新世纪大学英语综合教程4cloze部分地汉语意思及问题详解.docx
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新世纪大学英语综合教程4cloze部分地汉语意思及问题详解
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Unit1
Manhasabloodtiewithnatureandnobodycanlive
outsidenature.Natureprovidesuswitheverythingwe
need:
theairwebreathe,thewaterwedrink,andthe
foodweeat.
Forquitealongtimeaftermanbegantolivein
therealmof
nature,
helived
infearof
its
destructive
forces.Heusedtoregardnaturewithits
elemental
forcesassomething
hostile
tohim.Andeventhe
forest
wassomethingwild
andfrightening
to
him.
Very
often,
hewasunabletoobtain
themerestdailynecessities
thoughheworkedtogetherwithothers
stubbornly
and
collectively
with
his
imperfect
tools.
Through
his
interactionwithnature,manchangeditgradually.He
cutdownforest,cultivatedland,
transferredvarious
speciesofplantsandanimalstodifferentclimatic
conditions,
changedtheshape
and
climate
of
his
environment
and
transformed
plants
and
animals.
He
subduedanddisciplinedelectricityandcompelledit
toservetheinterestsofsociety.
Nonetheless,
with
the
constant
expansion
of
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agricultureandindustry,manhasrobbednaturetoo
muchofits
irreplaceable
resources,pollutedhisown
living
environment
andcausedabout
95%of
thespecies
thathaveexistedoverthepast600millionyearsto
becomeextinct
andstill
manyothers
to
beendangered.
Theprevious
dynamicbalance
betweenmanandnature
is
onthe
verge
ofbreakingdown.Manisnowfacedwith
the
problem
of
howtostop,
orat
least
to
moderate
the
destructiveeffectoftechnologyonnature.
Thecrisisofthe
ecological
situationhasbecomea
global
problem.
Thesolution
to
the
problem
dependson
rational
and
wise
organization
both
of
production
itself
andcare
for
Mother
Nature.
Thiscanonlybedone
by
all
humanity,
rather
than
by
individuals,
enterprisesorseparatecountries.
1
realm
2
elemental
3
obtain
4
stubbornly
5
transferred
6
transformed
7
subdued
8
expansion
9
irreplaceable
10
extinct
11
dynamic
12
verge
13
moderate14ecological15rational
Unit2
Technologyisa"hot"issuenowadays.Thedefenders
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oftechnologystress
its
advantages
while
theopponents
emphasize
its
disadvantages.
Neither
side
has
ever
takenthetimetolookatthe
opposite
pointofview.
The
defenders
of
technology
hold
that
with
technology,
people's
living
conditions
have
been
greatly
improved.Forexample,the
boomin
productivity
hasmadegoodsbetterandcheaper.Therefore,things
that
were
once
luxuries
such
as
jet
travel
and
long-distancephonecalls,havebecomenecessities.
Medicaltechnology,inparticular,has
benefited
usa
lot,especiallyinprolonginglifeexpectancy.
Ontheother
hand,
the
opponents
of
technology
argue
that
technology
makes
life
obviously
worse.
Telemarketing,
traffic
jams,
andidentity
theft
are
all
phenomenathat
makepeople
consciously
unhappy.
In
addition,
many
people
believe
technology
disrupts
relationshipsand
fractures
community.
Ever
since
the
Industrial
Revolution,
the
relationship
betweenhappiness
andtechnology
hasbeen
aneternal
subject
forsocial
critics
andphilosophers,
thougheconomistsandsocialscientistshaveseldom
touchedonthetopic.However,in1974theeconomist
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RichardEasterlin
didgroundbreaking
work
on
the
relationship
betweenprosperity
andwell-being.
In
his
famouspaperentitled
"DoesEconomicGrowthImprove
the
HumanLot?
",Easterlinshowedthattherewasnoreal
correlation
betweenanation'sincomelevelandits
citizens'happinessinthedevelopedcountries.
Infact,technologyisneithergood
norbad.It
dependsonwhatwewanttodowithit.Therefore,the
responsibilitybelongs
exclusively
tohumanswhohave
toacquire
asocial
conscience,
to
respect
humanbeings,
natureanditsbalances.
1emphasize2opposite3improved4luxuries5benefited
6obviously7consciously8fractures9eternal10
groundbreaking11entitled12correlation13depends14exclusively
Unit4
Mostpeoplehaveworktodo.Withwork,theycanenjoy
theirlives.However,peoplewhodidphysicallaborwerelookeddownuponinthepast.Manypeoplewerecompelledtotakemanuallaborbecauseitwasan
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absolute
necessity
forthemtoearnalivingandto
support
theirfamilies.Bycontrast,peoplewhodid
mental
workwer
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