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版英语高三一轮复习系列大一轮复习讲义话题版浙江话题Unit8

Ⅰ.单词拼写

1.Thirtyyearslater,awomanapproached(靠近)meinapublicplace.(2018·天津)

2.IhaveafulldayofclassesonMondayandabirthdaypartytoattend(参加)onTuesday.

3.Irealizedrunningwasabattleagainstmyself,notaboutcompetition(比赛)orwhetherornotIwasathletic.(2018·北京)

4.Meanwhile,thingsthatyoumightexpecttodiscourage(劝阻)spending—“bad”tables,crowding,highprices—don’tnecessarily.(2018·江苏)

5.Icansolvetheproblemsinworkingeffectively(有效地).

6.Thedisappearanceofdinosaursisnotnecessarilycausedbyastronomicalincidents.Butalternativeexplanations(解释)arehardtofind.(2017·江苏)

7.Parishadsufferedasuddenheartfailure(衰竭).(2017·北京)

8.Shehadrichimagination(想象力)andshewasbrave.

9.Thismethod(方法)providedareadoutforhowhomeenergyusehasevolvedsincetheearly1990s.(2018·全国Ⅰ)

10.Iwokeupsweatingandnervous(不安的),butreadytoprovesomethingtomyself.(2018·北京)

Ⅱ.单句语法填空

1.Thetrainingschedule,apartfromregulartraining,includesjoining(join)inavarietyofactivities.

(2018·天津)

2.Theyarriveattheclassinlowspirits(spirit)andtheyleavewithasmile.(2018·全国Ⅲ)

3.There’snothingmorerewarding(reward)thanputtingsmilesonthefacesaroundyou.

4.Ourteamwillparticipate(participate)inanationalcompetitiononbehalfofourschoolnextFriday.

5.Itsoundsfineintheory,butwillitwork?

6.Thistaskisverychallenging(challenge).

7.It’sascienceprogramontheoriginoftheuniverse.I’llgiveapresentation(present)onitinmyclasstomorrow.

8.Anyway,weshouldsparenoefforttoprotect(protect)ourmotherplanet.

9.Itwasamajoraccomplishment(accomplish)foraplayerwhohadbeeninjuredsorecently.

10.Allchecked-inbaggagemustbematchedwithapassengertravellingontheaircraft.

Ⅲ.选词填空

1.WangShuwonthe2012PritzkerArchitecturePrize—whichisoftenreferredtoastheNobelPrizeinarchitecture—onFebruary28.(2018·全国Ⅲ)

2.Iwilleventuallypayoffmydebtwiththischeck.

3.Jackhastroublekeepingupwiththerestoftheclass.

4.Thenurseisattendingtoasickmannow.

5.Focusingonthatgoalhelpsmegetthroughtoughtimes.

6.Don’tloseheart.You’llmakeitnexttime.

Ⅳ.同义词语替换

1.Alongwithyourwonderfulinvitation,youneedtohandinareport.turnin

2.HelenvolunteeredtohaveThanksgivingatherhousethisyear.offered

3.Heoftengoestothelibraryinhisfreetimetosearchfortheinformationthatheneeds.inhissparetime

4.Hegavemeapuzzledlook.confused

5.Sheworkedveryhardandfinallyshepassedtheexamination.gotthrough

approachvt.&vi.靠近,临近;走近;接洽

n.方法;接近;通道,路径

(1)anapproachto...(做某事的)方法/途径;接近,靠近

attheapproachof在快到……的时候

(2)beapproaching正在/将要接近

with...approaching在……快到的时候

(1)China’sapproachtoprotecting(protect)itsenvironmentwhilefeedingitscitizens“offersusefullessonsforagricultureandfoodpolicymakersworldwide,”saysthebank’sJuergenVoegele.(2018·全国Ⅱ)

[句式升级]

(2)Thetimeforgraduationisapproachingandwearebusywithourpapers.

①Attheapproachofgraduation,wearebusywithourpapers.(用approachn.改写)

②Withthetimeforgraduationapproaching,wearebusywithourpapers.(用with复合结构改写)

③Asthetimeforgraduationisapproaching,wearebusywithourpapers.(用as引导的时间状语从句改写)

易错点拨

(1)approach表示“……的方法/途径”时,后常接介词to;当表示某人或某物的来临时,其后常接介词of。

(2)表示“……来临”的表达有:

beapproaching,bedrawingnear,be(just)aroundthecorner,becoming等。

awardvt.授予;给予;判定

n.奖;奖品

awardsth.tosb.=awardsb.sth.把某物颁发给某人

win/receive/getanawardfor...因……而赢得/得到/获得奖项

(1)Thegoldmedalwillbeawarded(award)towhoeverwinsthefirstplaceinthebicyclerace.

