词汇短语园地三.docx
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词汇短语园地三
词汇短语园地(三)
1.aimn.目标;目的;瞄准
(1)aim用作名词,表示“目的;目标”时是可数名词;表示“瞄准”时是不可数名词。
Johnhasonlyoneaiminlife―tobeafilmstar.
约翰一生只有一个目标――成为电影明星。
Takecarefulaimatthelion.
仔细瞄准那头狮子。
(2)aim后常接at。
Hetookaimatthebird,butmissed.
他向鸟瞄准,但没射中。
aimv.瞄准;力求达到;力争做到
Heaimedhisgunatthebird,butdidnotfire.
他用枪瞄准鸟,但没开枪。
(1)aim后一般接atdoingsth,有时其后也接for,表示希望达到某个目标。
They’reaimingattrainingeverybody.
他们正力求做到人人得到培训。
Weshouldaimforthebestresults.
我们要力争取得最好的结果。
(2)aim后接不定式,表示“想要做某事”(有时可与aimatdoingsth互换)。
Heaimstobecome(=atbecoming)acomputerexpert.
他想成为计算机专家。
(3)“实现目标”在英语中要用动词achieve,一般不用reach。
Everybodyshouldbegiventhechancetoachievetheiraims.
要让每个人都有机会实现自己的目标。
2.equipmentn.设备;装备
(1)equipment和facility都可译作“设备;器材”,但equipment是不可数名词,指用于某一特殊目的的东西、供给品、装备等。
如:
apieceofequipment;basickitchenequipment;medical/officeequipment。
(2)facility是可数名词,常用复数形式。
facilities指为特殊活动或目的所提供的种种便利,包括设施、场所和服务等。
如:
productionfacilities;facilitiesforstudy;facilitiesfortravel;sportsfacilities;shopping/banking/cookingfacilities。
3.formvi.&vt.形成;?
a生;养成;培养
n.形式;类型、表格
Oneofthemostimportanttasksforaschoolistohelpformachild’scharacter.
学校的一个最重要任务就是要帮助儿童形成个性。
Flowersappeared,butfruitsfailedtoform.
开了花,但没有结果。
Thediseasecantakeseveraldifferentforms.
这种疾病可能有几种不同的形式。
Musicisnotlikemostotherartforms.
音乐不像其他多数种类的艺术类型。
fillout/completeaform填表
常用搭配:
formgoodhabits养成好习惯
4.boilvt.煮;煮沸
Thewaterwasbubblingandboiling.
水在咕噜咕噜地沸腾着。
Boilplentyofsaltedwater,andthenaddthespaghetti.
把足量的盐水烧开,再放入意大利面条。
boildown煮浓;熬浓
boilup把(液体或食物)烧开
5.reactvi.起反应;(对……)做出反应;回应
Localresidentshavereactedangrilytothenews.
当地居民对这一消息表示愤怒。
HowdidWilsonreacttoyouridea?
威尔逊对你的想法有什么反应?
(1)react(withsth)起化学反应;发生物理变化
Ironreactswithwaterandairtoproducerust.
铁和水及空气发生反应,产生铁锈。
(2)reactagainst反对;反抗
Hereactedstronglyagainstartisticconventionsofhistime.
他强烈反对当时的艺术俗套。
6.astonishedadj.吃惊的;惊愕的
(1)beastonishedat/by...对……感到惊讶
Iwasastonishedathisbehaviour. 我对他的行为感到十分惊讶。
(2)beastonishedtofind/hear/learn/see...吃惊地发现/听到/知道/看见……
Wewereastonishedtohearthattheirfootballteamhadwonthechampion.
听说他们的足球队获得了冠军,我们很是吃惊。
(3)beastonishedthat...惊讶于……
SheseemedastonishedthatIhadeverbeentoParis.
我曾去过巴黎,这使她十分惊讶。
7.conclusionn.结论
(1)cometo/draw/reacha/theconclusion得出结论
I’vecometotheconclusionthathe’snottherightpersonforthejob.
我断定他不适合做这项工作。
Wecandrawsomeconclusionsfromourdiscussion.
从讨论中我们可以得出一些结论。
Ittookmesometimetoreachtheconclusion.
