大学商务英语复习要点doc.docx

大学商务英语复习要点doc.docx

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大学商务英语复习要点doc

Unit1

重点词汇

conjurev.想象

operationn.企业，公司

neighborhoodn.街区，街道，居民区financialadj.资金的，金融的

anticipatev.预测resourcen,财力，资源profitn,利润

revenuen.收入，收益legitimateadj.合法的

pursuev.追求

distinguishv,区分,区别开agencyn,部门,机构

runv.管理，经营institutionn.机构，团体distinctadj.不同的

manufacturingn,生产，制造entertainmentn.娱乐

enterprisen.企业wholesalern.批发商retailern,零售商

capitalisticadj.资本主义的survivev,继续生存，存活identifyv.辨认，确认spotv.识出，找到

promisingadj,有希望的entrepreneurn.企业家characteristicn.特征，特点assumev,承担

resourcefulnessn.足智多谋，善于随机应变uncertaintyn.不确定性

stereotypev.对抱有成见

self-reliantadj.自信的，依赖自己的consensusn,共识

acumenn.敏锐，洞察力

innovationn.仓ij新

indefinitelyadv.无限期地，长期地stockholdern.股东

charityn.慈善机构

特殊词组

commercialandindustrialactivities商业与工业活动financialresources财政资源

legitimateright合法权利

industrialbusiness工•业企业

commercialbusiness商业企业

wholesaler批发商

retailer零仲商

consumerchoice消费选择

consumerneeds消费需求

entrepreneur企业家

customerrelations客户关系

businessplan商业计划

businessclimate商业环境

stockholder股东

industrialactivity工业活动

重要翻译“

1.Doesitconjureupimagesofsuccessfulcorporations,suchasGeneralMotorsandIBM?

Oroflesssuccessfuloperations,suchasEnronandKmart?

你的脑海里是否会浮现出成功的公司形象，如通用汽车公司和国际商用机器公司？

或者是稍逊一等的企业，像安然和凯马特？

2.NeitherasnowblowershopinFloridanorabeachumbrellastoreinAlaskaislikelytodoverywell.

佛罗里达州的吹雪机商店或阿拉斯加州的沙滩遮阳伞商店都不可能销传得很好。

3.Althoughtoday'sentrepreneursmaybemale,theyarejustaslikelytobefemale.

虽然现在的企业家绝大多数可能是男性，但也同样可能是女性。

课后翻译

汉译英

（1）Theaccidentbrokeoutyesterday,butneitherInorthemanagerwastoldaboutit.（但我和经理都未被告知此事）.

⑵Eitheryouoryoursecretaryhastofinishtheworktodayf今天你或者秘书一定要把这工.作完成）,otherwise,itwillleaveanegativeimpactontheoverallperformanceofourfirm.

（3）Yououghttosubmityouridentificationcardtoacquirethedocument.However,eithertheoriginalorthecopywasok（原件或夏印件都可以）.

（4）Childrenintheonly-childfamilieshavebecomeratherself-centered.Forexample,neithermywifenor1canpersuadeoursontochangehisidea（我太太和我自己都无法说服我们儿了改变其想法）.

（5）Wearesorrytosaythatneitheryourproductnoryourservicemeetsourstandards（你们的产品和服务都没有达到我们的标准）.

英译汉

1）Entrepreneursarethosepeoplewhoaccepttheopportunitiesandrisksinvolvedincreatingandoperatingbusinesses.企业家就是那些在创立和经营企业过程中，能够抓住机遇、承担风险的人。

2）Thestockholdersshareinthecompany*sprofitsandelectaboardofdirectorstooverseetheprofessionalmanagerswhorunthecompany.股东们分享公司利润并选举一个董事会，以监督经营公司的职业经理人。

3）Itisuniversallyacknowledgedthatbusinessmakesapositivecontributiontothewell-beingofsociety.众所周知，商业活动为社会的福祉作出了积极的贡献。

4）Businessistheactivatingelement—theengineofgrowthandproductivity—inthebusinesssystem.Itincludesallthecommercialandindustrialactivitiesthatprovidegoodsandservicestomaintainandimproveourqualityoflife.Businesscombineshuman,material,technological,andfinancialresourcesforprofit.

