天津 中考英语 阅读理解训练中考英语专项训练含答案解析.docx

天津 中考英语 阅读理解训练中考英语专项训练含答案解析.docx

《天津 中考英语 阅读理解训练中考英语专项训练含答案解析.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《天津 中考英语 阅读理解训练中考英语专项训练含答案解析.docx（115页珍藏版）》请在冰豆网上搜索。

天津中考英语阅读理解训练中考英语专项训练含答案解析

天津中考英语阅读理解训练中考英语专项训练含答案解析

一、中考英语阅读理解训练

1．阅读理解

   Populationsofwhite-taileddeer（白尾鹿）aregrowingrapidlyinmanypartsoftheUnitedStates.Aspopulationsgrow,foodbecomesaproblem.Manydeerdieofhunger.Othersgrowupsmallandunhealthy.Insearchoffood,hungrydeermoveclosertowherehumanslive.Theyeatfarmcrops,vegetablesandeventrees.Besides,increasednumbersofdeernearroadscancausetrafficaccidents.

   Peopleadmirethegraceandfastspeedofdeer.Mostpeopledon'twanttheseanimalstobehungryandill.Shouldpeopletakeactiontocontrolthegrowingdeerpopulations?

ShouldPeopleTakeDirectAction?

   Manypeoplethinkthathunting（打猎）isthebestwaytocontroltheanimalpopulations.Wildlifemanagerswillseeifthere'senoughfoodinanareaanddecideitscarryingcapacity（容量）.Thenhunterswithlicensesaresenttohelpcontrolthenumberofdeer.Huntingisusuallynotallowedincitiesorsuburbs,however.

   Somepeoplehavetheideatocatchthedeerandmovethemtootherplaces.Butthismethodisexpensiveandrequiresfindinganotherplacethatcanacceptthedeerwithoutbreakingthebalanceofecosystem（生态系统）.

   Scientistsarealsoworkingtodevelopchemicals（化学药品）tocontrolthebirthrate（率）indeerpopulations.Butthisplanworksforonlyoneyearatatime.

ShouldPeopleTakeIndirectAction?

   Somesuggestbringinginnaturalenemiesofdeer,suchaswolves,lionsandbears,toareaswithtoomanydeer.Buttheseanimalscouldalsohurtdogs,cats,andevenhumans.Othercommunitieshavebuilttallfences（篱笆）aroundareastokeepoutthedeer.However,thisisimpossibleforfarmers.

  ▲  

   Somepeopleareagainstanykindofaction.Theysupportleavingthedeeralone.Animalpopulationsinanareanaturallygoupanddownovertime.Doingnothingmeansthatsomedeerwilldieofhungerorillness.Butfinally,thepopulationwillreachasizewithinthecarryingcapacity（容量）oftheenvironment.So,letnaturegoitsownway.

（1）Accordingtothepassage,increasednumbersofdeercanbring       topeopleinthearea.

A. waterpollution       B. trafficaccidents           C. seriousillnesses       D. growingpopulations

（2）Whichofthefollowingisthebesttofillinthe" ▲  "inthepassage?

A. ShouldPeopleDoNothing?

B. ShouldPeopleProtecttheDeer?

C. ShouldPeopleTakeSpecialAction?

               D. ShouldPeopleDrivetheDeerAway?

（3）Thewritermostprobablyagreesthat       .

A. farmerscanbuildfencestokeepthedeerout

B. peopleshouldleavethedeeraloneinthewild  

C. huntingisthebestwaytocontrolthedeerpopulations

D. it'sgreattocatchthedeerandmovethemtootherplaces

（4）Thewriterorganizesthispassageby       .

A. tellingstories        

B. usingnumbers        

C. givingopinions        

D. describingscenes（场景）

【答案】

（1）B

（2）A

（3）B

（4）C

【解析】【分析】本文介绍了美国的白尾鹿数量激增，有人认为应该采用直接的方法控制白尾鹿的数量，而一些人认为需要使用间接的方法控制白尾鹿的数量。

（1）细节题。

根据Besides,increasednumbersofdeernearroadscancausetrafficaccidents.可知白尾鹿数量的增加可导致交通事故的发生，故选B。