我花了很长时间才得出结论。
(2)inconclusion最后;总之
Inconclusion,Iwouldliketothankyouforallyouhavedoneforme.
最后,我要感谢你为我做的一切。
concludevt.断定;推断出;得出结论
8.usedtodo过去(常常)做某事
We’reeatingoutmoreoftenthanweusedto.
我们现在出去吃饭的次数比以前多了。
Didtheyusetoplayfootball?
他们过去经常踢足球吗?
(1)beusedtodoingsth习惯做某事
Iamusedtogoingtoschoolbybus.
我习惯乘公交车去学校。
(2)beusedtodo被用来做(表示被动)
Woodisusedtomakepaper.
木头被用来造纸。
9.add...to...往……加入……
Ifyouaddfivetofive,yougetten.
五加五得十。
Pleaseaddmynametothelist.
请在名单上加上我的名字。
Willyouaddmoresugartoyourcoffee?
你的咖啡要多加些糖吗?
(1)addin包括;把……加进去
Don’tforgettoaddmein.
别忘了把我也算上。
(2)addupto加起来等于;总计
Thecostsaddedupto1000dollars.
费用总计为1000美元。
(3)addto使(数量、程度)增加;使(规模)扩大
Thebadweatheronlyaddedtoourdifficulties.
恶劣的天气只是增加了我们的困难。
10.besupposedto应当;理应
在besupposedto中,to是动词不定式符号,不是介词,其后要跟动词原形。
(1)当besupposedto的主语是“人”时,意为“应该;被期望”,它可以用来表示劝告、建议、义务、责任等,相当于情态动词should。
Everyoneissupposedtowearaseatbeltinthecar.
每个人在汽车里都应该系安全带。
Teachersaresupposedtotreatallthestudentsalike.
老师应该对所有的学生一视同仁。
(2)besupposedto后接“have+?
^去分词”,表示“应该做某事而没做(到)”。
Youaresupposedtohavehandedinyourhomeworkbynow.
你现在本该已把作业交上来了。
Heissupposedtohavearrivedanhourago.
他本该一小时前就到了。
(3)besupposedto的否定结构为benotsupposedto,意为“不被许可;不应当”。
Youarenotsupposedtowalkonthegrass.
不准践踏草地。
Youarenotsupposedtosmokeonthebus.
你不应该在公共汽车上吸烟。
11.beproudof为……感到骄傲/自豪 Youwillbeproudofme.你会以我为荣的。
It’snothingtobeproudof.?
@没有什么可骄傲的。
跟踪导练
(一)
阅读理解
A
Everyonehasprobablyseenamovieortwoaboutrobotsgoingagainstman.Asakiditwasinteresting,butnotareality.Buttoday,whenwelookathowfarscientistshavecome,it’snotjustafunnythoughtbutarealpossibility.
Hondahasalreadycreatedarobotwitheyes,legs,armsandhandsanditcanactjustlikeaperson.Thereisnoendtowhatarobotcoulddointhefuture.Justthinkwhatwecandointwentytothirtyyears.We’redealingwithalmostanentirenewspecies(种类)ofhuman-likerobotsthatcouldbeclevererthanus.Canwecontinuetousetheserobotsinawaythattheyserveus,orwilltheybecomesowisethattheywillwantindependence(独立)?
Iamreallynotsurejusthowfarscientistsaregoingtoperfectrobots.Butoncethistypeofrobotismade,theywillbeabletothink,makedecisions,sensethemovementofothersanddecidewhatitwantstodo.
Anewinventionhasledtotheintroductionofafemalerobot,whichwasintroducedatanentertainmentshowinVegas.TherobotcalledRoxysellsforbetweensevenandtenthousanddollars.Itisbuilttoaccompany(陪伴)females.Thisfemale(女性的)robotcompanioniscalledtruecompanionandyoucanfindsuchrobotsontheInternet.Robotsusedtohavelimiteduses,butnowtheyarealmostineveryfield.Thishasopenedthedoortomanydangerouspossibilitiesinthefuture.
1.Whydoesthewritermentionmoviesaboutrobots?
A.Toleadtothetopicofthepassage.
