三 名词属格代词与某些限定词.docx

三 名词属格代词与某些限定词.docx

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三名词属格代词与某些限定词

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（三）名词（属格）、代词与某些限定词

考点归纳（部分代词、名词的内容将出现在“主谓一致”章节）

1.名词的复数形式:

passer（s）-bygrown-up（s）,etc.

特别注意某些单复数同形的名词，如means,works,series

2.某些名词多以-s形式存在，某些名词-s形式与无-s形式有所区别，如:

instruction/instructions,custom/customs,damage/damages,supply/supplies,experience/experiences,word/words,surrounding/surroundings,hair/hairs,etc.physics,means,theBarber’s,etc.

3.集体名词多数不可数，但诸如team,committee,family等词单数时将集体视为整体，而复数时则指构成集体的一个个成员；物质名词多不可数，作为可数名词时意义不同，如water（s）可数时指大面积的水域；抽象名词多数不可数，但某些抽象名词如victory,conference等可数；另一些抽象名词可以复数形式出现，但不能计数，如difficulty/difficulties,opinion,opinions；某些抽象名词有复数与非复数两种形式，但表示不同含义，如experience表“经验”时没有复数，表“经历”时，两种形式均可

4.名词属格注意:

①复合名词或作为整体的名词词组的属格在最后一个词尾加-’s，如somebodyelse’sopinion；②并列名词表示各自的关系，在各个名词后加-’s，如Mary’sandBob’sbooks，若为MaryandBob’sbooks则指两人共有的书；③独立属格常用于表示某人的家、住宅、教堂、公司等，如theJohnsons’,St.Paul’s（Cathedral）,thegrocer’s等；④双重属格结构中，介词补足成分必须是确定的人，如afriendofthedoctor’s，一般不说*afriendofadoctor’s以及*acoverofthebook’s，此类结构修饰名词的多为非确定特指的限定词如a,any,some而非定冠词，如一般不说*thesonofJack’s；⑤of-词组与双重属格一般可交替使用，但有时意义会有较大差别，试比较apictureofMr.Jackson’s（一张杰克逊先生画的或拥有的画作）/apictureofMr.Jackson（一张画杰克逊先生的画作）

5.名词化倾向（nominalstyle）:

Ihaven’tseenhimsince

.（Herehisweddingdayisbetterthanhegotmarried.）

6.限定词一般可与单数名词、复数名词、不可数名词搭配，共分为以下七类情况:

①三者均可:

the,some,any,no,other,whose及物主限定词；②只能与单数名词:

a（n）,one,another,each,every,either,neither,manya,sucha等；③只能与复数名词:

both,（a）few,anothertwo,several,these,those,anumberof等；④只能与不可数名词:

abitof,alargeamountof,agreatdealof,（a）little,much等；⑤能与单、复数名词:

thefirst,thelast,thenext等词，如thelastthreestudents；⑥能与单数、不可数名词:

this,that等；⑦能与复数、不可数名词:

alotof,lotsof,plentyof,more,enough,more,most,such,other等；特别注意限定词、代词的先后顺序问题（you,heandI）

7.区分某些词:

other（s）/theother（s）:

带-s的词（指others/theothers）为代词，不带-s的可修饰名词；theother指的是一定范围内除去一部分后的全体，other指的是除去一部分的另一部分，但不是全体

all/both/none/neither:

all指三者或以上的全都；both指两者的全都；none指三者或以上的全都不；neither指两者的全都不；选择题中注意句子意思（but等转折词）、主谓一致及数量（两者、三者或以上）

other/another:

前者位于数字后（twootherbooks），后者位于数字前（anotherthreeweeks）

nothing/noone（nobody）/none:

nothing与noone（nobody）指无范围的否定；none指有范围否定

（a）few/（a）little:

带a表肯定，注意quiteafew,agoodfew,notafew表示相当多

8.分清物主代词与人称代词；反身代词是高考的一个要点，注意与之有关的词组及搭配，如dress,seat,buy,find,enjoy,behave,stretch,express,helponeself等；注意语篇中的人称一致问题

考前巩固

I.Completethesentencesbyusingaproperwordfromthelist.

