黑龙江省哈尔滨四中学年高二下期末考试英语试题及答案.docx

黑龙江省哈尔滨四中学年高二下期末考试英语试题及答案.docx

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黑龙江省哈尔滨四中学年高二下期末考试英语试题及答案

黑龙江省哈尔滨四中2013-2014学年高二下期末考试英语试题及答案

考试时间：

13:

00~14:

40满分：

120分

第一部分：

阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）

第1节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳答案

A

Fumblingwiththebuttonstofindagoodsongwhiledrivinghasbeenlinkedtoincreasedriskofcrashes,butislisteningtomusicrisky?

Thestudyfoundteenagedriverswhoplayedtheirownmusichadsignificantlymoretrafficviolationscomparedwithbackgroundmusicdesignedbytheresearcherstominimizedrivingdistractions,ornomusic.

ResearchersatBenGurionUniversityinIsraelrecruited85driversabout18yearsold:

justoverhalfweremale.Thesubjectswereeachassignedtodrivesixchallengingroadtripsthatwereabout40minuteslong,accompaniedbyanexperienceddrivinginstructor.Musicwasplayedonfourtrips,twowithselectionsfromthedrivers’playlists,mostlyfast-pacedvocals,andtwowithbackgroundmusic,whichwasablendofeasylistening,softrockandlightjazzininstrumentalandvocalarrangementsdesignedtomakethesubjectssafer.Nomusicwasplayedontwotrips.Subjectsratedtheirmoodaftereachtripandin-cardatarecordersanalyzeddrivers’behavioranderrors.

All85subjectscommittedatleastthreeerrorsinoneormoreofthesixtrips;27receivedaverbalwarningand17requiredsteeringorbrakingbyaninstructortopreventanaccident.Whenthemusicwastheirown,98%madeerrors;withoutthemusic,92%madeerrors;andwhilelisteningtothesafe-drivingmust,77%madeerrors.Speeding,followingtooclose,inappropriatelaneuse,one-handeddrivingandweavingwerethecommonviolations.

Themalesubjectsweremoreaggressivedriversandmademoreseriouserrorsthanfemalesubjects.Theteensplayedtheirownmusicataveryloudvolumebutsignificantlydecreasedthesoundlevelwhenlisteningtothesafe-drivingmusic,researcherssaid.Moodratingswerehighestontripswithdriver-preferredmusic.

1.WhatisthekeyinformationtheauthorwantstogiveinParagraph1?

A.Manydriversplayedtheirfavoritemusicwhiledriving.

B.Driversshouldn’tsearchforthebuttonstofindagoodsong.

C.Songselectionshasnothingtodowithincreasedriskofcrashes.

D.Listeningtocertaintypesofmusiccanincreasedrivers’errors.

2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“subjects”referto?

A.Somethingbeingdiscussed

B.Peoplebeingwrittenabout

C.Peoplebeingtested

D.Areasofknowledgeorstudy

3.Intheresearch,softrockandlightjazzarelikelyto______.

A.increasedrivers’safetyB.addtothepleasureofdriving

C.changedrivers’ideaofsafedrivingD.lowerdrivers’guardagainstdanger

4.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatintheresearch_____.

A.theteenscommittedthemosterrorsB.themaleweremoreskillfulindriving

C.travelingwithnomusicmadetheleasterrorsD.driver-preferredmusicincreasedthemoodratings

B

Dogsareabletohelpallsortsofpeoplewithdisabilitieslivetheirlives.NowamanfromteUnitedKingdomhasmadeadog-controlledwashingmachinesothatdogscanhelpthesepeoplewiththeirlaundrytoo!

JohnMiddletonoflaundrycompanyJTMinventedthe“WooftoWash”washingmachinethatmakesiteasierforpeoplewithdisabilitiestogettheirclothesclean.

Loading,starting,andemptyingregularwashingmachinesinvolvesmovementsthatmostofusdon’tthinktwiceaboutandtakeforgranted.Butdoinglaundrycanbedifficultforpeoplewhohaveautism（孤独症）,areblind,havelearningdisabilities,orhavelimitedmovementintheirhands.

“Wedevelopedthismachinebecausemainstreamproductswithcomplexdigitalcontrolsseldommeetheneedsofthedisabledusers,”explainedMiddleton.

“ButthenIsawavideofromthecharitySupportDogs,whereadogstripsabedandloadsthewashingmachine.IwascompletelyblownawayandinstantlythoughtIcouldinventamachinewherethedogdoeseverything.SoIgotintouchwithSupportDogsandtheylovedtheidea.Theysaiditwouldbeahugehelptotheirseverelydisabledusers.”

