英语四级阅读试题库含答案解析.docx
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英语四级阅读试题库含答案解析
英语四级阅读题库含答案解析
1.PassageOne
Globalwarmingmayormaynotbethegreatenvironmentalcrisisofthe21stcentury,
butregardlessofwhetheritisorisn’t–wewon’tdomuchaboutit.Wewillargueover
itandmayeven,asanation,makesomefairlysolemn-soundingcommitmentstoavoid
it.Butthemoredramaticandmeaningfulthesecommitmentsseem,thelesslikelythey
aretobeobserved.
AlGorecallsglobalwarmingan“inconvenienttruth,”asifmerelyrecognizingit
couldputusonapathtoasolution.Buttherealtruthisthatwedon’tknowenoughto
relieveglobalwarming,and–withoutmajortechnologicalbreakthroughs—wecan’tdo
muchaboutit.
From2003to2050,theworld’spopulationisprojectedtogrowfrom6.4billionto9.1
billion,a42%increase.Ifenergyuseperpersonandtechnologyremainthesame,total
energyuseandgreenhousegasemissions（mainly,CO2）willbe42%higherin2050.but
that’stoolow,becausesocietiesthatgrowricherusemoreenergy.Weneedeconomic
growthunlesswecondemntheworld’spoortotheirpresentpovertyandfreeze
everyoneelse‘slivingstandards.Withmodestgrowth,energyuseandgreenhouse
emissionsmorethandoubleby2050.
Nogovernmentwilladoptrigidrestrictionsoneconomicgrowthandpersonal
freedom（limitsonelectricityusage,drivingandtravel）thatmightcutbackglobal
warming.Still,politicianswanttoshowthey’re“doingsomething.”ConsidertheKyoto
Protocol（京都议定书）.Itallowedcountriesthatjoinedtopunishthosethatdidn’t.Butit
hasn’treducedCO2emissions（upabout25%since1990）,andmanysignatories（签字
国）didn’tadopttoughenoughpoliciestohittheir2008-2012targets.
The
practical
conclusion
is
that
if
global
warming
is
a
potential
disaster,
the
only
solution
is
new
technology.
Only
an
aggressive
research
and
development
program
mightfindwaysofbreakingdependenceonfossilfuelsordealingwithit.
Thetroublewiththeglobalwarmingdebateisthatithasbecomeamoralproblemwhen
it’sreally
anengineering
one.
The
inconvenient
truth
is
that
ifwe
don’t
solve
the
engineeringproblem,we
’rehelpless.
57.Whatissaidaboutglobalwarminginthefirstparagraph?
A）It
may
not
prove
an
environmental
B）
Itis
an
issue
requiring
world
wide
crisisatall.
commitments.
C）SeriousstepshavebeentakentoavoidD）Verylittlewillbedonetobringitunder
orstopit.control.
58.Accordingtotheauthors’understanding,whatisAlGores’viewonglobalwarming?
A）Itisarealitybothpeopleandpoliticiansareunawareof.
B）Itisaphenomenonthatcausesusmanyinconveniences.
C）Itisaproblemthatcanbesolvedonceitisrecognized.
D）Itisanareaweactuallyhavelittleknowledgeabout.
59.
Greenhouseemissionswillmorethandoubleby2050becauseof_______.
A）economicgrowth
C）wastefuluseofenergy
B）thewideninggapbetweentherichand
D）therapidadvancesofscienceand
poor
technology
60.
Theauthorbelievesthat,sincethesigningoftheKyotoProtocol,________.
A）politicianshavestartedtodosomethingtobetterthesituation
B）fewnationshaveadoptedrealtoughmeasurestolimitenergyuse
C）reductionsinenergyconsumptionhavegreatlycutbackglobalwarming
D）internationalcooperationhascontributedtosolvingenvironmentalproblems61.Whatisthemessagetheauthorintendstoconvey?
A）Globalwarmingismoreofamoralissuethanapracticalone.
B）Theultimatesolutiontoglobalwarmingliesinnewtechnology
D）Peoplehavetogiveupcertainmaterialcomfortstostopglobalwarming.PassageTwo
Somedayastrangerwillreadyoure-mailwithoutyourpermissionorscanthe
Websitesyou’vevisited.Orperhapssomeonewillcasuallyglancethroughyourcredit
cardpurchaseorcellphonebillstofindoutyourshoppingpreferencesorcallinghabits.
Infact,it’slikelysomeofthesethingshavealreadyhappenedtoyou.Whowould
watchyouwithoutyourpermission?
Itmightbeaspouse,agirlfriend,amarketing
company,aboss,acoporacriminal.Whoeveritis,theywillseeyouinawayyounever
intendedtobeseen—the21stcenturyequivalentofbeingcaughtnaked.
Psychologiststellusboundariesarehealthy,thatit’simportanttorevealyourselfto
friends,familyandloversinstages,atappropriatetimes.Butfewboundariesremain.The
digitalbreadcrumbs（碎屑）youleaveeverywheremakeiteasyforstrangersto
reconstructwhoyouare,whereyouareandwhatyoulike.Insomecases,asimple
Googlesearchcanrevealwhatyouthink.Likeitornot,increasinglyweliveinaworldwhereyousimplecannotkeepasecret.
