理工科职称英语考试题练习1.docx
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理工科职称英语考试题练习1
PASSAGE1
TheInventionofthetelephone
Inthenineteenthcentury,theinventionofthetelegraphmadeitpossibletosendnoises,signals,andevenmusicoverwiresfromoneplacetoanother.However,thehumanvoice__1__thisway.Manyinventorstriedtofinda__2__tosendavoiceoverwires,andin1876someoftheireffortswerecrownedwithsuccess.___3___Americaninventors,AlexanderGrahamBellandElishaGray,__4__atalmostthesametime.TheUnitedStatesSupremeCourtfinallyhadtodecidewhichofthetwo__5__thefirstinventorofthetelephone.TheCourtdecided__6__Bell'sfavor.
BorninEdinbrug,Scotland,Bellgrewupinafamily__7__wasveryinterestedinteachingpeopletospeak.Hisgrandfatherhadbeenanactorwholeft__8__toteachelocution;hisfatherwasateacher__9__deaf-muteslearnhowtospeak.
However,probablynoneofthe__10__inventionsgaveBellthesamefeelingoftriumph__11__hehadonthedaywhenhespilledsomeacidfromhisbatteries.Itwasafterhehadworkedformonthstofindwaystosendsomethingmore__12__metallictwangsoverthewires.ThinkingWatson,__13__,wasinthenextroom,Bellcalled,"Mr.Watson,__14__.Iwantyou."Watsonwasnotinthenextroom.Hewasdowninhislaboratory,__15__tothereceiver.ToWatson'ssurprise,heheardthewordsperfectly.HerantotellBellthenews:
thewireshadcarriedBell'svoiceperfectly.
EXERCISE:
1.A)hadnevertraveledB)neverhadtraveledC)wasnevertraveledD)neverwastraveled
2.A)solutionB)keyC)wayD)mean
3.A)TwoB)ThetwoC)ThetwoofD)Oftwo
4.A)wassucceededB)havesucceededC)succeededD)wassucceeding
5.A)wasB)tobeC)beingD)havingbeen
6.A)atB)onC)toD)in
7.A)thatB)whereC)inwhichD)who
8.A)atheatreB)theatreC)theatresD)thetheatre
9.A)whichwashelpedB)thatwashelpedC)whohelpedD)whohashelped
10.A)laterB)latterC)latelyD)afterwards
11.A)likeB)toCㄘwhichD)as
12.A)ofB)/C)asD)than
13.A)beinghishelperB)washishelperC)hishelperD)tobehishelper
14.A)comehereB)comeupC)goawayD)godown
15.A)besidesB)besideC)nextD)by
Key:
ACACADADCADDCAC
PASSAGE2
CulturalDifference
Peoplefromdifferentculturessometimesdothingsthatmakeeachotheruncomfortable,sometimeswithoutrealizingitMostAmericans___1___outofthecountryandhavevery___2___experiencewithforeigners.Buttheyareusuallyspontaneous,friendlyandopen,andenjoy___3___newpeople,havingguestsandbringingpeopletogetherformallyorinformally.Theytendtousefirstnames___4___mostsituationsandspeakfreelyaboutthemselves.SoifyourAmericanhostsdosomethingthat___5___youuncomfortable,trytoletthemknowhowyoufeel.Mostpeoplewill__6__yourhonestyandtrynottotakeyouuncomfortableagain.Andyou'llall__7__somethingaboutanotherculture!
Manytravelersfind__8__easiertomeetpeopleintheU.S.thaninothercountries.Theymayjustcomeupandintroducethemselvesoreveninviteyouover__9__theyreallyknowyou.SometimesAmericansaresaidtobe__10__.Perhapsitseemsso,buttheyareprobablyjust__11__agoodtime.Justlikeanywhereelse,ittakestimetobecomerealfriends__12__peopleintheU.S..
Ifandwhenyou__13__Americanfriends,theywillprobably__14__introducingyoutotheirfriendsandfamily,andiftheyseemproud__15__you,it'sprobablybecausetheyare.Relaxandenjoyit!
EXERCICE
1.A)haveneverbeenB)havebeenneverC)hasneverbeenD)hasbeennever
2.A)alittleB)littleC)muchD)agreatdeal
3.A)meetB)tomeetCㄘmeetingD)tohavemet
4.A)onB)amongC)withinD)in
5.A)makesB)makeC)madeD)making
6.A)praiseB)honorC)appreciateD)confirm
7.A)pickB)selectC)learnD)study
8.A)thisB)itC)themD)/
9.A)whenB)ifC)afterD)before
10.A)superficiallyfriendB)superficialfriendC)superficiallyfriendlyD)superficialfriendly
11.A)havingB)takingC)makingD)killing
12.A)withB)amongC)toD)in
13.A)getalongwithB)getridofC)stayawayfromD)staywith
14.A)hateB)forbidC)avoidD)enjoy
15.A)toknowB)knowingC)knowD)havingknown
Key:
ABCDACCBDCAADDA
PASSAGE3
TheWhiteHouse
Wegotupearlythismorningand__1__alongwalkafterbreakfast.Wewalkedthroughthebusinesssectionofthecity.Itoldyouyesterdaythatthecitywaslarger__2__Ithoughtitwouldbe.__3__thebusinesssectionissmallerthanIthoughtitwouldbe.Isupposethat's__4__Washingtonisaspecialkindofcity.__5__thepeopleinWashingtonworkforthegovernment.About9:
30wewenttotheWhiteHouse.It's__6__tothepublicfrom10till12,andtherewasalonglineofpeoplewaitingtogetin.Wedidn'thavetowaitverylong,becausethelinemoved__7__quickly.
