六年级英语上册语法.docx

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六年级英语上册语法.docx

六年级英语上册语法

现在进行时

(unit1&unit5)

一.意义——当表示现在正在进行的动作或正在发生的事。

二.:

be(am,is,are)+动词现在分词-ing形式

肯定句:

主语+be+现在分词V-ing(+其他)

eg:

Thechildrenareplayinginthepark.

否定句:

主语+be+not+动词-ing+其他.

eg:

Thechildrenarenotplayinginthepark.

一般疑问句:

Be+主语+动词-ing+其他?

eg:

Arethechildrenplayinginthepark?

Yes,theyare./No,theyarenot.

特殊疑问句:

特殊疑问词+be+主语+动词-ing+其他?

eg:

Whataretheydoingnow?

三.现在分词的构成:

(1)一般在动词末尾直接加ing,

如:

play→playingsleep→sleepinglook→looking

throw→throwingbark→barkinglisten→listening

climb→climbingcry→cryingcall→calling

wash→washingeat→eatingbrush→brushing

drink→drinkingcomb→combingclean→cleaning

go→goingdo→doingrain→raining

talk→talkinggrow→growingopen→opening

sing→singingeat→eatingwalk→walking

(2)以不发音字母e结尾的动词,先去掉e,再加ing,

如:

bite→bitingwrite→writinghave→having

dance→dancing 

(3)以重读闭音节结尾的动词,中间只有一个元音字母,词尾只有一个辅音字母,应双写末尾的辅音字母,再加ing,

如:

sittingrunningswimmingshopping

四.时间标志——now,句前的look,listen  

 

现在进行时专项练习:

一、写出下列动词的现在分词:

play________run__________swim________eat__________go_________

write________sit___________read________have_________wash

sleep________look_________throw________bark________listen_________

climb________bite_______cry_________cleancall_________

sit________shop_________brushdrinkcomb

二、用所给的动词的正确形式填空:

1.Thechildren__________________(play)intheparknow.

2.Lingling_______________(sit)onaswingnow.

3.Mymother_________________(sit)onabenchnow.

4.What_____you______(do)now?

5.Look.He_______________(sleep).

6.Thedog____________(look)atthechildrennow.

7.Look!

Mingming________________(throw)stonesatthedog.

8.Whatisourgranddaughterdoing?

She_________(drink)water.

9.It’s5o’clocknow.We_____________(have)suppernow.

10.______Helen____________(wash)clothes?

Yes,sheis

.

三、句型转换:

1.Theyaredoinghousework.(分别改成一般疑问句和否定句)

_____________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________

2.Thestudentsarecleaningtheclassroom.(改一般疑问句并作肯定和否定回答)

_________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________

3.I’mplayingthefootballintheplayground.(对划线部分进行提问)

_________________________________________________________________

4.Tomislistening.(改为否定句)

_________________________________________________________________

 

一般现在时

(unit2)

一.意义

1.表示事物或人物的特征、状态。

如:

Theskyisblue.天空是蓝色的。

  

2.表示经常性或习惯性的动作。

如:

Igetupatsixeveryday.我每天六点起床。

  

3.表示客观现实。

如:

Theearthgoesaroundthesun.地球绕着太阳转。

 

 

二.构成及变化

1.be动词的变化。

 肯定句:

主语+be(am,is,are)+其它。

如:

Iamaboy.我是一个男孩。

 否定句:

主语+be+not+其它。

如:

Heisnotaworker.他不是工人。

 一般疑问句:

Be+主语+其它。

如:

-Areyouastudent?

-Yes.Iam./No,I'mnot.

 特殊疑问句:

疑问词+一般疑问句。

如:

Whereismybike?

2.行为动词的变化。

①当主语为第一,二人称及复数时,助动词为do

 肯定句:

主语+动词原形(+其它)。

如:

 Weoftenplaybasketballafterschool.

 否定句:

主语+don't+动词原形(+其它)。

如:

wedon’tplaybasketballafterschool.

 一般疑问句:

Do+主语+动词原形+其它?

 如:

Doyouoftenplaybasketballafterschooll?

