课件高一英语定语从句讲解.docx
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课件高一英语定语从句讲解
高一定语从句讲解
第一讲
1、功能：
相当于形容词，修饰名词或代词，在句中作定语
定语从句的结构：
先行词+关系词+句子剩余部分
一：
先行词：
被定语从句所修饰的词：
用户_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
二：
关系代词：
用来连接定语从句，并在从句中代表先行词的代词作用：
引导定语从句代替先行词在从句中起作用。
先行词:
that,which,who,whose,as
先行词为人：
whosewhothat
先行词为物：
thatwhich
在从句中充当的成分：
主语、宾语表语定语
（1）先找关系词，看先行词指的是什么。
（2）看关系词在从句中所充当的成分。
e.g.把下列每对句子合并成含有定语从句的主从复合句
Heisateacher,theteacherteachesusChinese.
Heisateacherwho/thatteachesusChinese.
1.Theyhadaradio.Itcouldsendoutmessages.
Theyhadaradiowhich/thatcouldsendoutmessage.（主语）
2.Thegirlismybestfriend.Shespokejustnow.
3.Healwaysbuyssomebooks.Heneverreadthem.
强化练习
1Wearetryingtohelpthosechildren_____losttheirparentsinYushu,QinghaiProvince.
A.whichB.whenC.whoD.whose
2Doyouknowthegirl_______issingingintheclassroom?
A.whoB.w
hichC.when
3Jimdislikespeople_______talkmuchbutneverdoanything.
A.whomB.whenC.whoseD.who
4Haveyoufoundtheanswertothequestion______Iaskedyouthismorning?
A.whenB.whatC.that
5Friendsarethosemakeyousmile，alwaysopentheirheartstoyouandencourageyoutosucceed
AwhichBwhatCwhomDwho
高考链接：
1Women__drinkmorethan2cupsofcoffeeadayhaveagreaterchanceofhavingheartdiseasethanthose__don’t（2006北京）
A.who;/B./;whoC.who;whoD./;/
2Heownsalittleshop_sellsalotofgoods_arenecessarytothepeople_arelivingnearby.
A.where,that,whoB.that,which,C./,which,whoD.which,that,who
注意点：
（打印给学生）
1.）定语从句一般直接跟在先行词的后面：
e.g.4.Themanwholivesnextdoorsellsvegetables.
Themansellsvegetableswholivesnextdoor.（×）
5.Thecarwhichmyunclejustboughtwasdestroyedintheearthquake.
Thecarwasdestroyedintheearthquakewhichmyunclejustbought.（×）
2．）关系代词在从句中作宾语时可以省略：
e.g.6.Theyoungman（whom）yousawwasourmanager.
7.Thereissomething（that）wemustkeepinmind.
第二讲
whose的用法：
关系代词与其后的名词构成所有格，即“的”时，它既可以修饰指人的先行词，也可以修饰指物的先行词。
e.g.1.Thegirlismydaughter.Herworkgotthefirstprize.
Thegirlwhoseworkgotthefirstprizeismydaughter.
2.Thebookisnotmine.Thecoverofitisred.
Thebookwhosecoverisredisnotmine（Thebookthecoverofwhichisredisnotmine）
3.Doyouknowanyone?
HisfamilyisinXi’an.
4.Iliveintheroom.Thewindowsofitfacesouth.
5.Thechairhasbeenrepaired.Thelegofitwasbroken.
强化练习
1johnistheboy_____legswerebadlyhurtintheaccident.
A.whoseB.thatC.whoD.Which
2"Getnewknowledgebyreviewingtheold"isafamoussayingbyConfucius（孔子）.Hewasagreatthinkerwordsstillhaveagreateffectonmillionsofpeoplearoundtheworldtoday.
A.whoB.who'sC.Whose
3LiMeiisthestudent_________handwritingisthebestinourclass.
A.whoseB.whomC.whoD.that
高考连接：
1.Look out!
Don’t get too close to the house______roof is under repair.
