副词.docx
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副词副词副词常见题型有选择填空、单词拼写、词形转换、句型转换和汉语句子翻译等。
做这类题时,必须首先了解副词的构成及各自的用法,比较等级的演变,疑问副词的用法,并根据题意选准级别及各种句式间的互变规律等。
名称例词在句子中的位置时间副词today,early,soon,now,then,recently,still,now,late,tomorrow,before,ever,just时间副词,尤其是表示具体时间的副词,一般放在句首或句尾。
例如:
Hewillbebacktomorrow.Yesterdayweallwenttothepark.地点副词地点副词:
downstairs,here,somewhere,there地点副词常置于句尾,有时可置于句首,一般不置于句中。
几个地点状语连用时,大地方放在最后。
地点副词在时间副词之前。
Thechildrenareplayingdownstairs.Pleasegostraightdownthestreet.HerepeoplearepracticingspeakingEnglish.方向副词:
off,down,up,out方式副词well,fast,carefully,slowly,quickly常放在宾语/不及物动词之后。
Themonkeysateupthebananasquickly.程度副词verymuch,still,too,enough,quite,almost,ratherlittle,yet,already常放在动词、形容词或其他副词前面,very常与much连用并置于句末,enough放在所修饰形容词的后面,very,quite不能修饰动词。
频度副词often,usually,always,never,hardlysometimes,seldom,everyday,常放在动词前,系动词、助动词、情态动词后。
sometimes常置句首。
SheisseldomoutonSundays.Ioftengooutforawalkaftersupper.疑问副词how,when,where,why主要用来引导特殊疑问句,放在句首.Whereareyougoingforvacation?
Whywereyoulateforourmeetinglastnight?
关系副词when,where,why用来引导定语从句。
Wevisitedthehousewherehelivedtenyearsago.IneverforgetthedaywhenIjoinedtheParty.连接副词how,when,where,why,whether用来引导从句或与不定式连用。
Thatswhyitsonthenews.Doyouknowhowtooperatethemachine?
(1)副词用法副词用来修饰动词、形容词、其他副词或整个句子,有时也修饰名词,表示时间、地点、方式、程度、动作、频度等,在句中主要用作状语。
副词在句中可以作定语、表语、状语、宾语补足语。
副词修饰形容词或另一个副词时,常放在修饰词之前;作定语,副词常常后置;修饰全句的副词,放在句首或句末。
1)时间副词1.ago“之前”只能用于过去时,before用于过去时,也可用于完成时。
2.ever“曾经”一般要放在动词前面,用于疑问句或带if的肯定句中或含hardly等否定意义的肯定句中;它不用于现在完成时的简略回答,而要用Yes,Ihave或No,never表示。
hardlyever:
几乎从不Theoldmanhardlyevergoesout.“Haveyoueverbeentothenewlibrary?
”“No,never”.3.assoonas“一就”,as+形/副词+aspossible“尽可能”2)方式副词:
由形容词加+ly、分词加+ly或其他被动语态中,方式副词一般放在be与谓语动词之间。
Englishiswidelyspokenintheworldtoday.3)程度副词1.already和yet的区别already用于陈述句,一般用于句中,但不能和时间状语放在一起,译为“已经”;Thetrainhasalreadyarrived.Ihavealreadyreadthebook.yet用来谈某事在预料之中,用于疑问句时译为“已经”,但用在否定句中则译为“尚未,还没有”,一般都放于句末。
Haveyoufoundyourbookyet?
Ihavenotfinishedmyhomeworkyet.2.“也”too肯定句尾,逗号隔开;also用于肯定句中;either用于否定句尾,也用逗号隔开;aswell句尾,不用逗号;3.very修饰形、副词原级,much修饰形、副词比较级;more/most+原级4.be(well)worthdoing“值得做某事”,主动形式表示被动含义5.almost/nearly“几乎将近”,可互换,只almost+否定词almostno=hardlyany“几乎没有6.abit与alittle修饰原级/比较级,可互换,alittle+名词=abit+of+名词(不可/复数)但是,notabit(=notatall)意为“根本不”,notalittle意为“非常,不是一点”4)频率副词1.hard副词“努力地,猛烈地”形容词“硬的,困难的”,hardly是否定词,“几乎不”2.sometimes(有时)sometime(某时)sometimes(数次)sometime(一些时间)5)其他1.how、what用于感叹句的用法:
how+形、副词what+名词2.howsoon“多久以后”,用于将来时态,对in+一段时间提问;howmuch“多么,多少”,对程度进行提问,也可以对数量或金钱提问3.nomore、nolonger、not.anymore、no.anylonger“再也不”区别忽略不计4.“更远”表距离farther与further同义,但further表“进一步、额外”等时不换
(2)形容词变为副词规则1.一般直接加-ly:
quickquickly;badbadly,usual-usually3.以y结尾且发音为i的把y变为i再加-ly,happyhappily;heavyheavily;angryangrily;若读音为aI,则直接加-ly,shyshyly;drydryly4.结尾是辅音字母加le的形容词去e加y:
terribleterribly;possiblepossibly;probableprobably但,不是所有以-ly结尾的单词都是副词,某些名词后加-ly可转化为形容词,如sisterly,brotherly,friendly,comradely,lovely,lonely,costly,livelymonthly,而且有些词既是副词,又是形容词,如early,hourly,monthly,weekly(3)副词比较等级1.一般在副词前加more/most变为比较级/最高级。
Clearly-moreclearly-mostclearly;easily-moreeasily-mosteasily2.少数既可作形容词也可作副词的在词尾加-er/-est。
hard-harder-hardest;fast-faster-fastest3.副词的原级Aas+副词原级+as“与一样”Bnotas(so)+副词原级+as“与不一样”Ctoo+副词原级+todosth.“太而不能”Dso+副词原级+that从句“如此以致于”E副词原级+enoughtodosth.“足够能做”4.副词的比较级A.A+动词+副词比较级+than+BB.比较级and+比较级,或是moreandmore+原级形式”:
“越来越”,themorethemore:
“越就越”C.含有介词短语.ofthetwo或both/either/neither/twins/ofthetwo等表两者词时,用“the+比较级”D.副词比较级前也可以用much,yet,even,still,far,any,agreatdeal,alittle,abit,alot等修饰5.副词的最高级A三者或三者以上比较用最高级,并和in或of连用,in前后不同类,of前后同类B副词最高级前通常不加定冠词theC能修饰最高级的有:
thevery,muchthe,far等(4)同义句转换A.原级与比较级互相转换:
notsoas.as.与.than.的转换B.最高级与比较级互相转换:
the+最高级与thanany(other)+可单的转换C.too.to,so.that,not.enoughto的转换D.favorite与like.best之间的转换
(1)时间副词1.Ofalltheattendants(应试者),IdliketoacceptTom__becauseofhisbadworkingrecords.【2007德州,25】A.firstB.bestC.lastD.only2.Bequick!
Thegamewillbegin_.【2013天津,27】A.immediatelyB.recentlyC.carefullyD.Luckily3._aftertheexplosionhappenedinafactoryinDehui,JilinonJune3rd,alotoffiremenrushedtoputoutthefire.A.SadlyB.SoftlyC.ShortlyD.Suddenlyshortlyafter“不久以后”
(2)地点副词1.Jack,Ihavetohaveatalkwithyourfathertoday.【2013山西,19】Sorry,MrsKing.Heisgoingonbusinessandwontbe_untilnextweek.A.outB.awayC.back(3)方式副词1.Icarriedthebowlwithbothhands_,sothatIwouldntbreakit.【2013山东德州,21】A.carefullyB.happilyC.quicklyD.carelessly2.MyteacheraskedmeifIwasworriedaboutthetestandIsaid“No”.But_Iwas.【2006山东德州,34】A.reallyB.hardlyC.badlyD.nearly3.-Howmuchwillyoubepaid?
【2008山东德州,34】-Judy,Idontdoitformoney,butforexperience,itsvoluntary(志愿的)workAHoweverBBesidesCFinallyDPossibly4.Thebagthatmygrandpamadeforme_getsoutofstyle,butitisstillthebestthinginmymind.【2011山西,2】A.usuallyB.normallyC.gradually5.Thebabyissleeping.pleasespeak_.【2013山东聊城,27】A.loudly.B.clearly.C.quietly.D.politely.6.Excuseme,wouldyoupleasespeakalittlemore?
【2013湖北襄阳,29】Sorry,Ithoughtyoucouldfollowme.A.sadlyB.quicklyC.slowlyD.politely7.Donttalk_.Yourgrandmotherissleepingnow.【2013广西贺州,40】A.loudB.hardlyC.loudlyD.hard8.Couldyoupleasespeakalittlemore_?
Icantfollowyou.【2013浙江宁波,29】A.quietlyB.quicklyC.loudlyD.slowly9.Wecanhardlybelievethatyoulearntodanceso_.【2013河北,42】A.quickB.quicklyC.usefulD.usefully10.Itis_thatMr.Guosailedacrosstheworldbyhimself_withinabout130days【2013山东青岛,12】A.terrified,successfulB.scary,successfullyC.amazing,successfullyD.convincing,successful11.Thegirlsaretalkingabouttheartfestival.【2013浙江温州,7】Yes.Theyhavesomanyfunthingstoshare.A.easilyB.angrilyC.sadlyD.happily12.MyoldneighborCharlesfelt_afterhischildrenmovedout.【2013上海,39】A.lonelyB.safelyC.angrilyD.happily13.OnJune29,2012,ChinasShenzhou-9spacecraftlanded_atthemainlandingareainnorthernChinasInnerMongolia(内蒙古).【2013黑龙江绥化,25】A.safeB.safelyC.safety14whyareyoudrivingso_.Tony?