Thekeyquestionis:
Doesthatmatter?
WhenopinionpollsaskAmericansaboutprivacy,mostsaytheyareconcernedabout
losingit.Asurveyfoundanoverwhelmingpessimismaboutprivacy,with60percentof
respondentssayingtheyfeeltheirprivacyis“slippingaway,andthatbothersme.”
Butpeoplesayonethinganddoanother.OnlyatinyfractionofAmericanschange
anybehaviorsinanefforttopreservetheirprivacy.Fewpeopleturndownadiscountat
tollbooths（收费站）toavoidusingtheEZ-Passsystemthatcantrackautomobile
movements.Andfewturndownsupermarketloyaltycards.Privacyeconomist
AlessandroAcquistihasrunaseriesofteststhatrevealpeoplewillsurrenderpersonal
informationlikeSocialSecuritynumbersjusttogettheirhandsonapitiful50-cents-off
coupon（优惠券）.
Butprivacydoesmatter–atleastsometimes.It’slikehealth:
Whenyouhaveit,you
don’tnoticeit.Onlywhenit’sgonedoyouwishyou’ddonemoretoprotectit.
62.Whatdoestheauthormeanbysaying“the21stcenturyequivalentofbeingcaught
naked”（Lines3-4,Para.2）?
A）People’spersonalinformationiseasilyaccessedwithouttheirknowledge.
B）Inthe21stcenturypeopletryeverymeanstolookintoothers’secrets.
C）Peopletendtobemorefrankwitheachotherintheinformationage.
D）Criminalsareeasilycaughtonthespotwithadvancedtechnology.
63.
Whatwouldpsychologistsadviseontherelationshipsbetweenfriends?
A）
Friends
should
open
their
hearts
to
C）
There
should
be
adistance
even
eachother.
betweenfriends.
B）
Friends
should
always
be
faithful
to
D）
There
should
be
fewer
disputes
eachother.
betweenfriends.
64.
Whydoestheauthorsay
“weliveinaworldwhereyousimplecannotkeepasecret
”
（Line5,Para.3）?
A）Modernsocietyhasfinallyevolvedintoanopensociety.
B）Peopleleavetracesaroundwhenusingmoderntechnology.
C）Therearealwayspeoplewhoarecuriousaboutothers’affairs.
D）Manysearchenginesprofitbyrevealingpeople’sidentities.
65.WhatdomostAmericansdowithregardtoprivacyprotection?
A）Theychangebehaviorsthatmightdisclosetheiridentity.
B）Theyusevariousloyaltycardsforbusinesstransactions.
C）TheyrelymoreandmoreonelectronicD）Theytalkalotbuthardlydoanythingdevices.aboutit.
66.Accordingtothepassage,privacyislikehealthinthat________.
A）peoplewillmakeeveryefforttokeepit
woman.
B）itsimportanceisrarelyunderstood
Therearemanyreasonsfor
C）itissomethingthatcaneasilybelost
D）peopledon’tcherishituntiltheyloseit
this-typically,mentakemorerisksthan
womanandaremorelikelytodrinkand
smokebutperhapsmoreimportantly,
mendon’tgotothedoctor.
“Menaren’tseeingdoctorsasoften
2.PassageOne
astheyshould,”saysDr.Gullotta,“This
Questions57to61arebasedonthe
isparticularlysofortheover-40s,when
followingpassage.
diseasestendtostrike.”
Ifyouareamaleandyouarereading
Gullottasaysahealthymanshould
this,congratulations:
youarea
visitthedoctoreveryyearortwo.For
survivor.Accordingtostatistics.youare
thoseover45,itshouldbeatleastoncea
morethantwiceaslikelytodieofskin
year.
cancerthanawoman,andninetimes
TwomonthsagoGullottasawa
morelikelytodieofAIDS.Assumingyou
50-year-oldmawhohaddelayeddoing
makeittotheendofyournaturalterm,
anythingabouthissmoker’scoughfora
about78yearsformeninAustralia,you
year.
willdieonaveragefiveyearsbeforea
“WhenIfinallysawhimithadalready
spreadandhehassincediedfromlung
cancer”hesays,“Earlierdetectionand
treatmentmaynothavecuredhim,butit
wouldhaveprolongedthislife”
Accordingtoarecentsurvey,95%of
womenagedbetween15andearly40s
seeadoctoronceayear,comparedto
70%ofmeninthesameagegroup.
“Alotofmenthinktheyareinvincible
（不可战胜的）”Gullottasays“Theyonly
comeinwhenafrienddropsdeadonthe
golfcourseandtheythink”Geez,ifit
couldhappentohim.
Thenthereistheostrichapproach,
”
somemenarescaredofwhat
mightbe
thereandwouldrathernotknow,
”says
Dr.RossCartmill.
“Mostmengettheircarsservicedmoreregularlythantheyservicetheirbodies,”Cartmillsays.Hebelievesmostdiseasesthatcommonlyaffectmencould
beaddressedbypreventivecheck-ups.
Regularcheck-upsformenwould
inevitablyplacestrainonthepublicpurse,
Cartmillsays.
”Butpreventionischeaper
in
the
longrunt
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