A.whose B.which C.of which D.what
2StephenHawkingbelievesthattheearthisunlikelytobetheonlyplanet______
lifehasdevelopedgradually.
A.thatB.whereC.whichD.Whose
3Aperson______emailaccountisfullwon’tbeabletosendorreceiveanyemails.
A.whoB.whomC.whoseD.Whoever
Thatwhich用法
1）用that而不用which的情况
①先行词为不定代词all,anything,nothing,,little,few,muchsomethingsomeone
Irefusetoaccepttheblameforsomething_____wassomeoneelse’sfault.
A.whoB.thatC.whichD.What
—Nowmanypeoplesmokeandgetill.
—Soweshoulddosomething______canhelpstopsmoking.
A.whatB.whoC./D.that
②先行词有最高级修饰，有序数词修饰；
Thefirstthingthatyouneedtocomeupwithisanideaforyourclub.
Thefirstthing_____mybrotherisgoingtodothisafternoonistowritealetter.
A.whichB.thatC.whyD.who
③先行词有theonly,thevery,any,thesame,thelast等词修饰；
Thisistheonlythingthathecanremember.
Heistheonlyoneoftheworkers____englishinthefactory.
AthatknowsBthatknowCwhohasknownDwhohaveknown
④先行词既有人又有物时。
Imisstheteachersandthekindergarten__myparentsthinkhighlyof.（2009金华十校联考）
A.whoB.whereC.whichD.that
用which而不用that的情况。
that用法真有趣，俩个地方它不去
逗号之后它不去，介词之后不考虑
第三讲介词+which关系代词在从句中作介词宾语时，介词常可以提前，但介词提前时，关系代词只能用which或whom
e.g.Themantowhomyoutalkjustnowisafamousrunner.
Thechaironwhichheissittingnowismadeofwood.
Thatistheteacherfromwhomwehavelearnedalot.
高考链接：
1.Frank’sdreamwastohavehisownshop______toproducetheworkingsofhisownhands.
A.thatB.inwhichC.bywhichD.how
2.Ihavemanyfriends,some_______arebusinessmen.
A.ofthemB.fromwhichC.whoofD.ofwhom
3.Wesawseveralnativesadvancingtowardsourparty,andoneofthemcameuptous,______wegavebellsandglasses.
A.towhichB.towhomC.withwhomD.withwhich
4.Guncontrolisasubject____Americanshavearguedforalongtime.
A.ofwhichB.withwhichC.aboutwhichD.intowhich
5.Themanpulledoutagoldwatch,______weremadeofsmalldiamonds.
A.thehandsofwhomB.whomthehandsof
C.whichthehandsofD.thehandsofwhich
6.Ericreceivedtrainingincomputerforoneyear,______hefoundajobinabigcompany.
A.afterthatB.afterwhichC.afteritD.afterthis
7.Alexaskedthepoliceman______heworkedtocontacthimwhenevertherewasanaccident．
A.withhimB.whoC.withwhomD.whom
8.Inthedarkstreet，therewasn'tasingleperson______shecouldturnforhelp．
A.atB.whoC.fromwhomD.towhom
As的用法
as引导定语从句时的用法
1.as引导限制性定语从句通常用于thesame…as,such…as结构中。
e.g.SuchmachinesasareusedinourworkshoparemadeinChina.
2.as引导非限制性定语从句既可放在主句之前，也可放在主句之后，用来修饰整个句子。
常用下列句型:
asisknowntoall,asissaid,asisreported,asisannounced,asweallknow,asIexpect等。
e.g.AsIexpected,hegotthefirstplaceagaininthismid-termexamination.
Asisknowntousall,Chinaisacountrywithalonghistoryofcivilization
as在引导非限定时一般放句首或句尾，并有逗号隔开。
而which引导的从句不放句首。
强化练习
1__isoftenthecase,mymotherhasthefinalsayintheargument.（2008云南一次质检）
A.WhichB.AsC.ThatD.What
2Thepricesofhouses,______isoftenreported,havebeengoingupsharplyinthepastfewmonths.