B.Toproverobotscangoagainstman.
C.Toshowthatpeopleareinterestedinrobots.
D.Toexplainwhyrobotsarelikedbyfilmmakers.
2.WhatdoestheunderlinedsentenceinParagraph2suggest?
A.Thereisanendtothedevelopmentofrobots.
B.Robotsmaybeabletodoanythinginthefuture.
C.Robotswilllookexactlylikehumanbeingssoon.
D.Humanbeingsdon’tknowwhatkindofrobottheywant.
3.Accordingtothewriter,aperfectrobot.
A.canthinkashumanbeingsdo
B.willalwaysservehumanbeings
C.willsurelygoagainsthumanbeings
D.isstillnotascleverashumanbeings
4.Itisimpliedinthepassagethatthewriterworriesthat.
A.humanbeingscannotcreateaperfectrobot
B.robotsmaybeharmfulinthefuture C.robotsmaybehardtorecognize
D.robotshavelimiteduses
B
Britishscientistshavediscoveredthewillowtreesplantedatanangle(角度)couldincreasesugarsforbiofuelproduction.
Willowisfast-growing.Itisalreadyusedtoproducefuelsfortherenewableheatingandpowermarket.Infutureitcouldalsohelptoproducebiofueltopowervehicles.Ithasbeenknownthatwhenwillowsgrowinginthewildareblownsidewaystheyproducemoresugars.Butforawhileithasnotbeenknownwhythishappens.
ResearchersatImperialCollegeLondon,ledbyDrNicholasBreretonandDrMichaelRayoftheDepartmentofLifeSciences,havenowsolvedthemystery.Whenthetreeisblownsideways,itsgenes(基因)producelargenumbersofsugarmolecules(分子)tostraightenthetreeupwards.
“Thisisanimportantbreakthrough.Ourstudynowshowsthatnaturalgeneticchangesarerelatedtothesedifferences.Andthiscouldwellbethekeytounlockingthefutureforgreenenergyfromwillow,”saidDrBrereton.
Theresearchwascarriedoutunderlabconditions.Thewillowsweregrownatanangleof45degrees.Theywerecomparedtowillowswhichgrownaturallystraightupwards.TheteamthenlookedforthesameeffectamongthewillowsgrowingontheIsleofOrkneywherestrongwindscausethetreestobendatextremeangles.TheydiscoveredthattheOrkneytreesproducefivetimestheamountofsugarsfoundinwillowsgrowninshelteredconditions.
WillowiswidelyplantedacrosstheUK.Theresultsshowthatbiofuelcropssuchaswillowscouldbegrowninclimaticallychallengingconditionswherechancesofgrowingfoodcropsarelimited.
ThestudyispublishedinBiotechnologyforBiofuels.
5.Whatmayhappenwhenwillowsareplantedinstrongwinds?
A.Theywillstopgrowing.
B.Theywillgrowsideways.
C.Fewsugarswillbeproduced.
D.Changesingeneswilltakeplace.
6.WhatcanwelearnfromthepassageabouttheOrkneywillows?
A.Theyareunusuallyrichinsugars.
B.Theygrownaturallystraightupwards.
C.Theylookedtallerthanordinarywillows.
D.Theyarestrongerthanthosegrowinginlabs.
7.Farmerslivinginchallengingclimate.
A.usebiofuelforheatingandpower
B.areencouragedtogrowbiofuelcrops
C.canplantdifferentkindsoffoodcrops
D.shouldmaketheirwillowsgrowstraight 8.Wheredoesthispassageprobablycomefrom?
A.Apersonaldiary.B.Anewspaperad.
C.Ascientificjournal.D.Atravelmagazine.
跟?
导练
(二)
完形填空
Onceuponatimetherelivedonthebankofariveramiller(磨坊主).Hewassinginghappily.Peoplealloverthelandlikedtotalkabouthispleasant.Atlastthekinghim.
“I’llgodownandwithhim,”hesaid.“Perhapshecantellmehowtobe.”
Assoonashesteppedintothemill,heheardthemiller,“Ienvy(羡慕)nobody,forI’mashappyasIcanbe.Andnobodyenviesme.”
“You’re,myfriend,”s