（2）推理题。

根据最后一段的描述可知，主要讲述反对采取措施的人的观点，根据前两部分标题的构成，本部分的标题为“人们应该不管吗”，故选A。

（3）推理题。

根据 So,letnaturegoitsownway.可知，作者支持不采取让和措施的方法，故选B。

（4）推理题。

作者通过例举打猎，将鹿的天敌，如狼、狮子和熊引入鹿太多的地区等例子，可知本文主要是通过列举不同的观点来组织材料的，故选C。

【点评】考查阅读理解。

本文涉及细节题、推断题，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息。

2．阅读理解

   Exceptforafewtimes,Americansarenotbigpresent-givers.There'snoexchangeofpresentsamongbusinesspeople,andifoneAmericantriestogiveanotherapresent,itmaylooklikethathewantstobribe（贿赂）him.Americanshavelearnedthatinsomeothercountriespeopleliketogivepresentstoothers,butamongourselveswedon'tseetheneedforpresents.

   Evenfriendsmayneverexchangepresents.WhenIgotoforeigncountries,Itrytobringbacklittlethingsforclosefriends,butnobodywouldfeelunhappyifIdidn't.Idon'toftenrememberafriend'sbirthday,andfewpeopleoutsideofmyfamilyremembermine.Ifsomeonegavemepresentstoooften,I'dgetunpleasant.Butapresentfromaforeigner-thatkindfromhisorherhomeland-won'tgowrong,excepttogovernmentemployees（政府职员）whocan'tbegivenpresents.

   YouusuallyopenapresentatonceandinfrontofthepersonwhogivesitexceptChristmasandbirthdaypresents.Youshouldonlysay,"It'ssonice.Thanks…"whenyougetChristmasorbirthdaypresents.

   Youmaywanttobringabottleofwine（葡萄酒）orflowerstoadinnerparty,butyou'reneveraskedto.Nobodywillmindifyoubringwine,butyourfriendmaynotuseitthatevening.

   AtChristmasweoftengivepresentstoourfamilyandsometimesourfriends.Wealsogivepresentstopeoplewhohavebeenhelpfulduringtheyear—doormen,babysitters,housecleaners,newspapersenders—anyonewhohasoftenhelpedus.

（1）Whatkindofpresentsdon'tAmericansusuallyopeninfrontofthegivers?

A. Thesmallpresents.

B. Christmasorbirthdaypresents.

C. Theexpensivepresents.

D. Thepresentsfordinnerparty.

（2）WhichofthefollowingdoyouthinkisRIGHT?

A. Americanbusinesspeopledon'twantpresentsbecausetheyarerichenough.

B. ThewriterofthispassagemustbeanAmerican.

C. Everyonemustgivepresentstoone'sfamilyandfriendsatChristmas.

D. Governmentemployeescangetlittlepresentsfromaforeigner.

（3）Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?

A. Present-givingintheUnitedStates.

B. Customs（习俗）intheUnitedStates.

C. Americanpeopleandpresent-giving.

D. Whenandhowtogivepresents.

【答案】

（1）B

（2）B

（3）A

【解析】【分析】本文介绍了美国人送礼物的文化风俗。

美国人不会经常互送礼物的，因为他们认为是在贿赂，尤其是政府官员。

但他们在圣诞节会给某些人送礼物的，以便来感谢他们。

（1）细节题。

根据YouusuallyopenapresentatonceandinfrontofthepersonwhogivesitexceptChristmasandbirthdaypresents.可知对于圣诞礼物和生日礼物，美国人通常不在给予者面前打开礼物 ，故选B。

（2）细节题。

根据第一段的第一句话可判断A是错误的。

根据第一段第一句话和第二段可推断B项是正确的。

根据最后一段可知在圣诞节不是给每个人礼物的，可知C项是不正确的。

根据第一段和第二段最后一句话可推断D项是错误的。

故选B。

（3）主旨题。

根据整篇文章大意可知本文介绍了美国人送礼物的文化风俗，故选A。

【点评】考查阅读理解。

本文涉及细节题和主旨题，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案，主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。

3．阅读理解

   Differentcountrieshavedifferentcustoms.Whenyouareindifferentcountries,youshouldfollowtheircustoms.

   InChina,it'simpolitetotalkwheneatingdinner.Andyou'renotsupposedtostarteatingfirstifthereareolderpeopleatthetable.

