般正在时的结构:
1.含有be动词或can等情态动词的句子:
Heisateacher. Thegirlisverybeautiful. TimandJackarestudents. Theycanplaytheguitar.
★变疑问句将be动词或can等情态动词移到句首
Isheateacher?
Isthegirlverybeautiful?
AreTimandJackstudents?
Cantheyplaytheguitar?
★变否定句在be动词或can等情态动词后面加not
Heisnotateacher.Thegirlisnotverybeautiful.TimandJackarenotstudents.Theycan’tplaytheguitar.
★肯定回答及否定回答
Yes,heis.\No,heisnot.Yes,sheis.\No,sheisnot.Yes,theyare.\No,theyarenot.Yes,theycan.\No,theycan’t.
2.不含有be动词或can等情态动词的句子,即含有一般动词的句子:
a.主语是第三人称单数及单数名词时
Helikesbooks.Shelikeshim.Thedoglikesbones.
★变疑问句在句首加does,动词变为原型;
Doeshelikebooks?
Doesshelikehim?
Doesthedoglikebones?
★变否定句在主语及动词之间加doesn’t,动词变为原型
Hedoesn’tlikebooks.Shedoesn’tlikehim.Thedogdoesn’tlikebones.
★肯定回答及否定回答:
Yes,hedoes.\No,hedoesn’t.Yes,shedoes.\No,shedoesn’tYes,itdoes.\No,itdoesn’t.
b.主语是其他人称及复数名词时
Iwanttohaveabath.Wehavesomemeat.Thestudentslikesmartteachers.
★变疑问句在句首加do
Doyouwanttohaveabath?
Dowehaveanymeat?
Dothestudentslikesmartteachers?
★变否定句在主语和动词之间加don’t.
Youdon’twanttohaveabath.Wedon’thaveanymeat.Thestudentsdon’tlikesmartteachers.
★肯定回答及否定回答
Yes,Ido.\No,Idon’t.Yes,wedo.\No,wedon’tYes,theydo.\No,theydon’t.
练习:
一、单项选择题
1.Jenny____inanoffice.Herparents____inahospital.
A.work works B.workswork
C.work areworking D.isworking work
2.Oneoftheboys_____ablackhat.
A.have B.thereis C.thereare D.has
3.Wewillgoshoppingifit____tomorrow.
A.don'train B.didn'train
C.doesn'train D.isn'train
4.Hesaidthesun____intheeastand____inthewest.
A.rose;set B.rises;sets
C.rises;set D.rise;sets
5.WangMei____musicandoften____tomusic.
A.like;listen B.likes;listens
C.like;arelistening D.liking;listen
6.Jenny____Englisheveryevening.
A.hasstudy B.studies C.study D.studied
7._____MikefromJapan?
A.Are B.Do C.Does D.Is
8._____youcomefromJapan?
A.Are B.Do C.Does D.Is
9.Whatlanguagedoyou_______?
A.sayB.talkC.tellD.speak
10.Theelephantlikes______herfriendsand_____grass.
A.playwith;eat B.playwith;eats
C.toplaywith;eat D.toplaywith;eats
二、所给动词的正确形式填空
1.IcantakeLiMingtherewhenhe_____(come)tovisit.
2._____yoursister_____(know)English?
3.Herhome____(be)awayfromherschool.
4.Thepot_____(notlook)likeyoursverymuch.
5.Where_____you____(have)luncheveryday?
6.Who_____(want)togoswimming?
7.______she_____(do)thehouseworkeveryday?
8.JennyandDannyusually______(play)gamesintheafternoon.
9.______you______(like)English?
10.What______hisfather_____(do)?
二.现在进行时
一)定义:
表示现在正在进行的动作。
二)构成:
be(am\is\are)+动词的现在分词。
1.肯定句:
主语+be动词+动词的现在分词+其它成分
Wearehavinglunch. Heisreadingabook. Thedogisrunningafteracat. Theboysareswimmingacrosstheriver.
