安徽高考英语任务型阅读训练经典题目.docx
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安徽高考英语任务型阅读训练经典题目
安徽高考英语任务型阅读训练经典题目
一、高中英语任务型阅读
1.根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。
选项中有两项为多余选项。
选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Tip1:
________
Manyentrepreneursagreethatcreatingshort-termandlong-termgoalsisthekeytosuccess.Writedownyourgoalsforthenextyearormore.________Butbywritingthemdown,youwillalreadybeinabetterpositiontoachievethem.
Tip2:
Findyourpassionquicklybutcheaply.
________Takepartinavarietyofactivitiestodiscoverwhatyoulove,suchasafreeconcert,afreeclassorjustacheapmovie;meanwhile,trynottospendtoomuchmoneyintheprocess.
Tip3:
Beamasteratsocialmedia.
Becominganexpertatsocialmediamaybethemostimportantthingtobetteryourentrepreneurialdreams.Usingsocialmedia,you'llreachaglobalaudience.Bygrowingandmanagingyouronlinepresence,youwillenlargetheinfluenceofyourbrand.________
Suchadditionstoyourdailylifearelifestylechangesthatwillimproveyourchancesofsuccess.Theymayseeminsignificantnow,butwhenyou'resuccess,you'llappreciatetheroletheyplayed.________Lookingback,you'llbeproudofyoursmartchoices.
A.Createmanageablegoals.
B.Writedownshort-termgoals.
C.Andsuccessislikelytofollow.
D.Socialmediaisessentialtoentrepreneurship.
E.Itisimportanttolearnwhatgetsyouexcited.
F.Itmaytakesometimetotickoffallthepointsonyourlist.
G.You'llbegladyoutookthetimetowinthegameproperly.
【答案】A;F;E;C;G
【解析】文章大意:
这是一篇说明文,主要介绍了创业更容易成功的几点建议。
(1)考查归纳总结。
本段的主要内容是制定长期和短期的目标是成功的关键,因此可推断出本部分的小标题应是制定可行性的目标,故答案选A。
(2)考查推理判断。
结合上文和后一句Butbywritingthemdown,youwillalreadybeinabetterpositiontoachievethem.(如果你要把它们写下来,你就可以更好的去实现他们)可推断出,列出清单可能会花费一些时间,故答案选F。
(3)考查细节理解。
根据小标题和下文的Takepartinavarietyofactivitiestodiscoverwhatyoulove可推断,要发现自己喜欢什么,学习让你感到兴奋的东西是很重要的,故答案选E。
(4)考查推理判断。
根据上文可知,想成为成功的创业者,需要利用好社交媒体,可以扩大你的影响力,由此成功可能会到来,故答案选C。
(5)考查推理判断。
结合上下文,尤其是上文的Theymayseeminsignificantnow,butwhenyou'resuccess,you'llappreciatetheroletheyplayed.可知,现在这些看似不重要,但当你成功时,你将感激它们所起的作用,可推断出,你会很高兴你花时间去赢得比赛,故答案选G。
【点评】七选五题步骤如下:
步骤一:
快速浏览一遍七个备选答案,先确定哪个选项适合放在文章的什么位置。
步骤二:
快速浏览文章,确定文章体裁,抓住文章结构。
步骤三:
分析篇章结构,找出各段的主题句或主旨大意。
步骤四:
注意各选项中出现的句子衔接手段,寻找句中衔接标志词。
步骤五:
区分相似项。
骤六:
用代入法,检查答案是否合理。
2.任务型阅读
AgehasitsprivilegesinAmerica,andoneofthemostimportantofthemistheseniorcitizendiscount.Eligibility(资格)isdeterminednotbyone'sneedbutbythedateonone'sbirthcertificate.Thediscountshavebecomearoutinepartofmanybusinesses—ascommonascolortelevisionsinmotelroomsandfreecoffeeonairliners.
