机械专业英语试题及答案.docx

机械专业英语试题及答案.docx

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机械专业英语试题及答案

课程机械工程专业英语

课程性质（□必修□限选□任选）考试方式（□闭卷□开卷）

一、选择题（在每题四个备选答案中选出一个正确答案，本大题共15小题，每小题1分，总计15分）

1.Ifallpointsinalinkagemoveinparallelplanesthesystemundergoesplanarmotionandthelinkagemaybedescribedasa.

A.planarmotionB.planarlinkageC.jointsD.slide

2.Thoughframematerialanddesignshouldhandledamping,aresometimesbuiltintoframesectionstohandlespecificproblems.

A.beamsB.holesC.dampersD.screw

3.Themaximumallowabledeflectionofashaft______determinedbycriticalspeed,gear,orbearingrequirements.

A.oftenB.mustC.wasD.isusually

4.Wewillhaveto_____tobetterandbettersolutionsaswegeneratemoreinformation.

A.repeatmanytimesB.iteratingC.iterateD.tryways

5.Ifaproductconfigurationis_______specifiedandthenexaminedtodeterminewhethertheperformancerequirementsaremet.

A.finallyB.tentativelyC.temporaryD.havebeen

6.Manufacturingcanbedefinedasthe_____ofrawmaterialsintousefulproductsthroughtheuseoftheeasiestandlest-expensivemethods.

A.transformationB.processingC.processD.transforming

7.Theplanerandkneetypesofmillingmachineis_____becauseofitsflexibility.

A.usedmostcommonlyB.mostpopular

C.themostcommonlyusedD.mostpowerful

8.Asaresult,thesystemwillvibrateatthefrequencyofthe_____forceregardlessoftheinitialconditionsornaturalfrequencyofthesystem.

A.actionB.excitationC.outD.act

9.Beforetwocomponentsareassembledtogether,therelationshipbetweenthedimensionsofthematingsurfaces_______.

A.mustbegivingoutB.shouldprintedclearly

C.mustbespecifiedD.shouldbeclearlynoted

10.Themainpracticaladvantageoflowerpairsistheirbetterabilitytotraplubricantbetweentheir______surfaces.

A.envelopingB.matingC.outerD.outside

11.Theword______itselfusuallyreferstothedeteriorationofmetalsandceramics,whilesimilarphenomenainplasticsgenerallycalled______.

A.recrystallization….corrosionB.recrystallization…degradation

题号

一

二

三

四

五

六

七

八

总分

得分

C.degradation…corrosionD.corrosion…degradation

12.Mostframes_______castiron,weldsteel,composition,orconcrete.

A.aremadefromB.aremadeupof

C.wasproducedbyD.wasconsistof

13.Rotatingshaftsparticularlythosethatrunathighspeeds,mustbedesignedtoavoidoperation

atspeeds.

A.lowB.overloadC.criticalD.hollow

14.Althoughcastironisafairlycheapmaterial,eachcastingrequiresa.

A.patternB.modelC.moldD.patent

15.Thetermisusedtodescribejointswithsurfacecontact,aswithapinsurroundedbyahole.

A.highpairB.lowpairC.surfacepairD.rotarypair

二、完型填空（在每个小题四个备选答案中选出一个正确答案，本大题共15小题，每小题1分，总计15分）

Thetermshaftusuallyreferstoarelativelylongmemberofroundcrosssectionthatrotatesandtransmitspower.Oneormorememberssuchasgears,sprockets,pulleys,andcamsareusually（16）totheshaftbymeansofpins,keys,splines,snaprings,andotherdevices.Theselattermembersareamongthe“associatedparts”consideredinthistext,asarecouplingsanduniversaljoint,whichserveto（17）theshafttothesourceofpowerorload.

Ashaftcanhaveanoroundcrosssection,antitneednotnecessarilyrotate.Itcanbestationaryandserveto（18）arotatingmember,suchastheshortshaftsthatsupportthenondrivingwheelsofanautomobile.Theshaftssupporting（19）gearscanbeeitherrotatingorstationarydependingon（20）thegearisattachedtotheshaftorsupportedbyitthroughbearings.

Itisapparentthatshaftscanbesubjectedtovariouscombinationsofaxial,bending,and（21）loads,andthattheseloadsmaybestaticorfluctuating.Typically,arotatingshafttransmittingpoweris（22）toaconstanttorque（producingameantorsionalstress）togetherwithacompletelyreversedbendingload（producinganalternatingbendingstress）.

Inadditiontosatisfying（23）requirements,shaftsmustbedesignedsothatdeflectionsarewithinacceptablelimits.Excessive（24）shaftsdeflectioncanhampergearperformanceandcause（25）noise.Theassociatedangulardeflectioncanbeverydestructivetono-self-aligningbearings（eitherplainorrolling）.（26）deflectioncanaffecttheaccuracyofacamorgeardrivenmechanism.Furthermore,thegreatertheflexibility-eitherlateralortorsional-thelowerthecorresponding（27）speed.

