AutoCAD英文课件.ppt

AutoCAD英文课件.ppt

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copyrightbyjian,1,Lesson1,PrefaceInthislesson,youwilllearnthebasicoperationofAutoCAD2004softwaresuchascreatefile,savefileandopenfileandsoon.KeyUserInterfaceMouseUsageCoordinatesystem,copyrightbyjian,2,Chapter1BasicOperationofAutoCAD2004,1.1IntroductiontoAutoCAD2004AutoCAD2004isaCADsoftwarewhichisproducedbyAutodeskcorporation.AutoCAD2004isagoodtooltotakeplaceoftraditionaldrawingtool.AutoCADbeusedextensivelyinmechanical、electronicalandotherengineeringfield.,copyrightbyjian,3,1.2StartingandExiting,1,HowtoenterAutoCAD20041）DoubleclicktheicoofAutoCAD2004onthedesktop.2）clicktheicoofAutoCAD2004ontheStartmenu.2,HowtoexitAutoCAD20041）clickExitontheFilemenu2）clickontitlebar.Ifyouchoosethesecondway,youwillhavethreechoicesavethefileornotsaveorcancel.AndalsoyoucanclickSaveorSaveAsontheFilemenuorSaveontheStandardtoolbaratfirst,thenclickontitlebar.,copyrightbyjian,4,1.3StartaDrawing,Whenyoustartadrawing,youspecifythetypeofunitstouseandothersettings.Youcanalsochoosehowtosaveyourwork,includingsavingbackupfiles.startfromscratchYoucanstartfromscratchfromtheCreateNewDrawingdialogbox,fromtheSelectTemplatedialogbox,orwithoutusingadialogboxatall.Ineachcase,youuseeithertheNEWcommandortheQNEWcommand.

（1）UsetheCreateNewDrawingDialogBoxWhenyouuseStartfromScratch,youcanspecifyeitherimperialormetricunitsforthenewdrawing.Thesettingyouselectdeterminesdefaultvaluesusedformanysystemvariablescontrollingtext,dimensions,grid,snap,andthedefaultlinetypeandhatchpatternfile.

（2）UsetheSelectTemplateDialogBox（3）UseaDefaultDrawingTemplateFile,copyrightbyjian,5,UseasetupwizardAsetupwizardestablishesbasicdrawingsettingsstepbystep.Youhavetwowizardoptionstohelpyousetupadrawing:

（1）QuickSetupWizard.Setsunitsofmeasurement,precisionofdisplayedunits,andgridlimits.

（2）AdvancedSetupWizard.Setsunitsofmeasurement,precisionofdisplayedunits,andgridlimits.Alsoestablishesanglesettingssuchasunitsofmeasurementstyle,precision,direction,andorientation.ThesewizardsareavailableintheCreateNewDrawingdialogbox.UseaTemplateFiletoStartaDrawingSelectoneofthetemplatefilessupplied,orcreateyourowntemplatefiles.Drawingtemplatefileshavea.dwtfileextension.,copyrightbyjian,6,

（1）CreateaDrawingTemplateFileWhenyouneedtocreateseveraldrawingsthatusethesameconventionsanddefaultsettings,youcansavetimebycreatingorcustomizingatemplatefileinsteadofspecifyingtheconventionsanddefaultsettingseachtimeyoustart.Conventionsandsettingscommonlystoredintemplatefilesinclude:

Unittypeandprecision,Titleblocks,orders,andlogos,Layernames,Snap,Grid,andOrthosettings,Drawing（grid）limits,Dimensionstyles,Textstyles,LinetypesBydefault,drawingtemplatefilesarestoredinthetemplatefolder,wheretheyareeasilyaccessible.

（2）RecovertheDefaultDrawingTemplateFileAlsoyoucanstartanewdrawingwiththeoriginaldefaultsbyusingNEWtodisplaytheSelectTemplatedialogbox.Todothis,clickthearrownexttotheOpenbuttonandthenclickoneofthenotemplateoptionsfromthelist.,copyrightbyjian,7,1.4SaveDrawing,YousavedrawingfilesforlaterusejustasyoudowithotherWindowsapplications.youcanalsosetupautomaticsavingandbackupfilesandsaveonlyselectedobjects.Whenyouareworkingonadrawing,youshouldsaveitfrequently.Savingprotectsyoufromlosingworkintheeventofapowerfailureorotherunexpectedevent.Ifyouwanttocreateanewversionofadrawingwithoutaffectingtheoriginaldrawing,youcansaveitunderanothername.ThefileextensionforAutoCADdrawingfilesis.dwg,andunlessyouchangethedefaultfileformatinwhichdrawingsaresaved,drawingsaresavedintheAutoCADLT2004drawing-fileformat.,copyrightbyjian,8,SaveYourDrawingAutomatically.FilesthatareautomaticallysavedaredeletedwhenAutoCADclosesadrawinginthenormalway.Savedfilesremainintheeventofacrashorpowerfailure.Torecoverapreviousversionofyourdrawingfromtheautomaticallysavedfile,renamethefileusinga.dwgextension.UseBackupFiles.Ifyouturnonautomaticbackups,AutoCADsavesthepreviousversionofyourdrawingfilestoafilewiththesamenameanda.bakfileextension.Torecoverthepreviousversionofyourdrawingfromabackupfile,renamethefileusinga.dwgextension.SavetoaDifferentTypeofDrawingFile.YoucansaveadrawingtoanearlierversionoftheDWGorDXFformatorsaveadrawingasatemplatefile.ChoosetheformatfromFilesofTypeintheSaveDrawingAsdialogbox.,copyrightbyjian,9,1.5UserInterface,EachpartnameoftheAutoCAD2004interfaceisasthefollowmap:

copyrightbyjian,10,1.6MouseUsage,Two-buttonmouse1.Theleftbuttonisthepickbuttonusedto（a）Specifylocations（b）Selectobjectsforediting（c）Choosemenuoptionsanddialogboxbuttonsandfields2.Therightbuttondependsoncontext;itcanbeusedto