Imfeelingsick.【2012浙江丽水,23】Sorry,butthetrainisleavingin20minutes.Wehavetohurry.A.oftenB.fastC.hardD.slowly15.Hisgrandparentslive_inasmallhouse,buttheydontfeel_【2012贵州安顺,22】Alonely;aloneBalone;lonelyClonely;lonelyDalone;alone16.Thesunisshining.Youdbetterwearsunglasseswhileyouareout.【2013漳州,18】A.brightlyB.lightlyC.heavily17.Sometimesitrains_inGuizhouinsummer.【2013黔西南,121】A.heavilyB.heavyC.strongD.Strongly18.Peoplecarelotaboutfoodsafety,fortheywanttoeat_.【2013佛山,133】A.healthB.healthyC.healthily19.Ifyouareunderstress,youneedtotake_careofyourbody【2010山东德州,33】AespeciallygoodBgoodespeciallyCwellespeciallyDespeciallywell20.ThecityofHarbinisbeautifulalltheyeararound,_inwinter.Icelanternsdecoratestreetsandattractplentyoftourists.【2013黑龙江哈尔滨,23】A.especiallyB.generallyC.probably21.Hishandbagwasstolenonhiswaybackhome._,hiskeyswereonhim.【2009山东德州,28】A.SurprisinglyB.SadlyC.LuckilyD.Hopefully22.MyunclelosthisIDcardyesterdaymorning._,aschoolboyfounditandsentitbacktohimintheafternoon.【2013山东济南,42】A.LoudlyB.ClearlyC.NearlyD.Luckily23.Thefirelastnightdestroyedmanybuildings.,noonewaskilled.【2012浙江嘉兴,24】A.ActuallyB.SimplyC.LuckilyD.Immediately24.InChinaitisacustomtogivekidsluckymoney,_duringtheSpringFestival.【2011丽水,3】A.finallyB.luckilyC.simplyD.especially(5)频率副词1.I_gotothetheatre,becauseIdontlikeoperasatall.【2011山东德州,22】A.alwaysB.oftenC.sometimesD.never2.IfeltabitcuriousandnervousbecauseIhad_metthatfamousman.【2010山东德州,23】AeverBneverCevenDstll3.Howoftendoyouexercise?
_ever.BecauseIamverybusywithmywork.【2012荆州,1】A.HardlyB.NearlyC.AlwaysD.Almost4.Speakaloud,please!
Ican_hearyou.【2013山东莱芜,32】A.usuallyB.almostC.hardlyD.nearly5.Davidwassoexcitedatthegoodnewsthathecouldsayaword.【2013山东临沂,24】A.nearlyB.hardC.everD.hardly6.Idontthinkfastfoodisgoodforourhealth,soI_eatit.【2013四川南充,25】A.usuallyB.hardlyC.always7.ShealwaysdoesverywellintheEnglishexams.Butshecan_understandEnglish.【2013江西,27】A.alwaysB.hardlyC.alreadyD.easily8.Didyougotothecinematosee3DTitaniclastnight?
No,I_gotothecinema.Theticketsaretooexpensive.【2013湖北随州,28】A.hardlyB.nearlyC.stillD.Only9.Lookatthebirdoverthere!
Itssobeautiful!
Wow!
Itsararecrane.Itappearsinthisarea.【2013江苏无锡,2】A.alwaysB.usuallyC.seldomD.often10.Myuncledoesntlikefastfood,sohe_eatsit.【2013江苏淮安,5】A.alwaysB.oftenC.sometimesD.seldom11.Doyoulikeseeingamovieonyourmobilephone?
No.I_dothatbecauseitmakesmeuncomfortable.【2013山东菏泽,4】A.seldomB.oftenC.usuallyD.Sometimes12.Westernpeople_useMrorMrsbeforetheirgivennames.【2013阜康,108】A.alwaysB.oftenC.sometimesD.never13.I_watchthisTVprogramme.Itsveryinteresting.【2013江苏徐州,11】A.oftenB.neverC.hardlyD.seldom14.Johnsonfailedthetestagain,becausehedidntstudyhardand_forgottodohishomework.【2013吉林,104】A.alwaysB.hardlyeverC.never15.Thoughtheyarefarawayfromschool,thechildrenwholiveinmountains_gotoschoolonfoot.【2013东营,112】A.everB.alwaysC.neverD.hardlyever16.Areyouthelastonetogotoschooltoday?
【2013甘肃白银,44】_not.Imalwaysthefirstone.A.CertainlyB.usuallyC.GenerallyDFinally17.ImetLucyintheprimaryschoolandwehavebeenclosefriends_.【2013浙江丽水,24】A.asusualB.againandagainC.soonerorlaterD.eversinceasusual“和往常一样”,againandagain“一次又一次”,soonerorlater“迟早”,eversince“自从那之后”。
18._,theInternetwasonlyusedbythegovernment.Butnowitswidelyusedineveryfield.【2013山东德州,25】A.AsusualB.AtfirstC.AfterallD.SofarAsusualA“和平常一样”,