华约自主招生6选5英语阅读理解.docx

华约自主招生6选5英语阅读理解.docx

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华约自主招生6选5英语阅读理解

阅读新题型

PassageOne

Althoughtheglobalrecessionisseriousanditsdurationuncertain,theworldmustneverthelesscontinuetofocusonthefar-reachingthreatofclimatechange.Indeed,ifwearesmart,publicpolicycanservethetwingoalsofstimulatinggrowthandfightingglobalwarming.

GovernmentshammeringoutasuccessoragreementtotheKyotoprotocolattheUnitedNationsclimateconferenceinCopenhagenlaterthisyearshouldadoptstrongincentivestocutgreenhousegasemissions.

（1）________________________

Thebroadoutlinesofaneffectiveandefficientresponsetoglobalwarminghavebeenclearforyears.AsystemtocapCO2emissionsandtradeemissionallowanceswouldchannelresourcestowardthemostcost-effectivereductionmeasures.Andwidespreadadoptionofefficiencystandardsforappliances,vehiclesandbuildingswouldhelpcompaniesandindividualsuselessenergy.

（2）_____________Whilethatremainstheultimategoal,ithassofarprovendevilishlycomplextoformulate.Apossiblenextstepwouldbetoformagreementsbetweensmallergroupsofpivotalcountriestocapemissionsfromindividualhigh-emittingsectorsoftheireconomies.（3）______________Sectorstofocusonincludepowergeneration,whichaccountsforabout35%ofglobalCO2emissions,andproductionofcement,chemicals,andsteel.

Involvingalimitednumberofthemostimportantcountrieswouldfacilitateacompromise.Suchdealswouldeaseconcernincompetitiveglobalindustriesthatstrictemissionrulesinoneregionwouldputcompaniesatadisadvantagerelativetorivalsincountrieswithlessstrictpolicies.

ClimatenegotiatorsshouldalsogiveCO2captureandstorage（CCS）highpriority.Whileincreaseduseofrenewableandnuclearenergywillhelpreduceemissions,bythemselvestheywillnotbeabletokeepupwithfast-growingenergydemand.（4）___________________

PolicymakersshouldpromoteCCSinseveralways.First,theymustputapriceonCO2emissions.Theycoulddosobycappingemissionsandcreatingamarketinwhichcompaniescanbuyandsellemissionallowances,asintheEuropeanEmissionsTradingScheme.Second,CCSneedstoberecognizedwithintheKyotoprotocol'sCleanDevelopmentMechanism,throughwhichdevelopedcountriescaninvestinemission-reductionprojectsindevelopingcountries.

Finally,governmentsshouldstimulatethedevelopmentandcommercialdemonstrationoftechnologiesthatholdpromiseforalow-carbonenergyfuture.（5）_________________________

Nooneknowsiftheeconomiccrisiswilllastmonthsoryears.ButagoodoutcomeinCopenhagenwouldservetheworldfordecadestocomebysparkinggrowthandtakingstepstocontrolgreenhousegasemissions.

A.Doingsocouldkick-startprivateinvestmentandhelptofueleconomicrecovery.

B.Suchadealcouldincludemechanismsfortransferringclean-coaltechnologyfromdevelopedcountriestodevelopingones.

C.Thedramaticdropinenergypricesinrecentmonthsmakesitlesslikelythatprivateinvestorswillgambleonunproventechnologies.

D.Suchagreementscouldbeimportantbuildingblocksforabroaderdeal.

E.Fossilfuels,likeitornot,willremaintheworld'smainsourceofenergyfordecades.

F.Untilnow,negotiatorshaveaimedforaglobaldealpalatabletodevelopedanddevelopingcountriesalike.

PassageTwo

Manypeoplegothroughlife'susualphasesofupsanddownswhicharecommonandnormalstagesinlife,butwhenyourself-esteemislow,youmayneedtoknowhowtoboostyourself-esteem,sinceitcanleadtoproblemsyoumaynothavethoughtof.

Self-esteemisthemeasurementorthevalueofhowapersonknowshisworthanditseffectsarelife-changinganddramatic,sinceitmakesupaperson’sattitudeandoutlooktowardslife.

（1）____________Butwhenself-esteemislow,youcaneithersulkandbesadorbeafraidtotryoutnewthingsortakerisksandchanceswithyourlove-life,career,relationshipsandself-improvement.

（2）___________Ournormalresponsestothesecircumstancesandsituationsaregovernedbyhowwevalueourselvesandhowoutdecisionsaredictatedbytheseconditions.

Facedwithtoughdecisionsinlife,themoreself-esteemonehas,thebetter.Itisforthatpersontomakesounddecisions,eveninthefaceofpeerpressureorstressatworkandathome.Letustrytolookintosomeofthecommonandbestpracticeswhichhavebeentriedandtestedtohelpboostself-esteem.

Alwayscomplimentyourselfdaily,especiallybytryingtolookforspecifictasksyoudidwellforthatdayandcongratulateyourselfforit.（3）______Listdownallthingsyouaregoodatdoingandachieving,beitatalent,skill,sportorbuildingupotherpeople.

Youcanaddmorefocustothesegoodpointsandfuelourpassiontodobetterandmakeyounotonlyunderstandyourselfmore,butalsogiveyouthetruemeaningandmeasurementofselfworthandthisishowyouseeyourselfasimportant.