5）Inourmodernsociety,someonemustacceptthechallengeandrisktobringhumanresources,materialsandcapitaltogetherbeforeagallonofmilkcanbemarketedoranautomobileproduced.Thisjobrestswiththebusinessperson.

其他重点

takeagreatleapforward:

make/achievearapidprogress大踏步跃进，飞跃

aleapinthedark盲目的冒险行动

byleapsandbounds突飞猛进

lookbeforeyouleap三思而后行

withleapsandbounds飞跃地，迅速地

leapat急切地抓住（机会等）

1nbecome/do…bydoing

e.g.Shebecameamillionairebysmugglinginthe1980s.

Thebusinessmanhasaccumulatedalotofmoneybyexportingtibroad.2nturnout

e.g.Thefactoryplanstoturnout300,000airconditionersthisyear.

Ittooktheautoplantaboutthirtyhourstoturnoutacar.

3、turn…Into

e.g.Hollywooddiscoveredherandturnedherintoastar.

JackWelchturnedGEfromatraditionalgiantintoamodernmultinational.

4^make•••Possible

e.g.Theuseofcomputershasmadeitpossibleformorepeopletoworkfromhome.

5、usherin迎接，开创

e.g.Itwillsurelyusherinanewphaseofdevelopmentifallthecountriesandregionspulltogetherintimesoftroubletoovercomedifficulties.

Somesaythecomputerhasusheredinanewera.

TheVienneseusuallyusherinthenewyearwithaconcertofmusicbyStrauss.

6^findoneselfwith/in

e.g.Thepoormanfoundhimselfwithlittlemoneyleftapproachingtheendofthatmonth.

Itwastoolatewhenshefoundherselfinadilemma.

7、EntrepreneurialEra:

创业时代

8、CaptainsofIndustry:

实业巨头

9、aggressiverisk-taking:

雄心勃勃的冒险经营

10xspectacular:

惊人的，引人注目的

11、wares:

商品，货物，物品

12、surplusgoods:

剩余产品，剩余货物

13、pent-updemand:

被抑制的需求

14、practitioners:

从业者，实践者

15、brewed:

酿造

16、exploring:

开发,开拓

课文翻译

FundamentalsofBusiness

ByCharlesW.L.Hill

Whatdoyouthinkofwhenyouhearthewordbusiness?

Doesitconjureupimagesofsuccessfulcorporations,suchasGeneralMotorsandIBM?

Oroflesssuccessfuloperations,suchasEnronandK-mart?

Areyouremindedofsmallerfirms,suchasyourlocalsupermarketorcar-repairshop?

Ordoyouthinkofevensmallerone-personoperations,suchasthedrycleaneraroundthecornerofyourneighborhood?

Businessisdefinedasallthecommercialandindustrialactivitiesthatprovidegoodsandservicestomaintainandimproveourqualityoflife.Businesscombineshuman,material,technological,andfinancialresourcesforprofit.Thisprofitisachievedbyanticipatingandsatisfyingtheneedsandwantsofpeoplethroughouttheworldandusedtorewardtheownersofbusinessesfortakingtherisksinvolvedininvestingtheirmoneyandtime.

Theprospectofearningprofits—thedifferencebetweenabusiness'srevenuesandexpenses一iswhatencouragespeopletoopenandexpandbusinesses.Thelegitimaterighttopursueprofitsdistinguishesabusinessfromthoseorganizations,suchasmostuniversities,hospitals,andgovernmentagencies,whichruninmuchthesamewaybutwhichgenerallydon'tseekprofits.

InstitutionofBusiness

Itisformedbyindustriesandbusinessfirms.Anindustryisadistinctgroupofproductivefirmsconcernedwithaparticularbusinesssuchasautomobilemanufacturingorprovidingentertainment.Abusinessfirmisanenterpriseownedandorganizedtobuy,sell,manufacture,orprovideproductsorservicestosocietyforaprofit.Thisisabroaddefinitionandincludesallsizesandtypesoffirms.Morespecifically,therearetwobasictypesofbusinessfirms:

industrialandcommercial.Industrialbusinessesincludefirmsthatareengagedinproducingthings.Commercialbusinesses,however,refertofirmsengagedinmarketing,suchaswholesalersandretailers.

