考研英语段落排序题全真模拟练习一.docx
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考研英语段落排序题全真模拟练习一
考研英语段落排序题全真模拟练习一
Directions:
Thefollowingparagraphsaregiveninawrongorder.ForQuestions41-45,youarerequiredtoreorganizetheseparagraphsintoacoherentarticlebychoosingfromthelistA-Etofillineachnumberedbox.ThefirstandthelastparagraphshavebeenplacedforyouinBoxes.MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1.
[A]OnthefirstMondayafterthesecondWednesdayinDecember,theelectorswhohavebeenchoseninNovemberassembleintheirrespectivestatecapitalstosignaltheirpreference.Thefuturepresidentandvice-presidentmustreceiveatleast270electoralvotes,amajorityofthetotalof538,towin.Membersoftheelectoralcollegehavethemoral,butnotthelegal,obligationtovoteforthecandidatewhowonthepopularvoteintheirstate.Thismoralimperative,plusthefactthatelectorsaremembersofthesamepoliticalpartyasthepresidentialcandidatewinningthepopularvote,ensuresthattheoutcomeintheelectoralcollegeisavalidreflectionofthepopularvoteinNovember.
[B]Itisevenpossibleforsomeonetowinthepopularvote,yetlostthepresidencytoanothercandidate.How?
Ithastodowiththeelectoralcollege.
[C]TheelectoralcollegewascreatedinresponsetoaproblemencounteredduringtheConstitutionalConventionof1787,wheredelegatesweretryingtodeterminethebestwaytochoosethepresident.TheframersoftheConstitutionintendedthattheelectors,abodyofmenchosenfortheirwisdom,shouldcometogetherandchooseonbehalfofthepeople.Infact,theswiftriseofpoliticalpartiesguaranteedthattheelectoralofthepeople.Infact,theswiftriseofpoliticalguaranteedthattheelectoralsystemneverworkedastheframershadintended;instead,nationalparties,i.e.nationwidealliancesoflocalinterests,quicklycametodominatetheelectioncampaigns.Theelectorsbecamemerefigureheadsrepresentingthestatebranchesofthepartieswhogotthemchosen,andtheirvoteswerepredeterminedandpredictable.
[D]Howaretheelectorschosen?
Althoughthereissomevariationamongstatesinhowelectorsareappointed,generallytheyarechosenbythepopularvote,alwaysonthefirstTuesdayafterthefirstMondayinNovember.Eachpoliticalpartyinastatechoosesastateoflocalworthiestobemembersoftheelectoralcollegeiftheparty’spresidentialcandidatewinsatleastapluralityofthepopularvoteinthestate.
[E]Howisthenumberofelectorsdecided?
EverystatehasoneelectorforeachsenatorandrepresentativeitsendstoCongress.Stateswithgreaterpopulationsthereforehavemoreelectorsintheelectoralcollege.Allstateshaveatleast3electors,butCalifornia,themostpopulousstate,has54.TheDistrictofColumbia,thoughnotastate,isalsoallowedtosendthreeelectors.
[F]Howcanonewinthepopularvoteyetlosethepresidency?
Let’ssimplifyforthesakeofargument:
imaginethatinsteadof50statesAmericahadonlytwo.CaliforniaandMontana.NowsupposethatcandidateAwinsinCaliforniaby9,000,500votesto9,000,400;the100-votemarginstillgiveshim54electors.ButthencandidateAlosesinMontanaby201,000to205,000,candidateBgetsMontana’selectoralvotes.ThetotalnumberofvotesforAis9,210,500andforB,9,205,400;yetA,with54electoralvotesoutof57,winstheelection!
[G]America’selectiondayis7November.Onthedaycitizenswhowishtowillcasttheirballotsforthepresidentialcandidatetheyprefer.Theresultofthisprocessiscalledthepopularvote,andthesedaysthewinnerofthepopularvoteisusuallyknownshortlyafterthepollsclose.However,notoneofthevotescastonElectionDayactuallygoesdirectlytoaparticularcandidate.
Order:
G→41.→42.→43.→44.→45.
[试题分析]
这篇文章共分7段,[G]段和[F]段已分别被定为篇首段和篇尾段。
[G]段介绍了美国的大选日,并说每个投票的人都可以把票投给所喜欢的人,这叫普选。
又说在普选中实际上没有一张票是直接投向具体的候选人的。
[F]段解释了为什么会出现假选人在普选中获胜却得不到总统职位的原因,并举了例子加以说明。
从首尾两段可以看出这是一篇介绍美国总统选举的文章,其中解释了一些美国特有的选取举办法。
[G]段末尾说,在普选中,实际上没有一张票是直接投向具体候选人的。
这必然后引起人们的好奇。
[B]段则继续讲了一个更惊人的情况:
某候选人在普选中获胜,但总统宝座却让别人得去了。
显然[B]段是[G]段的继续,所以[B]段排在[G]段后,是41题的答案。
[B]段说,How?