2

（A）

all

any

no

nobody

none

some

1.Wendycouldn’tfind_____butter,butshehad_____margarine（人造奶油）.

2.–Ifoundthatevenmyteacherscouldnotanswerthisquestion.

–Ofcourse_____knowseverything.

3._____cigaretteiscompletelyharmless.

4.Annalikestokeepeverythingtoherself.Shetalksto_____aboutherproblems.

5._____oftheboyscouldforgetwhathadhappenedlastnight.

6.Idon’tdojust_____work:

Ichoosejobsthatinterestmeandthatpaywell.

（B）

other

theother

both

neither

either

7.Childrensatatoneendofthelongtableandtheirparentssatat_____.

8.Hugecrowdsofpeoplestoodon_____sideoftheriverwatchingtheboatrace.

9.Whenwevisitedthekindergarten,thekidswere_____singingordancingorbusyat_____activity.

10.MarieandJudyare_____dedicatedprimaryschoolteachers._____caneverbepersuadedtoleavethejob.

II.Choosethebestanswer.

1.MaryEllendoesn’thave_____gasinhercar.

A.someB.noC.lotsD.any

2._____yetknowshowlongandhowseriouslytheshakinessinthefinancialsystemwilldragdowntheeconomy.

A.NobodyB.AnybodyC.SomebodyD.Everybody

3.Somefleashaveoneortwoeyes,butothershave_____.

A.noneB.noC.anyD.noone

4.HehaslearnedEnglishandJapanese.Nowheisgoingtolearn_____language.

A.othersB.otherC.someD.another

5.Almost_____fruitsandvegetablescontainriboflavin（维生素B2）;therichestsourcesareleafygreenvegetablessuchasspinach,kaleorturnipgreens.

A.everyB.someC.allD.none

6._____ofthetwinswasarrested,becauseIsawbothatapartylastnight.

A.NoneB.BothC.NeitherD.All

7.TomandDickhavearrived,but_____studentsintheclassaren’thereyet.

A.otherB.theothersC.othersD.theother

8.Tenyearshadelapsed,andIfoundshehad_____.

A.alittlegreyhairB.afewgreyhairC.somegreyhairD.afewgreyhairs

9.“DoyouwanttoseemyIDcardormydriver’slicense?

”“_____willdo.”

A.EveryB.EachC.EitherD.Both

10.Ifachildneedsmoretimeinthekindergartenthansomeotherchildren,heshouldbegiven_____.

A.itB./C.themD.him

11.–You’realwaysworking.Comeon,let’sgoshopping.

–_____youeverwanttodoisgoingshopping.

A.AnythingB.SomethingC.AllD.That

12.TheParkersboughtanewhousebut_____willneedalotofworkbeforetheycanmovein.

A.theyB.itC.oneD.which

13.Bothteamswereinhardtraining,_____waswillingtolosethegame.

A.eitherB.neitherC.anotherD.theother

14.

3

Ifthisdictionaryisnotyours,_____canitbe?

A.whatelseB.whoelseC.whichelse’sD.whoelse’s

15.SomeofthewheatisfromCanada.Whatabout_____?

A.anotherB.theotherC.othersD.therest

16.–Whydon’twetakealittlebreak?

–Didn’twejusthave_____?

A.itB.thatC.oneD.this

17.Fewpleasurescanequal____ofacooldrinkonahotday.

A.someB.anyC.thatD.those

18.Dr.BlackcomesfromeitherOxfordorCambridge.Ican’tremember_____.

A.whereB.thereC.whichD.that

19.Iagreewithmostofwhatyousaid,butIdon’tagreewith_____.

A.everythingB.anythingC.somethingD.nothing

20.Ihopethereareenoughglassesforeachgueststohave_____.

A.itB.thoseC.themD.one

21.WhichofthefollowingsentencesisINCORRECT?

A.Theyeachhavetwotickets.B.Theycosttwentyyuaneach.

C.Eachtheyhaveboughtthesamebook.D.Theyweregiventwomagazineseach,

22.Whenonehasgoodhealth,_____shouldfeelfortunate.

A.youB.theyC.heD.we

23.WhichofthefollowingsentencesisINCORRECT?

A.Allhislecturesareveryinteresting.B.Halftheirsavingsweregone.