VeryoftenpeoplewhotraveltotheUnitedStatesforgettotip（付小费）.Itisusualtotipwaiters,taxidriversandporterswhohelpcarryyourbags.Waitersexpecttogeta15%tiponthecostofyourmeal.Taxidriversexpectaboutthesameamount.

   InEngland,makesuretostandinlineevenifthereareonlytwoofyou.It'simportanttorespect（尊重）linesthere.It'sagoodideatotalkabouttheweather.It'safavoritesubjectofconversationwiththeBritish.

   InSpain（西班牙）,it'sagoodideatohavealightmealintheafternoonifsomeoneinvitesyoufordinner.Peoplehavedinnerverylate,andrestaurantsdonotgenerallyopenuntilafter9:

00p.m.

   InSaudiArabia（沙特阿拉伯）,menkissoneanotheronthecheek.Yourhostmaywelcomeyouwithakissonbothcheeks.Itispoliteofyoutodothesame.

   InJapan,peopleusuallygivepersonalorbusinesscardstoeachotherwhentheymeetforthefirsttime.Whenapersongivesyouacard,don'tputitintoyourpocket（口袋）assoonasyougetit.Thepersonexpectsyoutoreadit.

   Don'tforgettobecarefulaboutyourbodylanguagetoexpresssomethinginconversations.Akindofbodylanguagethatisacceptableinoneculturemaybeimpoliteinanother.

（1）Whatdoestheunderlinedword"porters"meaninChinese？

A. 搬运工                                

B. 水电工                                

C. 建筑工                                

D. 环卫工

（2）IfyoutraveltotheUS,andyouspend$200onataxirideand$320onameal,youaresupposedtotipintotal.

A. $520                                     B. $78                                     C. $156                                     D. $60

（3）WhichofthefollowingisTRUE？

A. YouareexpectedtokissyourhostonthecheekinJapan.

B. Generally,restaurantsdon'tofferdinnerafter9:

00p.m.inSpain.

C. It'simpolitetoeatfirstifthereareolderpeopleatthetableinChina.

D. Youdon'tneedtostandinlineiftherearetwopeoplewaitingforabusinEngland.

（4）Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout？

A. Wheretotravel.

B. Howtotipindifferentcountries.

C. Whentousebodylanguage.

D. Customsindifferentcountries.

【答案】

（1）A

（2）B

（3）C

（4）D

【解析】【分析】本文介绍不同的国家有不同的习俗。

当你在不同的国家时，你应该遵循他们的习俗。

（1）词义猜测题。

根据whohelpcarryyourbags帮你搬东西的人可知，porters是搬运工的意思，故选A。

（2）细节题。

根据服务员希望得到15%的餐费小费。

出租车司机期望大约相同的数额服务员希望得到15%的餐费小费。

出租车司机期望大约相同的数额可知，如果你去美国旅行，坐出租车花200美元，吃饭花320美元，你应该总共付小费是（200+320）*20%=78美元，故选B。

（3）推理题。

根据you'renotsupposedtostarteatingfirstifthereareolderpeopleatthetable如果餐桌上有老年人，你不应该先吃饭可知，如果中国的餐桌上有老年人，先吃饭是不礼貌的正确，故选C。

（4）细节题。

根据本文介绍不同的国家有不同的习俗。

当你在不同的国家时，你应该遵循他们的习俗可知，文章主要讲述不同国家的风俗，故选D。

【点评】考查阅读理解。

本文涉及细节题、推断题，词义猜测题和主旨题四种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息，词义猜测题需要根据上下文提炼相关信息锁定词意，主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。

4．阅读理解

   Inyourschool,areyouallowedtochoosethesubjectsyouwanttolearn?

Ofcourse,theansweris"No"hereinChina.

   InAmericathereisaschooltryingsomethingnew.AtahighschoolinFlorida,studentswillbeabletochoosetheirownclasses.Weallknowthatsomestudentsarebetteratsomesubjectsthanothers.Somestudentsplantogoontocollege,whileothersdonot.Atthisschoolstudentsareabletofindsubjectstheyareinterestedin,andpossiblyevenfindthefield（领域）theywouldliketogointoafterfinishingschool.Theyareallowedtochooseasubjectlikebiology,math,aforeignlanguage,orstudyskillslikecarrepair（修理）.

   Somepeoplethinkthi