词汇短语园地三.docx

1、词汇短语园地三词汇短语园地（三） 1. aim n. 目标；目的；瞄准 （1） aim用作名词，表示“目的；目标”时是可数名词；表示“瞄准”时是不可数名词。 John has only one aim in lifeto be a film star. 约翰一生只有一个目标成为电影明星。 Take careful aim at the lion. 仔细瞄准那头狮子。 （2） aim后常接at。 He took aim at the bird， but missed. 他向鸟瞄准，但没射中。 aim v. 瞄准；力求达到；力争做到 He aimed his gun at the bird， bu

2、t did not fire. 他用枪瞄准鸟，但没开枪。 （1） aim后一般接at doing sth，有时其后也接for，表示希望达到某个目标。 Theyre aiming at training everybody. 他们正力求做到人人得到培训。 We should aim for the best results. 我们要力争取得最好的结果。 （2） aim后接不定式，表示“想要做某事”（有时可与aim at doing sth互换）。 He aims to become （= at becoming） a computer expert. 他想成为计算机专家。 （3）“实现目标”在英

3、语中要用动词achieve，一般不用reach。 Everybody should be given the chance to achieve their aims. 要让每个人都有机会实现自己的目标。 2. equipment n. 设备；装备 （1） equipment和facility都可译作“设备；器材”，但equipment是不可数名词，指用于某一特殊目的的东西、供给品、装备等。如：a piece of equipment；basic kitchen equipment；medical/office equipment。 （2） facility是可数名词，常用复数形式。facil

4、ities指为特殊活动或目的所提供的种种便利，包括设施、场所和服务等。如：production facilities；facilities for study；facilities for travel；sports facilities；shopping/banking/ cooking facilities。 3. form vi. & vt. 形成；?a生；养成；培养 n. 形式；类型、表格 One of the most important tasks for a school is to help form a childs character. 学校的一个最重要任务就是要帮助儿童形

5、成个性。 Flowers appeared， but fruits failed to form. 开了花，但没有结果。 The disease can take several different forms. 这种疾病可能有几种不同的形式。 Music is not like most other art forms. 音乐不像其他多数种类的艺术类型。 fill out/complete a form 填表 常用搭配： form good habits 养成好习惯 4. boil vt. 煮；煮沸 The water was bubbling and boiling. 水在咕噜咕噜地沸腾着

6、。 Boil plenty of salted water， and then add the spaghetti. 把足量的盐水烧开，再放入意大利面条。 boil down 煮浓；熬浓 boil up 把（液体或食物）烧开 5. react vi. 起反应；（对）做出反应；回应 Local residents have reacted angrily to the news. 当地居民对这一消息表示愤怒。 How did Wilson react to your idea？ 威尔逊对你的想法有什么反应？ （1） react （with sth） 起化学反应；发生物理变化 Iron react

7、s with water and air to produce rust. 铁和水及空气发生反应，产生铁锈。 （2） react against 反对；反抗 He reacted strongly against artistic conventions of his time. 他强烈反对当时的艺术俗套。 6. astonished adj. 吃惊的；惊愕的 （1） be astonished at/by. 对感到惊讶 I was astonished at his behaviour. 我对他的行为感到十分惊讶。 （2） be astonished to find/hear/learn/s

8、ee. 吃惊地发现/听到/知道/看见 We were astonished to hear that their football team had won the champion. 听说他们的足球队获得了冠军，我们很是吃惊。 （3） be astonished that. 惊讶于 She seemed astonished that I had ever been to Paris. 我曾去过巴黎，这使她十分惊讶。 7. conclusion n. 结论 （1） come to/draw/reach a/the conclusion 得出结论 Ive come to the conclus

9、ion that hes not the right person for the job. 我断定他不适合做这项工作。 We can draw some conclusions from our discussion. 从讨论中我们可以得出一些结论。 It took me some time to reach the conclusion. 我花了很长时间才得出结论。 （2） in conclusion 最后；总之 In conclusion， I would like to thank you for all you have done for me. 最后，我要感谢你为我做的一切。 co

10、nclude vt. 断定；推断出；得出结论 8. used to do 过去（常常）做某事 Were eating out more often than we used to. 我们现在出去吃饭的次数比以前多了。 Did they use to play football？ 他们过去经常踢足球吗？ （1） be used to doing sth 习惯做某事 I am used to going to school by bus. 我习惯乘公交车去学校。 （2） be used to do 被用来做（表示被动） Wood is used to make paper. 木头被用来造纸。 9.