考生注意：

考试时间120分钟试卷总分100分共5页第1页

专业

班级

学号

姓名

Sometimesmemberslikegearsandcamsaremade（28）withshaft,butmoreoftensuchmembers（whichalsoincludepulleys,sprockets,etc）aremadeseparatelyandthen（29）shaft.Theportionofthemountedmemberincontactwiththeshaftisthehub.Attachmentofthehubtotheshaftismadeinvarietyofways.Agearcanbegripped（30）betweenashoulderontheshaftandaspacer,withtorquebeingtransmittedthroughakey.Thegroovesintheshaftandhubintowhichthekeyfitsarecalledkeyways.

16、A）cementB）attachedC）connectedD）concrete

17、A）endureB）transmitC）serveD）connect

18、A）supportB）meetC）satisfyD）strong

19、A）aimsB）idlerC）terminalD）tomb

20、A）duetoB）weatherC）whetherD）for

21、A）elasticityB）torsionalC）inertiaD）acceleration

22、A）subjectedB）…connectC）andD）From

23、A）deeplyB）strengthC）clearlyunderstandD）longtime

24、A）identifyB）crossC）roundD）lateral

25、A）lucrativeB）objectionableC）attractableD）terrible

26、A）MomentB）TormentC）TorsionalD）Movement

27、A）highB）criticalC）firstD）important

28、A）workB）idealizationC）integralD）simplification

29、A）mountedontoB）refersC）referringtoD）indicates

30、A）deformationsB）bendinglimitsC）laternalD）axially

三、阅读理解（在每个小题四个备选答案中选出一个正确答案，填在题头的表中）（本大题共20小题，每小题2分，总计40分）

Text1

Engineeringdesignisasystematicprocessbywhichsolutiontotheneedsofhumankindareobtained.Theprocessisappliedtoproblems（needs）ofvaryingcomplexity.Forexample,mechanicalengineerswillusethedesignprocesstofindaneffective,efficientmethodtoconvertreciprocatingmotiontocircularmotionforthedrivetraininanintnternalcombustionengine;electricalengineerswillusetheprocesstodesignelectricalgeneratingsystemsusingfallingwaterasthepowersource;andmaterialsengineersusetheprocesstodesignablativematerialswhichenableastronautstosafelyreentertheearth’satmosphere.

Thevastmajorityofcomplexproblemsintoday’shightechnologysocietydependforsolutionnotonasingleengineeringdiscipline,butonteamsofengineers,scientists,environmentalists,economists,sociologists,andlegalpersonnel.Solutionsarenotonlydependentregulationsandpoliticalinfluence.Asengineersweareempoweredwiththetechnicalexpertisetodevelopnewandimprovedproductsandsystems,butatthesametimewemustbeincreasinglyawareoftheimpactofouractionsonsocietyandtheenvironmentingeneralandworkconscientiouslytowardthebestsolutioninviewofallrelevantfactors.

Designistheculminationofengineeringeducationalprocess;itisthesalientfeaturethatdistinguishesengineeringdesignisfoundinthecurriculumguidelinesoftheAccreditationBoardforEngineeringandTechnology（ABET）.ABETaccreditscurriculainengineeringschoolsandderivesitsmembershipfromthevariousengineeringprofessionalsocieties.Eachaccreditedcurriculumhasawell-defineddesigncomponentwhichfallswithintheABETstatementondesign

readasfollows.

Engineeringdesignistheprocessofdevisingasystem,component,orprocesstomeetdesiredneeds.Itisdecisionmakingprocess（ofteniterative）,inwhichthebasicsciences,mathematics,andengineeringsciencesareappliedtoconvertresourcesoptimallytomeetasatedobjectivesandcriteria,synthesis,analysis,construction,testing,andevaluation.Theengineeringdesigncomponentofacurriculummustincludemostofthefollowingfeatures:

developmentofstudentcreativity,useofopen-endedproblemstatementanduseofmoderndesigntheoryandmethodology,formulationofdesignproblemstatementandspecification,considerationofalternativesolutions,feasibilityconsiderations,productionprocess,concurrentengineeringdesign,anddetailedsystemdescriptions.Further,itisessentialtoincludeavarietyofrealisticconstraintssuchaseconomicfactors,safety,reliability,aesthetics,ethics,andsocialimpact.

31、what’sthemainmeaningofmessage

（1）?

A）EngineeringdesignisasystematicprocessB）materialsengineer’smainwork

C）mechanicalengineer’shasgoodideaD）electricalengineer’mainduty

32、Intheauthor’sopinion,thedesignprocessisverycomplexandshouldtakenintoaccountmanyfactors,fromthemessagewhoshouldNOTjoinintothedesignteam_______.

A）environmentalists,

B）sociologists

C）engineers

D）Governmentofficials

33、Fromthemessage,wecanknowthemeaningofwords“ABET”（atlinethirdparagraph）is_____.

A）asetofaccreditsstandard

B）akindofdesignmethod

C）adepartmentofUSgovernmentwhichresponsibleforengineeringdesign

D）Asetoflaw

34、Itcanbeconcludedfromthepassagethatintheexerciseandtrainingofstudent,whichcharacterofthefollowingisNOTincludedinthecurriculum______.

A）creativity

B）newmaterial

C）ethics

D）economicfactors

35、Thetitleofthemessageis______.

A）therolesofengineersinmanufacturing

B）theimportanceofmechanicaldesign

C）engineeringdesign

D）Theprocessofmachinedesign

TEXT2

Workingdrawingsarethecompletesetofstandardizeddrawingsspecifyingthemanufactureandassemblyofaproductbasedoni