Peoplewithgrayhairoftenaregiventhediscountswithoutevenaskingforthem;yet,millionsofAmericansaboveage60arehealthyandsolvent(有支付能力的).Businessesthatwouldneverdareofferdiscountstocollegestudentsoranyoneunder30freelyofferthemtoolderAmericans.Thepracticeisacceptablebecauseofthewidespreadbeliefthat"elderly"means"needy".Perhapsthatoncewastrue,buttodayelderlyAmericansasagrouphavealowerpovertyratethantherestofthepopulation.Tobesure,thereiseconomicdiversitywithintheelderly,andmanyolderAmericansarepoor.Butmostofthemaren't.
Itisimpossibletodeterminetheimpactofthediscountsonindividualcompanies.Formanyfirms,theyareastimulustorevenue.Butinothercases,thediscountsaregivenattheexpense,directlyorindirectly,ofyoungerAmericans.Moreover,theyareadirectirritant(刺激物)inwhatsomepoliticiansandscholarsseeasacomingconflictbetweenthegenerations.
GenerationaltensionsarebeingfueledbycontinuingdebateoverSocialSecuritybenefits,whichmostlyinvolveatransferofresourcesfromtheyoungtotheold.Employmentisanothersorepoint.Supportedbylawsandcourtdecisions,moreandmoreolderAmericansaredecliningtheretirementdinnerinfavorofstayingonthejob—therebylesseningemploymentandpromotionopportunitiesforyoungerworkers.
Farfromakindofcharitytheyoncewere,seniorcitizendiscountshavebecomeaprivilegetoagroupwithmillionsofmemberswhodon'tneedthem.
Itnolongermakessensetotreattheelderlyasasinglegroupwhoseeconomicneedsdeservepriorityoverthoseofothers.Seniorcitizendiscountsonlyenhancethemyththatolderpeoplecan'ttakecareofthemselvesandneedspecialtreatment;andtheythreatenthecreationofanewmyth,thattheelderlyareungratefulandtakingforthemselvesattheexpenseofchildrenandotheragegroups.SeniorcitizendiscountsaretheessenceoftheverythingolderAmericansarefightingagainst—discriminationbyage.
Outline
Details
Introduction
AgedetermineswhetheranAmericancanbegivenadiscount,whichisacommon________inAmericanbusinesslifetoday.
Originofseniorcitizendiscount
Sincetheseniorcitizensareoftentreatedaspeoplewhoarein________ theyaregivensuchpriority.
________situation
●Thesituationhaschangedalotwherethemajorityoftheelderlyarenotpooratall.
●YoungerAmericanswereata(n)________ directlyorindirectlyduetothediscountsgiventotheelderly,thusleadingtoconflictsbetweengenerations.
●ThenumberofolderAmericans________toworkratherthanretireisontheincrease,whichmeans________opportunitiesforyoungworkers.
●Itisnolongerakindofcharitybecausemillionsofseniorcitizensdon'tneedthepriority________ .
Conclusion
●It'sunwisetoofferdiscountprioritytotheelderly.
●Itwillmisleadpeopletothinktheyareunableto________ tothemselves.
●Peoplemaythinkthattheyareungratefulandthey'rehurtingthe________ ofotheragegroups.
●Actuallyseniorcitizendiscounts,tosomeextent,________ againsttheirage.
