理工科职称英语考试题练习1.docx

理工科职称英语考试题练习1.docx

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理工科职称英语考试题练习1

PASSAGE1

　　TheInventionofthetelephone

　　Inthenineteenthcentury,theinventionofthetelegraphmadeitpossibletosendnoises,signals,andevenmusicoverwiresfromoneplacetoanother.However,thehumanvoice__1__thisway.Manyinventorstriedtofinda__2__tosendavoiceoverwires,andin1876someoftheireffortswerecrownedwithsuccess.___3___Americaninventors,AlexanderGrahamBellandElishaGray,__4__atalmostthesametime.TheUnitedStatesSupremeCourtfinallyhadtodecidewhichofthetwo__5__thefirstinventorofthetelephone.TheCourtdecided__6__Bell'sfavor.

　　BorninEdinbrug,Scotland,Bellgrewupinafamily__7__wasveryinterestedinteachingpeopletospeak.Hisgrandfatherhadbeenanactorwholeft__8__toteachelocution;hisfatherwasateacher__9__deaf-muteslearnhowtospeak.

　　However,probablynoneofthe__10__inventionsgaveBellthesamefeelingoftriumph__11__hehadonthedaywhenhespilledsomeacidfromhisbatteries.Itwasafterhehadworkedformonthstofindwaystosendsomethingmore__12__metallictwangsoverthewires.ThinkingWatson,__13__,wasinthenextroom,Bellcalled,"Mr.Watson,__14__.Iwantyou."Watsonwasnotinthenextroom.Hewasdowninhislaboratory,__15__tothereceiver.ToWatson'ssurprise,heheardthewordsperfectly.HerantotellBellthenews:

thewireshadcarriedBell'svoiceperfectly.

　　EXERCISE:

　　1.A）hadnevertraveledB）neverhadtraveledC）wasnevertraveledD）neverwastraveled

　　2.A）solutionB）keyC）wayD）mean

　　3.A）TwoB）ThetwoC）ThetwoofD）Oftwo

　　4.A）wassucceededB）havesucceededC）succeededD）wassucceeding

　　5.A）wasB）tobeC）beingD）havingbeen

　　6.A）atB）onC）toD）in

　　7.A）thatB）whereC）inwhichD）who

　　8.A）atheatreB）theatreC）theatresD）thetheatre

　　9.A）whichwashelpedB）thatwashelpedC）whohelpedD）whohashelped

　　10.A）laterB）latterC）latelyD）afterwards

　　11.A）likeB）toCㄘwhichD）as

　　12.A）ofB）/C）asD）than

　　13.A）beinghishelperB）washishelperC）hishelperD）tobehishelper

　　14.A）comehereB）comeupC）goawayD）godown

　　15.A）besidesB）besideC）nextD）by

　　Key:

ACACADADCADDCAC

　　PASSAGE2

　　CulturalDifference

　　Peoplefromdifferentculturessometimesdothingsthatmakeeachotheruncomfortable,sometimeswithoutrealizingitMostAmericans___1___outofthecountryandhavevery___2___experiencewithforeigners.Buttheyareusuallyspontaneous,friendlyandopen,andenjoy___3___newpeople,havingguestsandbringingpeopletogetherformallyorinformally.Theytendtousefirstnames___4___mostsituationsandspeakfreelyaboutthemselves.SoifyourAmericanhostsdosomethingthat___5___youuncomfortable,trytoletthemknowhowyoufeel.Mostpeoplewill__6__yourhonestyandtrynottotakeyouuncomfortableagain.Andyou'llall__7__somethingaboutanotherculture!

　　Manytravelersfind__8__easiertomeetpeopleintheU.S.thaninothercountries.Theymayjustcomeupandintroducethemselvesoreveninviteyouover__9__theyreallyknowyou.SometimesAmericansaresaidtobe__10__.Perhapsitseemsso,buttheyareprobablyjust__11__agoodtime.Justlikeanywhereelse,ittakestimetobecomerealfriends__12__peopleintheU.S..

　　Ifandwhenyou__13__Americanfriends,theywillprobably__14__introducingyoutotheirfriendsandfamily,andiftheyseemproud__15__you,it'sprobablybecausetheyare.Relaxandenjoyit!

　　EXERCICE

　　1.A）haveneverbeenB）havebeenneverC）hasneverbeenD）hasbeennever

　　2.A）alittleB）littleC）muchD）agreatdeal

　　3.A）meetB）tomeetCㄘmeetingD）tohavemet

　　4.A）onB）amongC）withinD）in

　　5.A）makesB）makeC）madeD）making

　　6.A）praiseB）honorC）appreciateD）confirm

　　7.A）pickB）selectC）learnD）study

　　8.A）thisB）itC）themD）/

　　9.A）whenB）ifC）afterD）before

　　10.A）superficiallyfriendB）superficialfriendC）superficiallyfriendlyD）superficialfriendly

　　11.A）havingB）takingC）makingD）killing

　　12.A）withB）amongC）toD）in

　　13.A）getalongwithB）getridofC）stayawayfromD）staywith

　　14.A）hateB）forbidC）avoidD）enjoy

　　15.A）toknowB）knowingC）knowD）havingknown

　　Key:

ABCDACCBDCAADDA

PASSAGE3

　　TheWhiteHouse

　　Wegotupearlythismorningand__1__alongwalkafterbreakfast.Wewalkedthroughthebusinesssectionofthecity.Itoldyouyesterdaythatthecitywaslarger__2__Ithoughtitwouldbe.__3__thebusinesssectionissmallerthanIthoughtitwouldbe.Isupposethat's__4__Washingtonisaspecialkindofcity.__5__thepeopleinWashingtonworkforthegovernment.About9:

30wewenttotheWhiteHouse.It's__6__tothepublicfrom10till12,andtherewasalonglineofpeoplewaitingtogetin.Wedidn'thavetowaitverylong,becausethelinemoved__7__quickly.