WithMiddleton’swasher,supportdogsofallshapesandsizescanbetrainedtobeloadtheclothes,barktoturniton,andopenthedoorwithapushofapawandpullastringtounloadthewashing.

ThedogsarecurrentlybeingtrainedbySupportDogs,and,fornow,theywillonlybeavailabletotheUKcitizenswithdisabilities.

JTM’swebsitesaysthat,“PlansareunderwayforthisgroundbreakingmachinetoimprovethequalityoflifeandindependenceforthousandsofpeoplewithwiderangingdisabilitiesacrosstheUK.”

5.AccordingtoMiddleton,thecommonwashingmachines_____.

A.aredesignedforspecialpurposesB.arecompletelycontrolledbythemselves

C.areproduceddigitallyforpeopletouseD.aredifficultforthedisabledtooperate

6.Ifthedogwantstoemptywashingmachines,heshould_____.

A.barktothemachineB.openthedoor

C.pullastringD.biteabuttononthemachine

7.WhatdoweknowabouttheWooftoWashwashingmachine?

A.AnydogscanbetrainedtooperateitB.ItiswidelysoldinEnglandatpresent

C.DogsforitarebeingtrainedbyJohnD.Itisdesignedespeciallyforthedogs.

8.Thebesttitleforthepassagemaybe“_____”.

A.AwashingmachinedesignedbyadisabledpersonB.Thedog-friendlywashingmachine

C.ThelatestwashingmachineintheworldD.Themachinespeciallydesignedfordogs

C

Human’sappetiteforproteinissopowerfultatwearedriventocontinueeatinguntilwegettherightamountofprotein,evenifitmeansconsumingfarmoreenergythanweneed,accordingtonewresearchfromtheUniversityofSydney’sCharlesPerkinsCentre.PublishedonlineinObesityReviews,theresearchshowsthemaindrivefordietaryproteincouldbeakeyfactorintheglobalobesityproblem.

Theresearchgatheredtheresultsof38publishedexperimentaltrialsmeasuringtheunrestrictedenergyintakeofpeopleindifferentdiets,alsotakingintoaccounttheages,bodymassindexes（BMIs）anddiettimes.

“WefoundthatregardlessofyourageofBMI,yourappetiteforproteinissostrongthatyouwillkeepeatinguntilyougetenoughprotein,whichcouldmeanyou’reeatingmuchmorethanyoushould,”saidDrAlisonGosby,leadauthoroftheresearchattheUniversityofSydney’sCharlesPerkinsCentre.

Asdietsshifttowardsanincreasedproportionoffoodsthatarehigherincarbohydrateorfat,availableproteinisreducedandenergyintakenecessarilyincreases.

“Forexample,whenyouconsumethingslikesoftdrinks,whicharefairlylowinproteinbuthighincalories,yourenergyintakewillincreasebecauseyou’llneedtokeepeatingtogettheproteinyouneed.Ifyouaddasoftdrinktoyourlunchthenyou’veaddedalotofcalories,butyou’llstillhavetoeatthesameamountoffood.”

“Thestrengthofournutritionaldrivefroproteinisfrighteningwithinournutritionalenvironment,wheretherearealargenumberoflow-proteinfoodsconsumedonaregularbasis,”DrGosbysays.“Wehaveshownthatwhenpeoplearetryingtoloseweighttheyneedtolookatmacronutrient（常量营养物）composition,notjustcalories.Ifyoucutoutcaloriesbuddon’tconsiderproteinintake,you’regoingtobehungryandyourdietwon’tbesuccessful.”

DrGosbysaysthefindingscouldprovideanewtoolinthefightagainstoverweightandobesity,whichcurrentlyaffectsmorethan60percentofadultsandoneinfourchildreninAustralia.

9.Inthepassage,theauthorwantstotellusthat_____.

A.lackofproteinleadstoovereatingB.humansshouldadjusttheirtastes

C.proteinisveryimportanttohealthD.lackofexercisecausesoverweight

10.ItcanbeinferredfromParagraph4andParagraph5that_____.

A.itisnecessarytohavedifferentdiets

B.theintakefoodshouldberichincalories

C.softdrinksshouldberemovedfrommarket

D.parentsmustlimitsoftdrinkstochildren

11.AccordingtoDrGosby,wecanknowthat_____.

A.peoplepreferlow-proteinfoodsindailylife

B.reducingdailyintakeofproteiniseffectiveinlosingweight

C.reducingcaloriesleadstoasuccessfulweightloss

D.overhalfofAustralianadultsareoverweight

D

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