TheWhiteHouseisreallywhite.Itispaintedeveryyear.Anditseemsverywhite,becauseit'sgotbeautifullawnsallaroundit,____8____manytreesandshrubs.Thegrounds__9__aboutfoursquareblocks.Imean,they'reabouttwoblockslong__10__eachside.Ofcourse,wedidn'tseethewholebuilding.Thepart__11__thePresidentlivesandworksisnotopentothepublic.Butthepartwesawwasbeautiful.Wewentthroughfiveofthemainrooms.Oneofthemwasthelibrary,onthegroundfloor.Onthenextfloor,therearethreeroomsnamed__12__thecolorsthatareusedinthem:
theRedRoom,theBlueRoom,andtheGreenRoom.Thewallsarecoveredwithsilk__13__.Thereare__14__oldfurniture,fromthetime__15__theWhiteHousewasfirstbuilt.Andeverywheretherearepaintingsandstatuesofformerpresidentsandotherfamouspeoplefromhistory.
1.A)madeB)didC)tookD)got
2.A)thanB)asC)soD)like
3.A)ButB)YesC)SoD)Then
4.A)sinceB)asC)becauseD)becauseof
5.A)MuchofB)MostofC)AlotD)Lots
6.A)openB)openingC)beingopenedD)opened
7.A)prettyB)littleC)muchD)verymuch
8.A)/B)havingC)withD)together
9.A)includeB)costC)coverD)spread
10.A)byB)onC)forD)with
11.A)whichB)whatC)thatD)where
12.A)byB)forC)afterD)before
13.A)clothB)clothesC)clothingD)cloths
14.A)MuchpiecesofB)manypiecesofC)manyaD)agreatmany
15.A)thatB)whichC)whoD)when
key:
CAACBAACCBDCABD
PASSAGE4
CostasaFactorinSupply
Inapurelycompetitivemarket,thesupplierofgoodsandserviceshasnocontroloverthemarketprice,becauseheproducestoolittletoinfluencemarketconditions.Withnodifferencebetweenhisproductsandtheproducts__1__hiscompetitors,hewillsellnothingifhechargesabovethemarketpriceandhewillsellallifhechargesator__2__themarketprice.However,inconsideringtheprice,hemusttakecostofproduction__3__.Therearetimeswhenhemaybewillingtosellbelowhiscost.Thismighthappenwhenpricestumblefor__4__ashorttime.However,nobusinesspersoncan__5__losemoneyforaprolongedperiod.Hemust__6__ofhiscostsinrelationtothemarketpriceifheistocompetesuccessfullyandearnaprofit.
Manypeoplehavetheimpressionthatasproductionincreases,costsperunitdecrease.__7__massproductionhasmadethistrueincertainindustriesandatcertainlevelsofproduction,__8__logicandpracticalexperiencehaveshownthatcostsperunitbegintorisebeyondacertainlevelofproduction.Someeconomists__9__thisprincipleasthelawofincreasingcosts.
Thereason__10__riseasproductiongoesupiscomplex.However,itiseasytorecognizethatasproductiongoesup,theneedforadditionalfactorsofproductionwillalsogrow,resulting__11__competitivebiddinginthemarketplaceforthefactorsofproduction.Ifaproducerneeds__12__skilledlabortoproducemore,andnoneofthislaborisunemployed,theproducerwillhavetoget__13__fromothersources.Thiscanbedoneby__14__higherwages.Higherbiddingwouldalsoapplytotheotherfactorsofproduction.Wemustalsorecognizethatnotalllaborisequallyproductive,__15__notalllandisequallyfertileandnotalloreisequallyrichinthemineralwanted.
1.A)toB)atC)ofD)on
2.A)belowB)beneathC)overD)above
3.A)toconsiderB)intoconsiderationC)toconsiderationD)inconsideration
4.A)hebelieveswillbeB)whathebelievesbeC)whathebelieveswillbeD)hebelievestobe
5.A)affordtoB)beaffordableC)beaffordedtoD)haveafforded
6.A)constantlyawareB)constantlyknowledgeableofC)beconstantlyawareofD)constantlyawareof
7.A)BecauseB)SinceC)WhenD)While
8.A)bothB)aswellasC)alsoD)but
9.A)referB)refertoC)callD)arereferredto
10.A)costB)thecostC)thecostsD)costs
11.A)fromB)inC)\D)for
12.A)lessB)numerousC)moreD)many
13.A)themB)theseC)itD)those
14.A)offeringB)cuttingC)reducingD)having
15.A)asjustB)justasC)becauseD)while
KEYS:
CABCACDABDBCCAB
PASSAGE5
ImportanceofthePublicImage
Publicimagereferstohowacompanyisviewedbyiscustomers,suppliers,andstockholders,bythefinancialcommunity,bythecommunitiesinwhichitoperates,andbyfederalandlocalgovernments.Publicimageiscontrollable____
(1)____,justastheproduct,price,place,andpromotionaleffortsare.
Afirm'spublicimage____
(2)____avitalroleintheattractivenessofthefirmanditsproductstoemployees,customers,____(3)____tosuchoutsidersasstockholders,suppliers,creditors,governmentofficials,aswellasdiversespecialgroups.Withsomethingsitis____(4)____tosatisfyallthediversepublics:
forexample,