自然拼读法Phonics基本规则.docx

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自然拼读法Phonics基本规则.docx

自然拼读法Phonics基本规则

自然拼读法(Phonics)基本规则

1.二十六个字母的读音(LetterSounds).

 五个元音字母(a,e,i,o,u),每个发两种音:

长音(其字母音)和短音

y不在单词开头时,一般被看做元音

2.单元音单词拼读(Consonant-Vowel-ConsonantCombinations)

如果一个英语单词或音节里只有一个元音,且元音不在末尾,这个元音一般发短音.

如:

Sam,cat,mat,等等.

EndingConsonants

OneVowelWord,ShortVowelSounds

BeginningConsonants

3.双元音单词拼读(TwoVowelWords):

一个单词或音节里有两个元音时, 一般来说,前边一个元音发长音(其字母音), 后边一个元音不发音.

如:

make,mail,may,hay,say,see,sea,meet,meat,key,five,nine,tie,road,coat,toe,cute等等.

4.双/三辅音在一起时的联读(ConsonantBlends)

Beginningconsonantblends(bl,br,cl,cr,dr,fl,fr,gl,fr,pl,pr,sc,sk,sl,sm,sn,sp,st,sw,tr,tw,scr,spl,str)

Endingconsonantblends(ft,lf,lm,lp,lt,mp,nd,nk,nt,pt,sk,st)

Wordsendinginll,ss,ff

Consonantdigraphs(ch,th,sh,wh)

5.特殊读法

(1)–带元音的特殊读法(IrregularVowels)

igh,ing,ind,ild,ar,or,oi,oy,alt,alk,ost,old,er,ir,ur,ew,sion,tion,eigh,all,ow,ow,ou,ay,ous,ed,ed(t),ed(d),aw,au,oo,oo

以上字母组合作为整体音节发音。

需记住它们所发的音。

Examples:

ar(car,far),air(hair),are(hare),au,augh(caught),aw(hawk)

al,all(all,tall,mall,hall),alk(talk,walk),alt(halt,salt),ay(may,play)

ew(new,few),eigh(eight,weight),

ed:

usays/ed/:

patted,landed,lifted

usays/t/:

walked,hopped,stopped

usays/d/:

cried,played,chewed

er(sister,brother),ir(girl,fir,firm),ur(burn,hurt)

ie(field),ing(king,sing,dancing),ind(find,kind,behind),ild(mild,wild,child),igh(high,night,light),ire

oi(oil,boil),oy(boy,toy),old(old,cold),ost(most,host),olt,

oo(book),oo(tool,school),or(or,for,horn),

ow(读音一:

cow,now,how,bow; 读音二:

bow,low,blow,snow),

ou(shout,out,loud)

ould(could,would),ough(五种不同的读音:

cough,through,ought,slough,plough),

ought,,ous(famous,nervous),

ue(cruel),ui(fluid)

tion(attention,fiction),sion(passion,expression),

endingsounds:

ang,ong,ung,edge,le

6.特殊读法

(2)

 如果一个单词或音节里只有一个元音,而且元音在末尾, 这个元音一般发长音(其字母音)(Vowelattheend).

如:

me,hi,go,baby,table,humor,hibernate等等。

Y在末尾(作为元音处理)(yattheend):

u单音节词,没有其他元音,y发”I”(onesyllableword,yattheend(pronouncedas“I”)):

my,why,fly,sky

u多音节词,y发”E”的音(twoormoresyllables,yattheend(pronouncedas“E”)):

daddy,

mommy,baby,honey,crazy

7.特殊读法(3)-固定读音的单词(SightWord):

is,are,the,a,to,here,hey,have,son,love,come,give,field……等.

它们不遵守前边的发音规则,需要死记硬背。

8.特殊读法(4)–辅音的特殊读法

有一些辅音不发音(silent

consonants).

uuSilentb:

comb,lamb

uuSilenth:

ghost

uuSilentk:

knife,knock,knob,know…

uuSilentw:

write,wrist,wreck…

"c"和"k"在一起时, 发一个音:

quick,black等.