Ithastodowiththeelectoralcollege.[C]段开头说,Theelectoralcollegewascreated…首尾呼应,表示[C]段应接在[B]段后,是42题的答案。
[C]段介绍了electoralcollege(选举团)的情况。
成立选举团的初衷是:
选出一些智囊人士,集中在一起组成选举团代表民意进行总统选举。
实际上选举团从未像宪法制定者们希望的那样运作,他们被一些党派操纵,他们成了各州党派的代言人,他们的选票是预先定好了的。
[E]段进一步讲了选举团的人员构成情总,所以是[C]段的继续,应排在[C]段后,是43题的答案。
[D]段进一步进了选举团成员是怎么选出来的。
他们是由在某州的普选中得票多的总统候选人所在的政党,在该州内挑选出的当地的杰出人换。
显然[D]段应排在[E]段后,是44题的答案。
[A]段讲选举进行的具体情况,及选举中获胜当总统的条件。
[F]段以实便解释了为什么某候选人在普选中获胜却得不到总统职位的原因,也回答了[B]段提出的问题,足以说明[A]段在[F]段前,是45题的答案。
[答案]
41.[B]42.[C]43.[E]44.[D]45.[A]
考研英语段落排序题全真模拟练习二
Directions:
Thefollowingparagraphsaregiveninawrongorder.ForQuestions41-45,youarerequiredtoreorganizetheseparagraphsintoacoherentarticlebychoosingfromthelistA-Etofillineachnumberedbox.ThefirstandthelastparagraphshavebeenplacedforyouinBoxes.MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1.
[A]Asanxiety-makers,examinationsaresecondtonone.Thatisbecausesomuchdependsonthem.Theyarethemarkofsuccessorfailureinoursociety.Yourwholefuturemaybedecidedinonefatefulday.Itdoesn’tmatterthatyouweren’tfeelingverywell,orthatyourmotherdied.Littlethingslikethatdon’tcount;theexamgoeson.Noonecangiveoffhisbestwhenheisinmortalterror,orafterasleeplessnight,yetthisispreciselywhattheexaminationsystemexpectshimtodo.
[B]Theresultsonwhichsomuchdependsareoftennothingmorethanasubjectiveassessmentbysomeanonymousexaminer.Examinersareonlyhuman.Theygettiredandhungry;theymakemistakes.Yettheyhavetomarkstacksofhastilyscrawledscriptsinalimitedamountoftime.Theyworkunderthesamesortofpressureasthecandidates.Andtheirwordcarriesweight.Afterajudge’sdecisionyouhavetherightofappeal,butnotafteranexaminer’s.
[C]Theylowerthestandardsofteaching,fortheydeprivetheteacherofallfreedoms.Teachersthemselvesareoftenjudgedbyexaminationresultsandinsteadofteachingtheirsubjects,theyarereducedtotrainingtheirstudentsinexamtechniqueswhichtheydespise.Themostsuccessfulcandidatesarenotalwaysthebesteducated;theyarethebesttrainedinthetechniqueofworkingunderduress.
[D]Themomentachildbeginsschool,heentersaworldofviciouscompetitionwheresuccessandfailureareclearlydefinedandmeasured.Canwewonderattheincreasingnumberof‘drop-outs’;youngpeoplewhoarewrittenoffasutterfailuresbeforetheyhaveevenembarkedonacareer?
Canwebesurprisedatthesuiciderateamongstudents?
[E]Agoodeducationshould,amongotherthings,trainyoutothinkforyourself.Theexaminationsystemdoesanythingbutthat.Whathastobelearntisrigidlylaiddownbyasyllabus,sothestudentisencouragedtomemorize.Examinationsdonotmotivateastudenttoreadwidely,buttorestricthisreading;theydonotenablehimtoseekmoreandmoreknowledge,butinducecramming.
[F]Theremustsurelybemanysimplerandmoreeffectivewaysofassessingaperson’strueabilities.Isitcynicaltosuggestthatexaminationsaremerelyaprofitablebusinessfortheinstitutionsthatrunthem?