Appreciationofone’sphysicalappearanceandbearingcanalsobeyoursourceofself-esteem,beitthesizeandshapeofyourbody,youroverallphysicalstructureoruniquefeatures.Yourbodycanbeyoursourceofprideandwillhelpyouunderstandhowyouwouldlikeotherstoseeyou,orworkonyourphysicalappearancetoboostself-moraleandsatisfaction.

Sometimeswhenyoutendtoseethingsinadifferentlightorperspectivefromothers,don’tfocustoomuchonmakingsurethatwhatyouthinkwillcausethingstochange.（4）________

Whenyouhavegoodself-esteemyouwillrealizethatwhatyoudidwasrightandwasmadeunderyourownfoodjudgment,soundprinciplesandconceptsbasedonyourpersonaloutlookandattitudetowardslife.

Donotletnegativefeedbackaffectyou.Ofcourse,onecannothelpbutfeelbadaboutnegativecommentsorreactions,butyouhavetoconsiderthatthesearetestsagainstyourcharacterandpersonality.（5）Sotrytolookatyourselfandsee,andifyoufeellessimportantorarenotsatisfiedwithhowyouseeandlookatthings,thenthinkaboutwaysonhowtoboostyourself-esteem.You’llthankyourselfforit.

Nowyoucanunderstandwhythere’sagrowinginterestinself-esteem.Whenpeoplestartlookingformoreinformationaboutself-esteem,you’llbeinapositiontomeettheirneeds.

A.Self-esteemplaysakeyroleinthematurityofaperson,especiallywhentryingtogetawayfromadangeroussituation,goingthroughaseriesoftrialsinlife.

B.Simplyput,self-esteemisthefuelthatmakesyoufeelimportantorlovedbyothers.

C.Moreoftentimesitwillnot,butdon’tletthatcloudyourperceptionaboutyourself.

D.Nowthatwe’vecoveredthoseaspectsofself-esteem,let’sturntosmeoftheotherfactorsthatneedtobeconsidered.

E.Itwillgiveyouaregularmotivationtoworkharderandbettertoimproveyourselfanddevelopyoursenseofmaturityasaperson.

F.Whenyourself-esteemishigh,youarelesslikelytobeaffectedbythesesituations.

PassageThree

Whilemuchofthedebateoneconomicgrowthinrecentyearshasfocusedonitsimpactontheenvironmentandtheabilityofourplanettosustainit,RichardEasterlinhereposesadifferentquestion:

Doeseconomicgrowthbringincreasedhappinessfortheindividual?

Ifso,doesitalsobringincreasedhappinessforsocietyasawhole?

EasterlinisProfessorofEconomicsattheUniversityofPennsylvania.

（1）____________________Moremoneymeansmoregoods（inflationaside）andthusmoreofthematerialbenefitsoflife.Asitisfortheindividual,soitisforsocietyasawhole.Nationaleconomicgrowth-asteadyupwardmarchinaverageincome,yearafteryear,decadeafterdecade-means,itissupposed,greaterwell-beingandahappiersociety.

Therehavealwaysbeenthosewhoquestioned,onmoralorphilosophicgrounds,theidentificationofhumanwell-beingwithmaterialpursuits.

（2）____Butthequestionofwhattheevidenceisontherelationbetweenmoneyandhappinesshasremained,withafewexceptions,untouched.Arethewealthiermembersofsociety,usuallyhappierthanthepoorer?

Doesraisingtheincomesofallincreasethehappinessofall:

?

Doubtless,themainreasonforneglectofthisbasicfactualquestionhasbeentheabsenceofdataonhappiness.SinceWorldWarⅡ,however,reportsonpersonalhappinesshavebeenobtainedinanumberofnationalpopulationsurveyshereandabroad.Recently,Ibroughttogether,forascholarlyarticle,thedatafrom30surveysconductedin19developedandlessdevelopedcountriesandanalyzedtherelationbetweenreportedhappinessandincome.Becausethesedataandthisareaofresearcharesonew,thefindingscanonlybeconsideredtentative.Buttheresultsareprovocativeandtheimplicationsworthyofmoregeneraldiscussion-hencethisbriefsummaryforawideraudience.Theconcernhere,itshouldbeemphasized,isnotwithmoraljudgmentsabouttheviewthatmoneywillmakeonehappy.（3）______

Theconclusions,towhichtheevidencepoints,inbrief,arethese.Inallsocieties,moremoneyfortheindividualtypicallymeansmoreindividualhappiness.（4）____________Thehappiness-incomerelationprovidesaclassicexampleofthelogicalfallacyofcomposition-whatistruefortheindividualisnottrueforsocietyasawhole.

（5）_______________Individualsassesstheirmaterialwell-being,notintermsoftheabsoluteamountofgoodstheyhave,butrelativetoasocialnormofwhatgoodstheyoughttohave.Atanygiventime,thoseabovethenormtypicallyfeelhappierthanthosebelow.Overtime,however,theprocessofeconomicadvanceleadsnotonlytoageneralincreaseinincomes,butalsotoacorrespondingriseinthesocialnormbywhichmaterialwell-beingisjudged.Thisincreaseinmaterialaspirationsinasociety,itselfproduce