(2018·天津)

(2)Shewasoneofthethreescientistsawarded(award)the2015NobelPrizeinPhysiologyorMedicinefortheirworkindevelopingeffectivedrugsagainstparasiticdiseases.

(3)Shewonanawardforheroutstandingperformance.

易错点拨

(1)要表示多少奖金,通常用“anawardof+钱数”。

(2)表示“授予”时可接双宾语。

cheatv.欺骗;作弊;舞弊

n.欺诈行为;骗子

cheatsb.outofsth.骗取某人某物

cheatsb.intodoing...欺骗某人做……

(1)Twoyoungmencheatedtheoldladyofhernecklaceandthengotaway.

两个年轻人骗走了老太太的项链,然后逃走了。

(2)Hecheatedmeintobelievingthathewasrich.

他骗我相信他很有钱。

易错点拨

 cheat用作及物动词表示“欺骗”时,其宾语通常是人而不能是物,且不能接双宾语,要表示“骗取某人的某物”,通常用cheatsb.(out)ofsth.。

(1)discouragedoingsth.阻止做某事

discouragesb.fromdoingsth.劝阻/阻止/不鼓励某人做某事

(2)discouragedadj.泄气的,沮丧的,灰心丧气的

discouragingadj.令人泄气的,令人沮丧的

discouragementn.劝阻;泄气;使人泄气的事;挫折,气馁

(1)It’sdiscouraging(discourage)thatsomanystudentshavefailed.

(2)Parentsshoulddiscouragetheirchildrenfromsmoking.

(3)Unfortunately,dealingwiththerisingwaterdoesnotmakethenativesdiscouraged(discourage).

(2018·四川广安二模)

(4)Beingconfidentcanhelpusovercomedifficultieswhenwe’reencounteredwithadversityanddiscouragement(discourage).

易错点拨

 discourage是及物动词,所以当没有宾语的时候,要考虑使用被动结构,如将“不要气馁”译成英语,不可译为“Don’tdiscourage.”,而应译为“Don’tbediscouraged.”。

discourage后面不接不定式作宾语,也不接不定式作宾补。

(1)involvesth./sb.包括,牵连某物/某人

involvesb.in(doing)sth.使某人卷入(做)某事

involvedoing...包括/牵扯到做……

(2)involvedadj.有关的;卷入的;复杂的

beinvolvedin参与;卷入;专注于……

beinvolvedwith涉及;与……有关

(3)involvementn.连累;牵连;卷入

(1)We’llmakeourdecisionandcontactthepeopleinvolved(involve).

(2)Beingasoldiercaninvolvegetting(get)killed.

(3)Morethan30softwarefirmswereinvolvedin(参与)theprojectlastmonth.

易错点拨

(1)involve是及物动词,后跟动词时要用动名词形式。

(2)involved作前置定语时,意为“复杂的”;作后置定语时意为“有关的;涉及的”。

theinvolvedproblem复杂的问题;theprobleminvolved所涉及的问题。

matchn.比赛;对手;敌手;相配者;火柴

v.敌得过;和……相匹配;使成对

(1)match...against让……同……较量;拿……与……比较

match...with...使……与……相配

(2)benomatchfor比不上……,不是……的对手

meetone’smatch遇到对手

[写出下列句子中match的汉语意思]

(1)Didyouwatchthebasketballmatchyesterday?

比赛

(2)Iwashismatchattennis.对手

(3)Youcan’tmatchhiminknowledgeofwildplants.敌得过,比得上

(4)ThenInoticedthathewaswearingshoesthatdidnotmatch.和……相配

[单句语法填空]

(5)Iwasnomatchforhimatchess.

(6)Wetrytomatchtheentertainmentswiththepreferencesoftheholidaymakers.

[用suit,fit,match的正确形式填空]

(7)Thesizeoftheshirtfitsmewellanditscolormatchesmytie,soitsuitsme.

[易混辨析] suit,fit,match

※suit侧重合乎条件、身份、口味、需要等;指衣服时,指在色调、颜色、花样等方面适合某人。

※fit侧重尺寸、大小合适,因而引申为“吻合”。

※match指大小、色调、形状、性质等方面的搭配,相当于gowith。

bymeansof用……办法;借助……

byallmeans尽一切方法;当然可以

bynomeans=notbyanymeans绝不,一点也不位于句首时,句子用部分倒装语序

(1)Sofar,everypossiblemeanshasbeentried(try),butnoneworked.

(2)Hegotintothehousebymeansof(借助于)anopenwindow.

