吸尘器术语翻译.docx
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吸尘器术语翻译
吸尘器术语翻译
(1)
ABSPlastics
Acrylonitrile-butadiene-styreneplasticsareusedextensivelyinthemoldingofvacuumcleanercasesandtrimparts.Itisaneconomicalplasticwhichislightweightbutstrongandresistsstainsandchemicals.SeealsoourarticleonExternalStructureMaterials&Durability
ActivatedCharcoal
Charcoalfromwhichmostoftheimpuritieshavebeenremoved.Itismadebytreatingordinarycharcoalwithsteamandairheatedtoabove600degreesFahrenheit.Itisthebestadsorbentsinceitsmanyemptyspacesgiveitalargeinternalsurfacetoholdparticles.
Agitation
Theprocessofmovinginarapidandviolentmanner.Carpetisusuallyagitatedbythebrushesandsometimesabeaterbarontherevolvingbrushrollinavacuumcleaner.SeealsoourarticleontheEffectsofBrushingAction.
AirFlow
Themovementofairfromonelocationtoanother.Inavacuumcleaner,itgenerallyreferstothemovementofairthroughthevacuumcleanerorcentralvacuumsystemandismeasuredincubicfeetperminute(C.F.M.).Itisoneofthemostimportantaspectsofvacuumcleanerperformance.Airflowinavacuumcleanerisinverselyproportionaltothetotalresistancewithinthesystemanddirectlyproportionaltothesuctioncreatedbythesuctionmotor.Foradditionalinformation,seeourarticleonAirFlowthroughtheSystem.
AirPressure
Thepressureofatmosphericorcompressedair.Atsealevel,atmosphericpressureis1,013.2millibarsor14.69poundspersquareinch.Avacuumcleaner'ssuctionmotorreducestheairpressureinordertocreateairflow.SeealsoourarticleonFanorImpellerTypes&Performance.
AirWatts
Aspecificationdevelopedinanefforttoratetheoutputpowerofthevacuumcleanerinsteadofitsinputpower.Itisbasedonsuctionwithairflowasmeasuredatthevacuumcleanerinlet.SeealsoourarticleonthePoweroftheSuctionMotor.
AllergenFiltrationBags
AspecialnameHoovergivestotheirhighfiltrationbags.TheyarealsoknownasMicroFiltrationdustbags.AccordingtoHoover,thisdustbag"Traps99%ofparticlesdownto5microns!
Filtersawiderangeofairborneparticlesincludingmanypollens,spores,otherallergensanddustmites.Idealformanywithdustrelatedorallergicdiscomforts.Electrostaticallychargedlinerenhancesthecaptureofextremelyfineparticles."Formoreinformation,seeBagPerformanceandFiltrationEfficiency.
Amperage(Amps)
Thestrengthofanelectriccurrentflowingthroughawireorotherelectricalconductorexpressedinamperes(amps).Oneampereofcurrentwillflowthroughaconductorhavingoneohmofresistancewhenapotentialofonevoltisappliedtoit.Vacuumcleanersareoftenratedbytheamountofamperagedrawnfromtheelectricaloutletwhichflowsthroughthem.ThemaximumpermittedforULApprovalis12Amps.SeealsoourarticlesonthePoweroftheSuctionMotorandEfficiencyandPerformanceRatings.
Armature
Anarmatureismadeofalaminatedsteelcorewhichiswoundwithcopperenamel-insulatedwire.Thewindingsareattachedtoacoppercommutatornearoneendofthearmature.Itcanbeconsideredtheheartofamotorsinceitisthearmature'srotation,motivatedbyelectricallycreatedmagneticfieldswithinthemotor,thatconvertselectricalenergyintomechanicalenergy.SeealsoourarticleontheSuctionMotorDesign&Operation.
Bakelite
Bakeliteisanimportantthermosettingresinmadefromphenolandformaldehydewhichcanbeinjectionmoldedtomakepartswhichareresistanttoheat,chemicalsandmoisture.SeealsoourarticleonExternalStructureMaterials&Durability.
BallBearing
Alowfrictiontypeofbearinginwhichroundsteelballsrotatebetweenaspinninginnerrace(smallsteelringwitharoundedgroveonit'soutersurface)andastationaryouterrace(largersteelringwitharoundedgroveonit'sinnersurface).Thesidesoftenhaveshieldorsealringstoretainthegreaseandkeepthebearingascleanaspossible.
BeaterBar
Alongrigidbarorraisedareaonarevolvingbrushrollwhichpushesthecarpetawayfromtheroll,creatingarapidbeatingaction.Stiffbristlesonabrushrollcanhaveasimilareffect.
BeatingAction
Therapidhittingactioncausedbyabeaterbarorstiffbristlesonabrushroll.Theeffectofthisistohelpworkthedirtandgrittowardthetopofthecarpet.
BrushRoll
Thebrushrollisthepartofavacuumcleanerwhichcontainsrowsofbristlesandsometimesbeaterbarstoagitatethecarpetinordertosignificantlyaidintheremovalofdirtfromit.Whileoftenbeingintheshapeofacylinder,somearecontoured,beingmorelikeanaugerinappearance.Itismountedinthenozzlebyitsendsandcontainsbearingswhichallowittoberotatedatahighspeedbythebrushmotororturbine.Mostvacuumcleanersusethesamemotortocreatethesuctionandrotatethebrushroll.