　　TheWhiteHouseisreallywhite.Itispaintedeveryyear.Anditseemsverywhite,becauseit'sgotbeautifullawnsallaroundit,____8____manytreesandshrubs.Thegrounds__9__aboutfoursquareblocks.Imean,they'reabouttwoblockslong__10__eachside.Ofcourse,wedidn'tseethewholebuilding.Thepart__11__thePresidentlivesandworksisnotopentothepublic.Butthepartwesawwasbeautiful.Wewentthroughfiveofthemainrooms.Oneofthemwasthelibrary,onthegroundfloor.Onthenextfloor,therearethreeroomsnamed__12__thecolorsthatareusedinthem:

theRedRoom,theBlueRoom,andtheGreenRoom.Thewallsarecoveredwithsilk__13__.Thereare__14__oldfurniture,fromthetime__15__theWhiteHousewasfirstbuilt.Andeverywheretherearepaintingsandstatuesofformerpresidentsandotherfamouspeoplefromhistory.

　　1.A）madeB）didC）tookD）got

　　2.A）thanB）asC）soD）like

　　3.A）ButB）YesC）SoD）Then

　　4.A）sinceB）asC）becauseD）becauseof

　　5.A）MuchofB）MostofC）AlotD）Lots

　　6.A）openB）openingC）beingopenedD）opened

　　7.A）prettyB）littleC）muchD）verymuch

　　8.A）/B）havingC）withD）together

　　9.A）includeB）costC）coverD）spread

　　10.A）byB）onC）forD）with

　　11.A）whichB）whatC）thatD）where

　　12.A）byB）forC）afterD）before

　　13.A）clothB）clothesC）clothingD）cloths

　　14.A）MuchpiecesofB）manypiecesofC）manyaD）agreatmany

　　15.A）thatB）whichC）whoD）when

　　key:

CAACBAACCBDCABD

PASSAGE4

　　CostasaFactorinSupply

　　Inapurelycompetitivemarket,thesupplierofgoodsandserviceshasnocontroloverthemarketprice,becauseheproducestoolittletoinfluencemarketconditions.Withnodifferencebetweenhisproductsandtheproducts__1__hiscompetitors,hewillsellnothingifhechargesabovethemarketpriceandhewillsellallifhechargesator__2__themarketprice.However,inconsideringtheprice,hemusttakecostofproduction__3__.Therearetimeswhenhemaybewillingtosellbelowhiscost.Thismighthappenwhenpricestumblefor__4__ashorttime.However,nobusinesspersoncan__5__losemoneyforaprolongedperiod.Hemust__6__ofhiscostsinrelationtothemarketpriceifheistocompetesuccessfullyandearnaprofit.

　　Manypeoplehavetheimpressionthatasproductionincreases,costsperunitdecrease.__7__massproductionhasmadethistrueincertainindustriesandatcertainlevelsofproduction,__8__logicandpracticalexperiencehaveshownthatcostsperunitbegintorisebeyondacertainlevelofproduction.Someeconomists__9__thisprincipleasthelawofincreasingcosts.

　　Thereason__10__riseasproductiongoesupiscomplex.However,itiseasytorecognizethatasproductiongoesup,theneedforadditionalfactorsofproductionwillalsogrow,resulting__11__competitivebiddinginthemarketplaceforthefactorsofproduction.Ifaproducerneeds__12__skilledlabortoproducemore,andnoneofthislaborisunemployed,theproducerwillhavetoget__13__fromothersources.Thiscanbedoneby__14__higherwages.Higherbiddingwouldalsoapplytotheotherfactorsofproduction.Wemustalsorecognizethatnotalllaborisequallyproductive,__15__notalllandisequallyfertileandnotalloreisequallyrichinthemineralwanted.

　　1.A）toB）atC）ofD）on

　　2.A）belowB）beneathC）overD）above

　　3.A）toconsiderB）intoconsiderationC）toconsiderationD）inconsideration

　　4.A）hebelieveswillbeB）whathebelievesbeC）whathebelieveswillbeD）hebelievestobe

　　5.A）affordtoB）beaffordableC）beaffordedtoD）haveafforded

　　6.A）constantlyawareB）constantlyknowledgeableofC）beconstantlyawareofD）constantlyawareof

　　7.A）BecauseB）SinceC）WhenD）While

　　8.A）bothB）aswellasC）alsoD）but

　　9.A）referB）refertoC）callD）arereferredto

　　10.A）costB）thecostC）thecostsD）costs

　　11.A）fromB）inC）\D）for

　　12.A）lessB）numerousC）moreD）many

　　13.A）themB）theseC）itD）those

　　14.A）offeringB）cuttingC）reducingD）having

　　15.A）asjustB）justasC）becauseD）while

　　KEYS:

CABCACDABDBCCAB

　　PASSAGE5

　　ImportanceofthePublicImage

　　Publicimagereferstohowacompanyisviewedbyiscustomers,suppliers,andstockholders,bythefinancialcommunity,bythecommunitiesinwhichitoperates,andbyfederalandlocalgovernments.Publicimageiscontrollable____

（1）____,justastheproduct,price,place,andpromotionaleffortsare.

　　Afirm'spublicimage____

（2）____avitalroleintheattractivenessofthefirmanditsproductstoemployees,customers,____（3）____tosuchoutsidersasstockholders,suppliers,creditors,governmentofficials,aswellasdiversespecialgroups.Withsomethingsitis____（4）____tosatisfyallthediversepublics:

forexample,