11、 add. to. 往加入 If you add five to five， you get ten. 五加五得十。 Please add my name to the list. 请在名单上加上我的名字。 Will you add more sugar to your coffee？ 你的咖啡要多加些糖吗？ （1） add in 包括；把加进去 Dont forget to add me in. 别忘了把我也算上。 （2） add up to 加起来等于；总计 The costs added up to 1000 dollars. 费用总计为1000美元。 （3） add to 使（数量、程

12、度）增加；使（规模）扩大 The bad weather only added to our difficulties. 恶劣的天气只是增加了我们的困难。 10. be supposed to 应当；理应 在be supposed to中，to是动词不定式符号，不是介词，其后要跟动词原形。 （1） 当be supposed to的主语是“人”时，意为“应该；被期望”，它可以用来表示劝告、建议、义务、责任等，相当于情态动词should。 Everyone is supposed to wear a seat belt in the car. 每个人在汽车里都应该系安全带。 Teachers ar

13、e supposed to treat all the students alike. 老师应该对所有的学生一视同仁。 （2） be supposed to后接“have+?去分词”，表示“应该做某事而没做（到）”。 You are supposed to have handed in your homework by now. 你现在本该已把作业交上来了。 He is supposed to have arrived an hour ago. 他本该一小时前就到了。 （3） be supposed to的否定结构为be not supposed to，意为“不被许可；不应当”。 You ar

14、e not supposed to walk on the grass. 不准践踏草地。 You are not supposed to smoke on the bus. 你不应该在公共汽车上吸烟。 11. be proud of 为感到骄傲/自豪 You will be proud of me. 你会以我为荣的。 Its nothing to be proud of. ?没有什么可骄傲的。 跟踪导练（一） 阅读理解 A Everyone has probably seen a movie or two about robots going against man. As a kid it

15、was interesting， but not a reality. But today， when we look at how far scientists have come， its not just a funny thought but a real possibility. Honda has already created a robot with eyes， legs， arms and hands and it can act just like a person. There is no end to what a robot could do in the futur

16、e. Just think what we can do in twenty to thirty years. Were dealing with almost an entire new species （种类） of human-like robots that could be cleverer than us. Can we continue to use these robots in a way that they serve us， or will they become so wise that they will want independence （独立）？ I am re

17、ally not sure just how far scientists are going to perfect robots. But once this type of robot is made， they will be able to think， make decisions， sense the movement of others and decide what it wants to do. A new invention has led to the introduction of a female robot， which was introduced at an e

18、ntertainment show in Vegas. The robot called Roxy sells for between seven and ten thousand dollars. It is built to accompany （陪伴） females. This female （女性的） robot companion is called true companion and you can find such robots on the Internet. Robots used to have limited uses， but now they are almos

19、t in every field. This has opened the door to many dangerous possibilities in the future. 1. Why does the writer mention movies about robots？ A. To lead to the topic of the passage. B. To prove robots can go against man. C. To show that people are interested in robots. D. To explain why robots are l

20、iked by film makers. 2. What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 2 suggest？ A. There is an end to the development of robots. B. Robots may be able to do anything in the future. C. Robots will look exactly like human beings soon. D. Human beings dont know what kind of robot they want. 3. Accord

21、ing to the writer， a perfect robot . A. can think as human beings do B. will always serve human beings C. will surely go against human beings D. is still not as clever as human beings 4. It is implied in the passage that the writer worries that . A. human beings cannot create a perfect robot B. robo

22、ts may be harmful in the future C. robots may be hard to recognize D. robots have limited uses B British scientists have discovered the willow trees planted at an angle （角度） could increase sugars for biofuel production. Willow is fast-growing. It is already used to produce fuels for the renewable he

23、ating and power market. In future it could also help to produce biofuel to power vehicles. It has been known that when willows growing in the wild are blown sideways they produce more sugars. But for a while it has not been known why this happens. Researchers at Imperial College London， led by Dr Ni

24、cholas Brereton and Dr Michael Ray of the Department of Life Sciences， have now solved the mystery. When the tree is blown sideways， its genes （基因） produce large numbers of sugar molecules （分子） to straighten the tree upwards. “This is an important breakthrough. Our study now shows that natural genet

25、ic changes are related to these differences. And this could well be the key to unlocking the future for green energy from willow，” said Dr Brereton. The research was carried out under lab conditions. The willows were grown at an angle of 45 degrees. They were compared to willows which grow naturally

26、 straight upwards. The team then looked for the same effect among the willows growing on the Isle of Orkney where strong winds cause the trees to bend at extreme angles. They discovered that the Orkney trees produce five times the amount of sugars found in willows grown in sheltered conditions. Will

27、ow is widely planted across the UK. The results show that biofuel crops such as willows could be grown in climatically challenging conditions where chances of growing food crops are limited. The study is published in Biotechnology for Biofuels. 5. What may happen when willows are planted in strong w

28、inds？ A. They will stop growing. B. They will grow sideways. C. Few sugars will be produced. D. Changes in genes will take place. 6. What can we learn from the passage about the Orkney willows？ A. They are unusually rich in sugars. B. They grow naturally straight upwards. C. They looked taller than

29、ordinary willows. D. They are stronger than those growing in labs. 7. Farmers living in challenging climate . A. use biofuel for heating and power B. are encouraged to grow biofuel crops C. can plant different kinds of food crops D. should make their willows grow straight 8. Where does this passage

30、probably come from？ A. A personal diary. B. A newspaper ad. C. A scientific journal. D. A travel magazine. 跟?导练（二） 完形填空 Once upon a time there lived on the bank of a river a miller （磨坊主）. He was singing happily. People all over the land liked to talk about his pleasant . At last the king him. “Ill go down and with him，” he said. “Perhaps he can tell me how to be .” As soon as he stepped into the mill， he heard the miller ， “I envy （羡慕） nobody， for Im as happy as I can be. And nobody envies me.” “Youre ， my friend，” s