（1）Endacommandinprogress

（2）Displayashortcutmenu（3）DisplaytheObjectSnapmenu（4）DisplaytheToolbarsdialogboxRight-clickoperationcanbemodifiedintheOptionsdialogbox（OPTIONS）.TheoperationofadditionalbuttonsonapointingdeviceisdefinedintheAutoCADmenufile.TheWheelMouseTheleftandrightbuttonsbehavethesameastheydoonastandardmouse.ThefollowingtableliststhewheelmouseactionssupportedinAutoCAD.,copyrightbyjian,11,1.7CommandInputWays,Commandinputhasfivewaysasfollows:

Click（usetheleftbutton）thecommandsicoontoolbars.Clickthemenunametodisplayalistofoptions.Clicktheoptiontochooseit,orpressDOWNARROWtomovedownthelistandthenpressENTER.Typethecommandname（fullnameorabbreviatedname）ontheCommandLineandpressENTERorSPACEBAR,orright-clickyourpointingdevice.UsetheScreenmenu.UsetheDigitizingtabletsmenu.,copyrightbyjian,12,1.8CoordinateSystem,Whenacommandpromptsyouforapoint,youcanusethepointingdevicetospecifyapoint,oryoucanenteracoordinatevalueonthecommandline.Youcanentertwo-dimensionalcoordinatesaseitherCartesian（X,Y）orpolarcoordinates.1CartesianandPolarCoordinates

（1）ACartesiancoordinatesystemhasthreeaxes,X,Y,andZ.Whenyouentercoordinatevalues,youindicateapointsdistance（inunits）anditsdirection（+or-）alongtheX,Y,andZaxesrelativetothecoordinatesystemorigin（0,0,0）.In2D,youspecifypointsontheXYplane,alsocalledtheconstructionplane.Theconstructionplaneissimilartoaflatsheetofgridpaper.TheXvalueofaCartesiancoordinatespecifieshorizontaldistance,andtheYvaluespecifiesverticaldistance.Theoriginpoint（0,0）indicateswherethetwoaxesintersect.,copyrightbyjian,13,1.8Coordinatesystem,2Polarcoordinatesuseadistanceandanangletolocateapoint.WithbothCartesianandpolarcoordinates,youcanenterabsolutecoordinatesbasedontheorigin（0,0）,orrelativecoordinatesbasedonthelastpointspecified.,3Anothermethodofenteringarelativecoordinateisbymovingthecursortospecifyadirectionandthenenteringadistancedirectly.Thismethodiscalleddirectdistanceentry.,Example:

usethismethodtodrawthefollowgraphics.Everyedgeis100millimeter.,copyrightbyjian,14,1.8.12Dcoordinatesystem,Absoluteandrelative2DCartesianandpolarcoordinatesdeterminepreciselocationsofobjectsinadrawing.1.DisplayCoordinatesontheStatusBarYoucanchoosefromthreestylesofcoordinatedisplayonthestatusbaratthebottomoftheapplicationwindow.2.EnterCartesianCoordinatesYoucanuseabsoluteorrelativeCartesian（rectangular）coordinatestolocatepointswhencreatingobjects.Tousecoordinatevaluestospecifyapoint,enteranXvalueandaYvalueseparatedbyacomma（X,Y）.Absolutecoordinatevaluesarebasedontheorigin（0,0）.UseanabsolutecoordinatewhenyouknowthepreciseXandYvaluesofthepointcoordinate.Forexample,thecoordinate3,4specifiesapoint3unitsalongtheXaxisand4unitsalongtheYaxisfromtheorigin.Relativecoordinatevaluesarebasedonthelastpointentered.Usearelativecoordinatewhenyouknowthepositionofapointinrelationtothepreviouspoint.Tospecifyarelativecoordinate,precedethecoordinatewithansign.Forexample,thecoordinate3,4specifiesapoint3unitsalongtheXaxisand4unitsalongtheYaxisfromthelastpointspecified.,copyrightbyjian,15,

（1）ExampleforAbsoluteCartesianCoordinate,Example:

todrawalinebeginningatanXvalueof2,aYvalueof1,andanendpointat3,4,makethefollowingentriesonthecommandline:

Command:

lineFrompoint:

2,1Topoint:

3,4AutoCADlocatesthelineasfollows:

copyrightbyjian,16,

（2）ExampleforRelative2DCartesianCoordinate,Thefollowingexampledrawsalinewhoseendpointis5unitsintheXdirectionand0unitsintheYdirectionfromthestartpointattheabsolutecoordinate-2,1.PressingENTERatthenextToPointpromptendsthecommand.Command:

lineFrompoint:

-2,1Topoint:

5,0,copyrightbyjian,17,3.EnterPolarCoordinates,Youcanuseabsoluteorrelativepolarcoordinates（distanceandangle）tolocatepointswhencreatingobjects.Toenterapolarcoordinate,enteradistanceandanangleseparatedbyananglebracket（）.Forexample,tospecifyapointthatisatadistanceof1unitfromthepreviouspointandatanangleof45degrees,enter145.Bydefault,anglesincreaseinthecounterclockwisedirectionanddecreaseintheclockwisedirection.Tomoveclockwise,enteranegativevaluefortheangle.Forexample,entering1315isthesameasentering1-45.YoucanchangetheangleconventionsforthecurrentdrawingwithUNITS.Polarcoordinatesareeitherabsolute（measuredfr