[句式升级]

(3)I’llforgiveyouthistime,butyoushallbynomeansmakethemistakeagain.(改为倒装句)

I’llforgiveyouthistime,butbynomeansshallyoumakethemistakeagain.

易错点拨

 means表示“方式”“方法”“手段”时,单复数同形。

表示做某事的方法,means后常接ofdoingsth.,一般不接不定式。

(1)inreality事实上,实际上

realityn.[U]现实,真实;[C]事实,现实的事物

comeintoreality(梦想)实现

becomeareality成为现实

(2)realisticadj.现实的;现实主义的

(1)Heseemsself-confident,butinreality(实际上)heisveryshy.

(2)[一句多译] 他上大学的梦想已经实现了。

①Hisdreamofgoingtocollegehasbeenrealised.

②Hisdreamofgoingtocollegehascometrue.

③Hisdreamofgoingtocollegehasbecomeareality.

④Hisdreamofgoingtocollegehascomeintoreality.

spareadj.空闲的;剩下的;备用的

vt.抽出;匀出;节约;赦免

(1)sparesb.sth.(=sparesth.forsb.)为某人抽出……

sparenoefforttodo...不遗余力地做……

sparenoexpense不惜工本

tospare剩余的

(2)inone’ssparetime在某人业余时间

(1)Inmysparetime,IoftengototheEnglishCorner.

(2)Iwillsparenoefforttohelp(help)youwithyourEnglish.

(3)I’msorryIhavenotimetospare(spare)atthemoment.

(4)Theystartedofflateandgottotheairportwithminutestospare.

他们动身晚了,到达机场时只剩下几分钟了。

(5)Nowparentssparenoexpensesontheirchildren’seducation.

现在父母在孩子的教育上不吝惜花费。

beduetodosth.预期/预定要做某事

bedueforsth.期望得到某物

(1)Themeetingisn’tduetostart(start)untilthree.

会议直到三点才开始。

(2)RaynorWinnandherhusbandMothbecamehomelessduetotheirwronginvestment.

(2018·江苏)

雷诺·韦恩和她的丈夫莫斯因为他们的错误投资而无家可归。

(3)Thewagesduetohimwillbepaidtomorrow.

他应得的工资明天付给他。

(1)concentrateon(doing)sth.专心于(做)某事

concentrateone’smind/attentionon集中注意力于;致力于;专心于

(2)concentratedadj.浓缩的;密集的

concentrationn.集中;专心

(1)Becausetheplaceswherewildlifeisaccessiblearefewinnumber,touristtrafficcanbecomeconcentrated(concentrate)inspecificareas,puttingArcticvegetationatrisk.(2018·安徽六安模拟)

(2)Withhisattentionconcentrated(concentrate)onhisstudy,hedidn’tnoticemecomingin.

(3)Theboyfoundithardtoconcentratehisattentionon(集中注意力于)hisstudy.

getthrough通过;设法联系上尤指打通电话,接通;用完,耗尽;完成;到达;使某人熬过困难时期

getawayfrom从……脱离;逃脱;摆脱

getacross解释清楚,使人了解;传达

getover克服;恢复

getround/around/about走动;消息等传开

[写出下列句子中getthrough的汉语意思]

(1)WegotthroughafortunewhilewewereinNewYork!

用完

(2)ItriedtoringmygirlfriendbutIcouldn’tgetthrough.接通电话

(3)Let’sstart;there’salotofworktogetthrough.完成

(4)EveryconfusionseemedlikeabarrierIhadtogetthroughtoreachmygoal.

(2018·北京海淀区二模)

通过

易错点拨

 表示“用电话接通到(联系到)某人”用getthroughtosb.。

keepitup保持优秀成绩;继续干下去

keepback隐瞒;抑制

keepoff使……不接近;远离;减去

keepup坚持;维持;沿袭风俗、传统等

keepawayfrom使不接近;使远离

[根据语境用keep短语的正确形式填空]

(1)Theylitafiretokeepoffwildanimals.

(2)Neitherofthemistellingthewholetruth.Invariably,theykeepsomethingback.

(3)Evenwell-establishedcompaniescanscarcelykeepupwithdemand.

(4)Ifyou’reeatingahealthydiet,keepitup.

payback偿还;报复;回报

payfor花钱买;付出代价

payavisitto参观;拜访

payattentionto注意;留心

(1)ThatIcanpaybackthehelppeoplegavememakesmehappy.

我可以回报别人给我的帮助,这让我很高兴。

(2)Hehadtoworkpart-timesoastopayforhisschoolfee.

他得做兼职工作以支付学费。

(3)TheeffortsmadebyJackandhisparentspaidoff.

杰克和他父母的努力奏效了。

(1)refer...to...把……提交给……

referto...as...把……称为……

(2)in/withref

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