Yes,wedo./No,wedon't.

 特殊疑问句:

疑问词+以do开头的一般疑问句?

 如:

Whatdoyouoftendoafterschool?

②当主语为第三人称单数时,助动词为does

 肯定句:

主语+动词三单式(+其它)。

如:

Heswimswell.

 否定句:

主语+doesn’t+动词原形(+其它)。

如:

Hedoesn’tswimwell..

 一般疑问句:

Does+主语+动词原形+其它。

 如:

Doesheswimwell?

Yes,hedoes./No,hedoesn't.

 特殊疑问句:

疑问词+以does开头的一般疑问句?

 如:

Howdoesyourfathergotowork?

三.第三人称单数的动词变化规则(只有在第三人称为主语的肯定句中,动词才用三单式)

 

(1)多数动词直接加s:

如:

run→runsget→getslike→likesmake→makes

leave→leaveswave→waveseat→eatsclean→cleans

start→startstake→takesplay→playsclimb→climbs

tell→tellssay→sayslook→lookspick→picksturn→turns

 

(2)结尾是s,x,sh,ch,o,前为辅音字母,结尾加es:

watch→watchesgo→goesdo→doeswash→washesbrush→brushes

 (3)动词末尾y前为辅音:

将y改为i加es:

study→studiesfly→fliescarry→carriescry→cries

 但在y前如果为元音则直接加s:

buyssays

(4)不规则变化

have→has

四.时间标志:

always,usually,often,sometimes,every…

 

一般现在时专项练习:

一、用括号内动词的适当形式填空。

1.Heoften________(have)dinnerathome.

2.DanielandTommy_______(be)inClassOne.

3.We_______(notwatch)TVonMonday.

4.Nick_______(notgo)tothezooonSunday.

5.______they________(like)theWorldCup?

6.What_______theyoften_______(do)onSaturdays?

7._______yourparents_______(read)newspaperseveryday?

8.Thegirl_______(teach)usEnglishonSundays.

9.SheandI________(take)awalktogethereveryevening.

10.There________(be)somewaterinthebottle.

11.Mike_______(like)cooking.

12.They_______(have)thesamehobby.

13.Myaunt_______(look)afterherbabycarefully.

14.Youalways_______(do)yourhomeworkwell.

15.I_______(be)ill.I’mstayinginbed.

16.She_______(go)toschoolfromMondaytoFriday.

17.LiuTao_______(do)notlikePE.

18.Thechildoften_______(watch)TVintheevening.

19.SuHaiandSuYang_______(have)eightlessonsthisterm.

20.-Whatday_______(be)ittoday?

-It’sSaturday.

二、按照要求改写句子。

1.DanielwatchesTVeveryevening.(改为否定句)___________________________________________________

2.Idomyhomeworkeveryday.(改为一般疑问句,作否定回答)

________________________________________________________

3.Shelikesmilk.(改为一般疑问句,作肯定回答)

___________________________

4.Amylikesplayingcomputergames.(改为一般疑问句,作否定回答)

___________________________________________________

5.Wegotoschooleverymorning.(改为否定句)_______________________________________________________

6.HespeaksEnglishverywell.(改为否定句)___________________________________________________

7.Iliketakingphotosinthepark.(对划线部分提问)________________________________________________________

8.JohncomesfromCanada.(对划线部分提问)___________________________________________________

9.Sheisalwaysagoodstudent.(改为一般疑问句,作否定回答)

________________________________________________________

10.SimonandDaniellikegoingskating.(改为否定句)___________________________________________________

三、改错(划出错误的地方,将正确的写在横线上)

1.IsyourbrotherspeakEnglish?

__________________

2.Doeshelikesgoingfishing?

__________________

3.Helikesplaygamesafterclass.__________________

4.Mr.WuteachsusEnglish.__________________

5.Shedon’tdoherhomeworkonSundays._________________

 

一般过去时

(unit4)

一.意义:

一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态,常和表示过去的时间状语连用。

二.构成及变化

1.Be动词在一般过去时中的变化:

⑴am和is在一般过去时中变为was。

(wasnot=wasn’t)

⑵are在一般过去时中变为were。

(werenot=weren’t)

⑶带有was或were的句子,其否定、疑问的变化和is,am,are一样,即否定句在was或were后加not,一般疑问句把was或were调到句首。

2.句中没有be动词的一般过去时的句子

否定句:

didn’t+动词原形,如:

Jimdidn’tgohomeyesterday.