ConsumerChoiceandDemandInacapitalisticsystem,businessesexistinordertoearnprofitsforownerswhoarefreetosetthemup.Butconsumersalsohavefreedomofchoice.Inchoosinghowtopursueprofits,businessesmusttakeintoaccountwhatconsumerswantandneed.Nomatterhowefficientabusinessis,itwon'tsurviveifthereisnodemandforitsgoodsorservices.NeitherasnowblowershopinFloridanorabeach-umbrellastoreinAlaskaislikelytodoverywell.

OpportunityandEnterprises

Butifenterprisescanidentifyeitherunmetconsumerneedsorbetterwaysofsatisfyingtheseneeds,theycanbesuccessful.Inotherwords,someonewhocanspotapromisingopportunityandthendevelopagoodplanforcapitalizingonitcansucceed.Theopportunityalwaysinvolvesgoodsorservicesthatconsumerswant,especiallyifnooneelseissupplyingthemorifexistingbusinessesaredoingsoinefficientlyorincompletely.

EntrepreneursandTheirCharacteristics

Entrepreneursarepeoplewhoassumetheriskofbusinessownershipwithaprimarygoalofgrowthandexpansion.Manysuccessfulentrepreneurssharecharacteristicsthatsetthemapartfrommostotherbusinessowners,forexample,resourcefulnessandaconcernforgoodcustomerrelations.Mostofthemalsohaveastrongdesiretobetheirownbosses.Manyexpressaneedto"gaincontrolovermylife"or“buildforthefamily"andbelievethatbuildingsuccessfulbusinesseswillhelpthemdoit.Theycanalsodealwithuncertaintyandrisk.

Yesterday,sentrepreneurswereoftenstereotypedas"theboss"—self-reliant,male,andabletomakequick,firmdecisions.Today"sentrepreneursareseenmoreoftenasanopen-mindedleaderwhoreliesonnetworks,businessplans,andconsensus.Althoughtoday'sentrepreneursmaybemale,theyarejustaslikelytobefemale.Pastandpresententrepreneursalsohavedifferentviewsonsuchtopicsashowtosucceed,howtoautomatebusiness,andwhentorelyonexperienceinthetradeandbasicbusinessacumen.

QualityofLife

Businessesproducemostofthegoodsandservicesweconsumeandemploymostworkingpeople.Theycreatemostnewinnovationsandprovideavastrangeofopportunitiesfornewbusinesses,whichserveastheirsuppliers.

Ahealthybusinessclimatealsocontributesdirectlytoqualityoflifeandstandardofliving.Newformsoftechnology,servicebusinesses,andinternationalopportunitiespromisetokeepproduction,consumption,andemploymentgrowingindefinitely.Businessprofitsenhancethepersonalincomesofmillionsofownersandstockholders,andbusinesstaxeshelptosupportgovernmentsatalllevels.Manybusinessessupportcharitiesandprovidecommunityleadership.（731words）

商务基本常识

当你听到工商这个词的时候会想到什么呢？

你的脑海里是否会浮现出成功的公司形象,像通用汽车公司和国际商业机器公司？

或者是稍逊一点的企业，像安然和凯马特？

你是否还想起了一些相对较小的企业，如当地的超市或是汽车修配』’？

你是否甚至会想到更小的私人企业，像你居住地附近的干洗店等？

工商活动就是为维持和提高人们的生活质量而提供商品和服务的所有商业和工业活动。

T.商活动将人、材料、技术和财政资源结合起来创造利润，通过预测和满足全世界人们的需求和欲望来获得利润。

利润是企业所有者投入资金和时间所冒风险的I』报。

期望赢取利润——企业收益和开支的差额——是激励企业家创建并扩大企业的动力。

是否拥有迫求利润的合法权利是区分企业和其他非营利性组织的标志。

那些非营利性组织,如大部分大学、医院和政府机构的运作形式虽然都相似，但不以营利为目的。

工商机构它由工业和商业企业组成。

一种工业就是某一专业领域范困内的制造商的集合，如汽车制造业或者娱乐业。

而商业企业是以营利为目的而组建起来的，从事商品和服务的购买、销售和制造并向社会