2.否定句:
肯定句变否定句在be动词后面加not
Wearenothavinglunch. Heisnotreadingabook. Thedogisnotrunningafteracat. Theboysareswimmingacrosstheriver.
3.一般疑问句:
肯定句变疑问句将be动词移到句首与主语对换位置。
Arewehavinglunch?
Ishereadingabook?
Isthedogrunningafteracat?
Aretheboysswimmingacrosstheriver?
4.特殊疑问句:
.
疑问词(what,which,how,where,who)+be动词+主语+现在分词+其它成分?
Whatareyoudoing?
Whatisshedoing?
Whatisthedogdoing?
Whataretheboysdoing?
Whoisswimmingacrosstheriver?
三) 现在进行时的基本用法:
a.表示现在(指说话人说话时)正在发生的事情。
Wearewaitingforyou.
b.习惯进行:
表示长期的或重复性的动作,说话时动作未必正在进行。
Mr.Greeniswritinganothernovel.
(说话时并未在写,只处于写作的状态。
)
SheislearningpianounderMr.Smith.
c.表示渐变的动词有:
get,grow,become,turn,run,go,begin等。
Theleavesareturningred.
It'sgettingwarmerandwarmer.
d.与always,constantly,forever等词连用,表示反复发生的动作或持续存在的状态,往往带有说话人的主观色彩。
Youarealwayschangingyourmind.
四)现在分词的构成:
1.一般情况下,在动词后加-ing构成:
work→working工作sleep→sleeping睡wait→waiting等待
study→studying学习read→reading读talk→talking谈话
2.在不发音的-e结尾动词去掉e后再加-ing:
smile→smiling微笑move→movingwrite→writing写
但是,若是发音的e结尾,则不能去e:
see→seeing看见agree→agreeing同意
3.以重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母动词,要双写末尾的辅音字母再加-ing:
sit→sitting坐plan→planning计划swim→swimming游泳
4.以字母ie结尾的动词,通常将ie改为y,再加ing:
die→dying死lie→lying躺
【注】①以字母l结尾动词,若末尾一个音节为重读音节,则必须双写l再加ing,如control/controlling,但若末尾一个音节为非重读音节,则可双写l(英国英语)或不双写l(美国英语),如travel/travel(l)ing。
②名词变复数、形容词和副词变比较级和最高级、动词变过去式和过去分词等都有“改y规则”,但动词的现在分词没有“改y规则”。
练习:
一、按要求改写句子
1. Theboyisplayingbasketball.
否定句:
____________________________
一般疑问句:
_________________________
肯定回答:
__________________________否定回答:
__________________________
对“Theboy”提问:
__________________________
2.造句:
1).she,thewindow,open,now.(用现在进行时连词成句.)_____________________
2).is,who,thewindow,cleaning?
(连词成句)______________________
3).Sheisclosingthedoornow.(改成否定句)______________________
4.)Youaredoingyourhomework.(用"I"作主语改写句子)______________________
5).they,thetree,sing,now,under.(用现在进行时连词成句.)____________________
6).TheYoungPioneersarehelpingtheoldwoman.(改成一般疑问句)__________
二、单项选择
()1.我在照看孩子.
(A)Iamlookingafterthebaby.(B)I'mlookafteringthebaby.
(C)Ilookamafteringthebaby.(D)Ilookingafterthebaby.
()2._____friend'smaking______akite.
(A)I,me(B)My,my(C)My,me(D)His,his
()3.Isthewoman______yellowyourteacher?
(A)in(B)puttingon(C)wearing(D)having
()4.Look!
Thetwins_____theirmotherdothehousework.
(A)arewanting(B)help(C)arehelping(D)arelooking
()5._____arethebirdsdoing?
Theyaresinginginatree.
(A)Who(B)What(C)How(D)Where
()6.Isshe____something?
(A)eat(B)eating(C)eatting(D)eats
()7.你在干什么?
(A)Whatisyoudoing?
(B)Whatareyoudo?
(C)Whatareyoudoing?
(D)Whatdoyoudo?