Thisiswhatitboilsdowntointhelastanalysis.Thebestcommentonthesystemisthisilliteratemessagerecentlyscrawledonawall:
“Iwereateenagedrop-outandnowIamateenagemillionaire.”
[G]Wemightmarvelattheprogressmadeineveryfieldofstudy,butthemethodsoftestingaperson’sknowledgeandabilityremainasprimitiveasevertheywere.Itreallyisextraordinarythatafteralltheseyearseducationistshavestillfailedtodeviceanythingmoreefficientandreliablethanexaminations.Forallthepiousclaimthatexaminationstestwhatyouknow,itiscommonknowledgethattheymoreoftendotheexactopposite.Theymaybeagoodmeansoftestingmemory,ortheknackofworkingrapidlyunderextremepressure,buttheycantellyounothingaboutaperson’strueabilityandaptitude.
Order:
G→41.→42.→43.→44.→45.→F
[试题分析]
这篇文章共有7段落,其中[G]和[F]段已分别确定为篇首段和篇尾段。
[G]段说,对研究领域所取得的成果我们都可能发出赞叹,但是测试人的知识和能力的测试仍然像以往那样原始。
令人不可理解的是经过了这么多年教育家们还没有找到更有效、更可靠的方法,仍然依赖测试。
尽管有人声测试是为了测试你所学到的东西,但实际上人们都知道测试的结果适得其反。
从[G]段可以看出作者对测试是否定态度的。
[F]段说,要想测试一个人真正的能力肯定有更为简单、更为有效的方法。
作者甚至认为测试机构举办测试只不过是为了赚钱罢了。
根据首尾两段,可以看出本篇文章是谈论测试,并且作者是不喜欢这种测试形式的,了解了这两点对重新安排段落的次序很在帮助。
[A]段说,测试的最大作用就是制造焦虑,因此测试维系着许多重大事伯,有可能一个人的未来就由几次测试来决定。
不管你当时心情不好,或你的母亲刚刚去世,测试还是照旧进行。
当一个人处于极度恐慌是经历了一个不眠之夜后,他是不可能发挥出最佳水平的。
这一段紧接[G]段,诉说测试的弊端,街接紧密,所以[A]段是41题的答案。
[A]段指出了测试的弊端,下面一段有可能
会继续陈述测试的坏处或缺点,从余下的4段中找到[D]段。
其中说到,孩子们从踏进校门的那一刻起就陷入残酷的竞争。
在这种竞争中,成功和失败界限分明。
对那些还没有开始自己的事业就被社会定为失败的人而辍学,你会感到惊讶吗?
面对居高不下的学生自杀率你会吃惊吗?
[D]段接着数落测试的弊病,所以42题的答案应当是[D]。
[E]段说,一种好的教育应该培养人们的独立思考能力,而测试制度却不是培养学生去独立思考,大纲规定了学生要学的东西,并鼓励学生去死记硬背。
测试限制了学生的阅读量,测试鼓励填鸭式教学。
[C]段说,他们降低了教育水准,因为他们剥夺了教师们的自由。
因为学生的测试成绩也是评判老师教学效果的标准,所以教师不是教授课程,而是把教学简化成训练学生的测试技巧。
结果最成功的应试者不是知识最丰富的人,而是被迫掌握测试技巧最为熟练的人。
[E]段和[C]段以讲教学为主,着墨在教师身上。
很明显[C]段应排在[E]段之后,所以[E]段是43题的答案,[C]段是44题的答案。
[B]段讲,结果至关重要的测试只不过是某个匿名主考官的主观评价。
主考官们也是人,他们会累、会饿,也会出错,但是他们必须在规定的时间内判定写得乱糟糟的试卷。
前面讲了测试、学生、教师,这段讲测试的主考官,最后一段又讲,相信有一种更简单、更有效的测试方法,所以很显然[B]段应该在[F]段之前,所以[B]段应该是45题的答案。
[答案]
41.[A]42.[D]43.[E]44.[C]45.[B]
考研英语段落排序题全真模拟练习三
Directions:
Thefollowingparagraphsaregiveninawrongorder.ForQuestions41—45,youarerequiredtoreorganizetheseparagraphsintoacoherentarticlebychoosingfromthelistA—Etofillineachnumberedbox.ThefirstandthelastparagraphshavebeenplacedforyouinBoxes.MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1.(10points)
[A]“Ijustdon’tknowhowtomotivatethemtodoabetterjob.We’reinabudgetcrunchandIhaveabsolutelynofinancialrewardsatmydisposal.Infact,we’llprobablyhavetolaysomepeopleoffinthenea