一般疑问句:

在句首加did,句子中的动词过去式变回原形。

如:

DidJimgohomeyesterday?

特殊疑问句:

⑴疑问词+did+主语+动词原形?

如:

WhatdidJimdoyesterday?

⑵疑问词当主语时:

疑问词+动词过去式?

如:

Whowenttohomeyesterday?

三.动词过去式变化规则:

1.一般在动词末尾加-ed,如:

want→wantedtalk→talkedstay→stayed

miss→missedlook→lookedask→askedkill→killedjump→jumped

2.结尾是e加d,如:

taste-tasted

3.末尾只有一个元音字母(a.e.i.o.u)和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节,应双写末尾的辅音字母,再加-ed,如:

stop-stopped

4.以“辅音字母+y”结尾的,变y为i,再加-ed,

如:

study-studiedtry→triedworry→worried

5.不规则动词过去式:

am/is→wasare→weredo→didsee→sawsay→saidgive→gavefly→flewsit→sathave→hadfeel→felthave→hadgo→went

get→gotcome→cameeat→atetake→tookrun→ransing→sangput→putmake→maderead→readwrite→wrotedrink→drankride→rode

draw→drewspeak→spokebring→brought

过去时专项练习:

一.写出下列动词的过去式

is\am_________fly_______plant________are________drink_________

play_______go________make________does_________dance________

worry________ask_____taste_________eat__________draw________

put______throw________kick_________pass_______do________

二、用动词的适当形式填空。

1.It______(be)Ben’sbirthdaylastFriday.

2.Weall______(have)agoodtimelastnight.

3.He________(jump)highonlastSportsDay.

4.Helen________(milk)acowonFriday.

5.Shelikes______newspapers,butshe______abookyesterday.(read)

6.He_______footballnow,butthey_______basketballjustnow.(play)

7.Jim’smother_________(plant)treesjustnow.

8._______they________(sweep)theflooronSunday?

No,they_____.

9.I_______(watch)acartoononMonday.

10.We___________(go)toschoolonSunday.

11.It_____(be)the2ndofNovemberyesterday.MrWhite________(go)tohisofficebycar.

12.GaoShan________(put)thebookonhisheadamomentago.

13.Don’t______thehouse.Mum_______ityesterday.(clean)

14.What____you______justnow?

I_______somehousework.(do)

15.They_________(make)akiteaweekago.

16.Iwantto______apples.Butmydad_______allofthemlastmonth.(pick)

17._______he______theflowersthismorning?

Yes,he_____.(water)

18.She____(be)aprettygirl.Look,she_____(do)Chinesedances.

19.Thestudentsoften_________(draw)somepicturesintheartroom.

20.What______Mikedoonthefarm?

He________cows.(milk)

21.I______anEnglishteachernow.

22.She_______happyyesterday.

23.They_______gladtoseeeachotherlastmonth.

24.HelenandNancy________goodfriends.

25.Thelittledog_____twoyearsoldthisyear.

26.Look,there________lotsofgrapeshere.

27.There________asignonthechaironMonday.

28.Today_____thesecondofJune.Yesterday______thefirstofJune.It_____Children’sDay.Allthestudents______veryexcited.

29.I______(watch)acartoononSaturday.

30.Herfather_______(read)anewspaperlastnight.

31.We_________tozooyesterday,we_____tothepark.(go)

32.______you_______(visit)yourrelativeslastSpringFestival?

33.______he_______(fly)akiteonSunday?

Yes,he______.

34.GaoShan_______(pull)upcarrotslastNationalDayholiday.

35.I____________(sweep)theflooryesterday,butmymother______.

36.What______she_______(find)inthegardenlastmorning?

She__________(find)abeautifulbutterfly.

三、句型转换。

1.Therewasacarinfro

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