BrushingAction
Theactofbrushingacarpet'sfibers,oftenbyarevolvingbrushroll.Thisisasignificantpartoftheagitationprocessperformedbyanuprightorpowernozzle,effectivelyremovingdirtfromthecarpets.
BypassCooling
Atypeofmotorcoolingdesignwhichincorporatesaseparateairflowthroughthemotortocoolit.Themainairflow,whichpicksupthedirt,travelsthroughthesuctionfanorfansbutbypassesthemotoritself.Thispreventsresidualdirtormoistureinthemainairflowfromcomingincontactwiththearmature,field,carbonbrushes,etc.Bypasscoolingisalwaysincorporatedinwet/dryvacuumcleanersaswellasthetraditional"dirtyair"uprights.Amotoriseitherabypasscooledtypeoraflowthrough(FlowThru)cooledtype.
C.F.M.
RepresentsCubicFeetperMinute.Thespecificationtypicallyusedtoindicatetheamountofairflowwhichwillpassthroughacleanvacuumcleanerpowerunitwhenrunningbyitself.Whenratingthemainpowerunitofacentralvacuumsystem,itisnormallymeasuredatthe2"openingwherethe2"pipingwillbeattached.SeealsoAirFlow.
CanisterType
Thetypeofvacuumcleanerthathousesthesuctionmotorandfilteringsysteminasomewhatsquareorrectangularcontainer.Typicallyincorporatinga"clean-air"system,theyareknownforproducingstrongsuctionforusewiththeattachments.Whenapowernozzleispartofthesystemitisoftenreferredtoasa"powerteam."Acanistertypevacuumcleanerusuallycontainswheelswhichallowittobepulledaftertheuserbyitshose.SeealsoourarticleontheStandardCanistertype.
CentralVacuumSystem
Astationarytypeofcanistervacuumcleanerwhichisusuallymountedinthebasementorgarage.Beingstationary,theunitsusuallyhavelargerandmorepowerfulmotorsthanthosethatcanbeusedintheportablevacuumcleaners.Hoseinletsaremountedinthewallsand2"PVCpipeisinstalledtocarrythedirtladenairtothecentralpowerunit.Aspecial30'longhoseallowstheusertoconvenientlyreachintoeverypartofthehousetoeffectivelycleanit.Performanceincentralsystemsisgreatlyenhancesbytheuseofapowernozzlecontainingamotordrivenrevolvingbrushrolltodeepcleancarpets.Thesesystemsareoftenhighlyrecommendedbyallergistssincethemainairflowistypicallyexhaustedoutsidethehouse,preventingtherecirculationoffinedustandallergenswithinthehouse.Forexamplesofexcellentsystems,seeourlistofRistenbattVacuum'sPreferredModels.SeealsoourarticleontheCentralVacuumSystem.
Clean-AirDesign
Avacuumcleanerdesigninwhichtheairflowwhichpicksupthedirtiscleanedbythefilteringsystembeforeitpassesthroughthefanorfansofthesuctionmotor.Thisdesigneliminatesfanbreakageproblemswhichcanbecausedwhenobjectsarepickedupbyadirty-airsystem.Also,ittypicallyproducessignificantlymoresuction,especiallywhenahoseandattachmentsareused.SeealsoourarticlesonFanorImpellerTypes&Performanceandthe"Clean-Air"Uprighttypeofvacuumcleaner.
CleaningEffectiveness
Therearetwodifferentwaysofviewingcleaningeffectiveness.Themostcommonusehastodowiththeabilityofavacuumcleanertopickupdirtfromthesurfacebeingcleaned.Theotherhastodowiththeabilityofthefilteringsystemtocleantheairsoaminimumamountofdirtandallergensisrecirculatedbackintothehome.
CleaningPerformanceRating
HooverdefinestheirCleaningPerfomanceRatingasfollows:
"ThisHooverCleaningPerformanceSystemisforcomparingtheRelativeProgressivePerformanceofHooveruprightsonlyandnotforcomparisonwithanyotherbrands.ThemajorityofthisratingisbasedupontheAmericanSocietyforTestingandMaterials(ASTM)carpetcleaningeffectivenesstesting(ASTMTestF608).Otherperformacefactorsincludehosepower(ASTMTestF558),surfacelittercleaning,hardfloorcleaning,edgecleaning,cleaningwidthandairfiltration."ForadditionalinformationonHooverratings,seeourarticleonHoover'sEfficiencyandPerformanceRatings.
Commutator
Acommutatoristhepartofanarmaturewhichhasindividualbarsofcopperwhicharepositionedintheshapeofadrum.Themotorbrushesareheldagainstthecommutatorinordertocarrytheelectricalcurrenttothearmaturewindingswhichareconnectedtoit.
Current
Electricallyspeaking,theflowofelectricalchargesthroughawireorconductor.Usuallyratedasamperage(amps).
Cyclonic
Relativetofiltrationsystems,cyclonicsystemsseparatethedustparticlesfromtheairflowbyspinningtheairwithinaseparationchamber.Thespinningcausescentrifugalforcetoactuponthedustparticles,movingthemoutwardwhiletheairexitsfromtheinnerpartofthechamber.Somecleanersusemultiplechambersandmostcleanersaddfiltersto