"q"总是和"u"在一起:

quite,quick,quit,quilt等.

之所以指出这一点,是在这里u不能再被认为是元音,而是和q一起组成一个辅音组合.于是,在quite这个单词里只有两个元音,是双元音单词,第一个元音i发字母音,第二个元音e不发音.

"p"和"h"在一起,发/f/的音:

phone,photo.

复数s及末尾s的读音(Pluralsandthesoundsofendings)

c和g的两种读音:

uu如果i(或y)或者e跟在c或者g的后边,c发/s/,g发/j/的音:

center,cigar,nice,mice,gem,giant,gym,page.

uu其他情况下,c发/k/,

g发/g/:

can,clap,cup,great,glad,got,goat,log.

uu特殊情况:

get,give

9.多音节单词和复合词(Wordswithmultiplesyllablesandcompoundwords)

多音节单词:

believe,multiple,syllable,compound

复合词:

homework,highway,sidewalk,inside,outside

1.自然拼读法的第一步是掌握二十六个字母的读音(Letter

Sounds).其中五个元音字母(a,e,i,o,u)发两种音。

2.第二步是进行单元音字母的拼读练习,如:

Sam,cat,mat,等等.

3.第三步,是固定读音的单词:

the,a,is,to,have等.

4.第四步,是一个单词里有两个元音时,前边一个元音发字母音,后边一个元音不发音,如:

make,made,sea,five,nine,road等等.

5.第五步,是双/三辅音在一起时怎么联读,如:

bl(ack),str(eet)等;有一些辅音不发音,如:

ghost,comb,lamb等;要掌握一下和"h"联在一起的发音:

ch,sh,th,wh。

6.第六步,是特殊读法:

单音节词,以元音结尾,这个元音发字母音.如:

me,hi,go等等

Irregular:

ar(car),ay(hay,may,say),igh(high,night,might),ew(new),

er(sister,brother),ur(burn,hurt),ir(girl,fir,firm),or(horn),eigh

(eight),oi(oil,boil),oy(boy),ow等有其特别的发音."c"和"k"在一起时,发一个音:

quick,black等.

自然拼音拼读练习表

第一天:

aeioua_ee_ei_eo_eu_e

Aa:

matmapbagcathatfanbatapple

Ee:

eggwellredpennethenbedbell

Ii:

licksixbibpigpinkissinkhill

Oo:

oxonoctopusboxsockoperateostrich

Uu:

sunumbrellacupbusnutgununcleunder

capenametapelakegamemaketakehate

theseJapaneseChinese

bitefiveninekiteminenicerideside

rosenoseropenoteposehomerodethose

tubecubeJunecutehuge

第二天:

aiayeeeaeyieighoaowuiue

ai:

tailrainpaintpainjailrailnailmaid

ay:

bayraywaysayhaypayMaylay

ee:

reedseelbeepeeljeepfeetseeteeth

ea:

seameatpeanuteaglepeachtealeafpea

ey:

donkeymonkeyjockeyturkeymonkeyhockeykeytrolley

ie:

tiepieliedie

igh:

rightsightnighttighthightfighthighsigh

oa:

roadtoasttoadcoalgoatboatcoatsoap

ow:

rainbowpillowyellowwindowbowlrowhollowlow

ui:

suitjuicefruit

ue:

Suebluegluetrue

第三天:

areriruror

ar:

armcararmchaircardcartfarmparkgarden

er:

sisterbrotherunderroosterwintermermaidmarkermother

ir:

birthdaycircusdirtybirdcircledirtgirl

ur:

turtlesurfingturkeyfurhurtpursenurse

or:

porchporkhorsehornfortmorningcornfork

第四天:

ouowoioyauawooooea

ou:

houseoutmouthcountfountainmountainshoutmouse

ow:

cowtowelclownowlcrownbrownflowertower

oi:

coinoilpointnoiseboilsoilpoisoncoil

oy:

oysterboycowboysoytoy

au:

augustsausesausagenaughtyautumnapplause

aw:

pawdrawsawstrawstrawberrylawn

oo:

moonzooroofroosterbootsfoodspoonroomcoolfoolboomfoolish

oo:

bookcookgoodfootlookhook

ea:

headsweatersweatpearleadbearleatherfeather

第五天:

chshwhphththknwrmb

ch:

beachlunchcheesebenchchurchchickenchaircherry

sh:

sheepshirtshipfishdishpushshoesshovel

wh:

whalewhitewheelwheatwhipwhistlewheelchairwhisper

ph:

photoelephanttelephonetrophypharmacyalphabet

th:

brotherfeatherleatherfathermother

th:

thumbthreebathmatthirstythiefbathmouthteeth

kn:

knobkneeknifeknockknit

wr:

wristwrinklewrapwreathwrite

mb:

thumblambbombcombcrumbnumb

第六天:

blflplclglbrcrgrprfrtrdr

bl:

blueblackblousebloombleachblanketblondehair

fl:

flatfluflyflameflutefloorflagflower

pl:

planeplayplusplanetplatformplumplateplant

cl:

clockcloudcleanclayclimbcloseclapclown

gl:

gloveglobeglassglueglassesglider

br:

brightbrookbrimbridebrownbreadbrickbrother

cr:

crowncrabcreamcrowcrayoncrocodilecrycroissant

gr:

graygreengrassgrapesgroundgrowgrandma

pr:

prixepriceprawnpressprinceprincesspray

fr:

frogfrostFridayFrenchfriesfruitfrontfriendframe

tr:

tractortrucktraintraytreetriangletrunktrolley

dr:

dreamdrumdrydropdrawdrivedressdrink

第七天:

smsnslswspstscskallewy

sm:

smilesmallsmellsmokesmooth

sn:

snowmansnowsnoresnakesnailsneakerssneakerssnack

sl:

slowslapsleepslideslopesled

sw:

switchswallowswanswimsweetswingsweatersweat

sp:

spiderspaceshipspinachspoonspell

st:

stockingsstorestarstampstormstickstudentstand

sc:

scarfscooterscannerscarecrowscalescorpionscoop

sk:

skunkskisskirtskates

all:

calltallfallballwall

ew:

dewfewviewhewnewnephewnewspaper

Yy:

skyflydryspytypeshycrymyYy:

Minysunnypuppydizzydirtypony

happybaby

自然拼音强化练习:

Tonguetwister

1.Abigblackbearsatonabigblackbug.

2.Abigblackbugbitabigblackdogonhisbigblacknose!

3.Cat,Cat,catchthatfatrat.

4.Afatcatcatchesamadrat.

5.Bluegluegun,greengluegun.

6.Blackbackground,brownbackground.

7.Anoisynoiseannoysanoyster.

8.Agoodcookcancookgoodcookies.

9.AtnoonItookagoodbook,andsat

bythepoolinthewood.Isoontookoffmyboot.Andputmyfootinthepool.Oh!

Howcool,howcool.

10.Thehunterandhishugehorsehidebehindinhouse.

11.BettybetterbutterBrad'sbread.

12.Twotinytigerstaketwotaxistotown.

13.Thefirstisthefirst.Thethirdisthethird.Thethirdcanbethe

first,Thefirstcanbethethird.

14.Sir,thisgirlwearingadirtyskirtisnotthefirst,butthethird.

15.Afleaandaflyflewupinaflue.Saidtheflea,"Letus

fly!

"Saidthefly,"Letusflee!

"Sotheyflewthroughaflawin

theflue.

16.Iwishyouwereafishinmydish.

17.Jean'sthreesheeparenearthegreenjeep.

18.Therearethirty-threethousandthreehundredandthirty-threefeathersonthatbird'sthroat.

19.Neitherfathernormotherlikesthisweather.

20.It’sagoat,sittinginaboat,wearingacoatandwritinganote.It’sa

bear,sittingonachair,holdingapearandcombingitshair.It’sacock,sitting

onarock,wearingasockandlookingataclock.It’safly,wearingatie,holding

apieandwavinggoodbye.

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