C.Manyhisfriendscametotheparty.D.Bothhissistersarenurses.

24.Iknowhefailedhislasttest,butreallyhe’s_____stupid.

A.somethingbutB.anythingbutC.nothingbutD.notbut

25.Heis_____asaleaderbuthehasn’t_____inteaching.

A.success…manyexperiencesB.asuccess…muchexperience

C.greatsuccess…anexperienceD.agreatsuccess…alotofexperiences

26.Don’tleavematchesonthetablewithin_____oflittlechildren.

A.handB.reachC.spaceD.distance

27.TheteachergaveJohnoneofthebest_____hehadeverknown.

A.pieceofadviceB.piecesofadvicesC.pieceofadvicesD.piecesofadvice

28.Thebookisgivenby_____.

A.afriendofmysisterB.afriendofmysister’s

C.mysisterfriendD.mysisterfriend’s

29._____camethatourfootballteambeattheopponents.

A.ThewordB.AwordC.WordsD.Word

30.Itisnot_____totalkloudlyinpublicplaces.

A.agoodmannerB.goodmannerC.goodmannersD.thegoodmanner

31.Ihavebeento_____tohavemyhaircut.

A.barber’sB.thebarberC.barberD.thebarber’s

32.Shanghaiislargerthan_____cityinJiangsu.

A.anyB.anyotherC.otherD.one

33.Ifyouwanttochangeforasingleroomyou’llhavetopay_____£15.

A.anotherB.otherC.moreD.each

34.Whyisthere_____trafficonthestreetsinFebruarythaninMay?

A.lessB.fewerC.fewD.little

35.

4

Themodelworkerhad_____thoughtofhisowninterests.

A.thelastB.lessC.theleastD.another

36.Theadditionalworkwilltake_____weeks.

A.theotherB.anotherfiveC.otherfiveD.themore

37.Isaw_____boysinthecinema.

A.thebothB.manyaC.boththeD.theseveral

38.Areyougoingtobuy_____rice?

A.alltheseB.theseallC.allthisD.boththese

39._____dictionaryisenoughforme.

A.SuchoneB.OnesuchC.SuchaoneD.Onesucha

40.Theyarenotlikelytoagreeto_____propositions.

A.otheranyB.otherallC.allotherD.otherthese

III.Correcterrors,ifany,inthefollowingsentences.

1.Mrs.Blakehashadfewopportunitytotravel.

2.BothsentencesarenotcorrectEnglish.

3.Hehasmuchmoreproblemsthanheusedto.

4.Therearewarehousesoneithersideoftheriver.

5.Thelibrarianhascataloguedeachbookinthefictionsection.

6.MorecornisproducedintheUnitedStatesthaninanycountryintheworld.

7.ShehasagreatmanyoffriendsinNewYork.

8.Someboyhasbrokenawindow.

9.Presumablytherearelessdiseasesinthefrigid（寒冷的）zonesthanthereareinthetorridzones.

10.Hecametoseemeoncethreemonths.

11.Linguisticsisascientificstudyofthelanguage.

12.Wouldyoulikeanymoresoup?

13.Ihadalittledifficultyinsolvingtheproblem.

14.Anythingonthetablecanbethrownaway,can’tthey?

15.Theycaughthischeatingontheexam.

16.Thefurnitureistheir’s,butthehouseisour’s.

17.I’veboughtseveralpaintingsofhim.（我从他那里买了几张画。

）

18.Ifonedoesn’twanttogetlostinthemountain,youmusthaveaguide.

19.Iwenttothedoctorforanadviceaboutmyhealth.

20.Thereweresomelooker-onsbytheroadside.

21.Itwasn’thiscarbutsomeoneelses’.

22.Thefriendofmyfather’scalledlastnight.

23.Thosenewshoesofyoulookverysmart.

24.Severalhundredguestsappearatthemeeting.

25.Theyeachhadtheirproblems.

模拟演练

1.–Wow!

You’vegotsomanyclothes.

–But____ofthemareinfashionnow.（09秋）

A.anotherB.otherC.moreD.each

2.Itissaidthattwoman-madestructuresareclearlyvisiblefromspace.OneistheGreatWallofChina,and____isJapan’sKansaiInternationalAirport.（10春）

A