()8.Whatareyoulistening_____?
(A)/(B)for(C)at(D)to
()9.我正在听他说话.
(A)Ilisteningtohim.(B)I'mlisteningtohim.
(C)I'mlistentohim.(D)I'mlisteninghim.
()10.Theyare_____theirclothes.
(A)makeing(B)putting(C)putaway(D)puttingon
()11.Listen!
She____intheclassroom.
(A)issinging(B)sing(C)tosing(D)issing
()12.TodayJim______hiswhiteshirtandbrowntrousers.
(A)isputtingon(B)wear(C)puton(D)iswearing
()13.______areyoueating?
I'meating______meat.
(A)What,some(B)Which,any(C)Where,not(D)What,a
()14.They______TVintheevening.Theydotheirhomework.
(A)arewatching(B)can'twatching(C)don'twatch(D)don'twatching
()15.Thechildren_____football.
(A)isplaying(B)areplaying(C)playthe(D)playa
()16.Theyareflyingkites.
(A)他们喜欢放风筝.(B)他们在放风筝吗?
(C)他们在放风筝.(D)他们常放风筝.
()17.Look,Theyareswimmingintheriver.
Iwant_____you.
(A)togowith(B)gowith(C)helping(D)help
()18.Look.Lucyis_____anewbiketoday.
(A)jumping(B)running(C)riding(D)takeing
三.一般将来时
一.定义:
表示将来将要发生的动作,经常和tomorrow,nextyear,thedayaftertomorrow,theyearafterthenext,infivehours’time,etc.表示将来的词联用。
二.结构:
1.主语+助动词will+动词原形+其它。
IwillgotoAmericatomorrow.
ThepilotwillflytoJapanthemonthafterthenext.
Jackwillmoveintohisnewhousetomorrowmorning.
★变疑问句将助动词移到句首
WillyougotoAmericatomorrow?
WillthepilotflytoJapanthemonthafterthenext?
WillJackmoveintohisnewhousetomorrowmorning?
★变否定句在助动词后面加not
IwillnotgotoAmericatomorrow.
ThepilotwillnotflytoJapanthemonthafterthenext.
Jackwillnotmoveintohisnewhousetomorrowmorning
★肯定回答及否定回答
Yes,Iwill.No,Iwillnot.
Yes,he/shewill.No,he/shewillnot.
Yes,hewill.No,hewillnot.
★特殊疑问句:
Whatwillyoudotomorrow?
WhenwillthepillotflytoJapan?
Wherewilljackmovetomorrowmorning?
2.主语+be(am\is\are)+goingto+动词原形+其它。
a.主语的意图,即将做某事。
Whatareyougoingtodotomorrow?
b.计划,安排要发生的事。
Theplayisgoingtobeproducednextmonth。
c.有迹象要发生的事
Lookatthedarkclouds,thereisgoingtobeastorm.
例:
IamgoingtogotoAmericatomorrow.
ThepilotisgoingtoflytoJapanthemonthafterthenext.
Jackisgoingtomoveintohisnewhousetomorrowmorning.
★变疑问句将be动词移到句首
AreyougoingtogotoAmericatomorrow?
IsthepilotgoingtoflytoJapanthemonthafterthenext?
IsJackgoingtomoveintohisnewhousetomorrowmorning?
★变否定句在助动词后面加not
IamnotgoingtogotoAmericatomorrow.
ThepilotisnotgoingtoflytoJapanthemonthafterthenext.
Jackisnotgoingtomoveintohisnewhousetomorrowmorning
★肯定回答及否定回答
Yes,Iam.No,Iamnot.
Yes,he/sheis.No,he/sheisn’t.
★特殊疑问句:
Whatareyougoingtodotomorrow?
WhenisthepillotgoingtoflytoJapan?
Whereisjackgoingtomovetomorrowmorning?
3.一般将来时还可用“shall+动词原形”表示,只用于第一人称,在肯定句中常被will所代替,但在疑问句中不能代替。
例:
Ishallplayfootballafters