A.whichB.itC.asD.what
3TheBeatles,manyofyouareoldenoughtoremember,camefromLiverpool.（天津卷）
A.whatB.thatC.howD.as
限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句
限制性定语从句：
从句与主句关系密切，去掉从句，主句意义不完整，甚至不合逻辑。
e.g.Iwastheonlypersoninourofficewhowasinvited.
非限制性定语从句：
从句对先行词关系不密切，去掉定从句，意思仍然完整。
形式上用逗号隔开，不能that用引导。
e.g.Tom’sfather,whoisoversixty,stillworksharddayandnight.
（who引导非限制性定语从句，整个句子可分成两句来翻译）
指代前面整个主句的意思；用which
e.g.Hehadfailedinthemathsexam,whichmadehisfatherveryangry.
1Itisthethirdtimethathehaswontherace,____hassuprisedusall.
A.ThatBwhereCwhichDwhat
2Aftergraduatingfromcollege,Itooksometimeofftogotravelling,______turned
outtobeawisedecision.
A.thatB.whichC.whenD.where
介词+关系代词。
1Mariahaswritten2novels,bothof——havebeenmadeintotelevisionseries.
AthemBthatCwhichDwhat
2IwishtothankProfessorli,without____helpiwouldneverhavegotthisfar.
AwhoBwhoseCwhomDwhich
第三讲
.关系副词：
when,where,why
1.内容：
关系副词when/where/why
时间用when原因why，地点where
2.用法：
关系副词在定语从句中做状语
Eg：
IwillshowyoutothefactorywhichproducesthiskindofTVsets.
Iwillshowyoutothefactorywherehehasworkedforfiveyears.
Idon’tknowthereasonwhy/forwhichhedidit.
MrBlackwouldneverforgetthedaywhenhewasbitterlypunished.
Idon’tbelievethereasonthathegaveforhisdecision.
Anotherreasonwhyhemadethisdecisionisthathehadtoconsiderthefeelingsofothers.
Istillrememberthedaywhichwespenttogether.
IstillrememberthedaywhenIfirstcametoHongKong
关系副词=介词+which
Iwillneverforgetthedaywhen/onwhichIwenttouniversity.
Thereasonforwhich/whyhewasfiredwasnotclear.
Thisisthehousewhere/inwhichheusedtolive.
Iknowofaplaceinwhich/wherewecanswim
高考链接：
1StephenHawkingbelievesthattheearthisunlikelytobetheonlyplanet______
lifehasdevelopedgradually.
A.thatB.whereC.whichD.whose
2Wheredidyougettoknowher?
—Itwasonthefarm_____weworked.
thatB.thereC.whichD.where.
3---Wheredidyoufindyourfavoriteshoes,Jackson?
---Itwasinthebox______myfatheroftenputshisshoes.
A.thatB.whereC.whichD./
4“Wheredidyoufindtheprofessorwhomadethespeechyesterday?
”“Itwasinthehall_________thestudentsoftenhaveameeting.”
A.whereB.whichC.thatD.when
地点模糊化
1.Aftergraduationshereachedapointinhercareer__sheneededtodecidewhattodo.
A.thatB.whatC.whichD.where
2.Today,we’lldiscussanumberofcasesbeginnersofEnglishfailtousethelanguage
properly.
A.whichB.asC.whyD.where
3.Thosesuccessfuldeafdancersthinkthatdancingisanactivity_____sightmattersmorethan
hearing.
A.whenB.whoseC.whichD.where
4.It’shelpfultoputchildreninasituationtheycanseethemselvesdifferently.
A.thatB.whenC.whichD.where
5.—Doyouhaveanythingtosayforyourselves?
—Yes,thereisonepoint____wemustinsiston.
A.whyB.whereC.howD./
6.Rememberthatthereisstillonepoint______wemustmakeclearattheconferencetomorrow.
A.whereB.whyC.whenD.that
7.Wemustr
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