【答案】practice;need/poverty;Present/Current;disadvantage;preferring;fewer;economically;attend/tend;interest(s)/benefit(s);discriminate
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文,探讨了美国社会老年人享受商品折扣这一特殊待遇的现象。
作者提出很多老年人是拥有支付能力的,他们并不需要享受折扣。
让他们享受商品折扣其实是牺牲了年轻人的利益,甚至会加剧两代人之间的冲突,从某种程度上来说,老年人所享受折扣其实也是一种年龄歧视。
(1)考查信息转换。
根据第一段中的"Thediscountshavebecomearoutinepartofmanybusinesses—ascommonas…"可知这是一种惯常行为,acommonpractice意为“惯常行为,常规做法”,因此填practice。
(2)考查信息转换。
根据第二段中的"Thepracticeisacceptablebecauseofthewidespreadbeliefthat'elderly'means'needy'"可知对老人打折起因于认为老年人有需要,也就是贫穷。
因此填need/poverty。
(3)考查信息归纳。
由本栏中提到的四点可以看出此处是说目前美国的社会现状,即Present/Currentsituation。
因此填Present/Current。
(4)考查信息转换。
根据第三段中的"Butinothercases,thediscountsaregivenattheexpense,directlyorindirectly,ofyoungerAmericans."可知对老年人优惠使得年轻人处于不利地位,atadisadvantage固定短语“处于不利地位”,因此填disadvantage。
(5)考查信息转换。
根据第四段中的"moreandmoreolderAmericansaredecliningtheretirementdinnerinfavorofstayingonthejob"可知选择继续工作而不选择退休的老年人的数量在增加。
prefer…ratherthan固定短语,“选择.....而不选择.....”,因为“olderAmericans____5____toworkratherthanretireisontheincrease”跟在介词of后面修饰前面的主语Thenumber,所以空格处prefer用动名词形式,故填preferring。
(6)考查信息转换。
根据第四段中的"therebylesseningemploymentandpromotionopportunitiesforyoungerworkers"可知老年人不愿退休,年轻人就业和升职的机会变少了,故填fewer。
(7)考查信息转换。
根据最后一段中的"Itnolongermakessensetotreattheelderlyasasinglegroupwhoseeconomicneedsdeservepriorityoverthoseofothers.可知很多老年人在经济上不需要这种优惠了,这里空格处修饰动词need,要用经济的副词形式,故填economically。
(8)考查信息转换。
根据最后一段中的"Seniorcitizendiscountsonlyenhancethemyththatolderpeoplecan'ttakecareofthemselves"可知长者折扣只会增强老年人不能照顾自己的谬见。
attend/tendtooneself固定短语“照顾自己”,因此填attend/tend。
(9)考查信息转换。
根据最后一段中的"theelderlyareungratefulandtakingforthemselvesattheexpenseofchildrenandotheragegroups"可知,人们会认为老年人是不感恩的,而且他们伤害了其他年龄段的人的利益,因此填interest(s)/benefit(s)。
(10)考查信息转换,根据最后一段中的“SeniorcitizendiscountsaretheessenceoftheverythingolderAmericansarefightingagainst—discriminationbyage.”可知年长者折扣可能会被认为是一种年龄歧视,这里用在against前,用动词形式。
故填discriminate。
【点评】本题考点涉及信息转换和信息归纳两个题型的考查,是一篇社会现象类阅读,要求考生准确捕捉细节信息,根据上下文的逻辑关系,结合相关的语法知识和词汇知识,做出正确答案。
3.Completethefollowingpassagebyusingthesentencesgivenbelow.Eachsentencebeusedonlyonce.Notethattherearetwomoresentencesthanyouneed.
Today,inmostofthetheatresinBritain,thestagesaresituatedbehindasortofarch(拱门),calledtheproscenium(幕布前的舞台部分)arch.Thearchrunsacrossthebuildingwiththestageononesideofitandtheauditorium,housingtheaudience,ontheother.Theaudienceiskepttotheareafromwhichitcangetaclearviewofthestage.Thistypeoftheatrehasbeenisuseforthreehundredyears.________Theactorcanignorethemuntiltheend,whentheyapplaudtheperformance.Ifanactorwantstospeaktotheaudiencehetendstostepoutofthepicture,asitwere—downtotheedgeofthestage.
________Stagefurnitureorproperties—"props",astheyarereferredtointhebusiness–arenowasfewaspossible.Elaboratesceneryisusedonlywhenitisgoingtolastthroughouttheplay,orwhenitissoconstructedthatitcanbechangedquickly.Moderntheatresarebuiltwiththestageextendingfarinfrontoftheprosceniumarch,ifindeedtheyhaveaprosceniumarchatall,electricity,alreadylonginuse,hasrecentlyhadarevolutionaryeffect.Achangeoflightingisasgoodasachangeofscenery,andsimplerandquicker;itcanlightonepartofthestageinplaceofanother.Footlightshavebeenfoundunnecessary.Curtainsalsoarehardlynecessary,sincethestagecanbedarkenedtosignifytheendofascene.
Themodernideaofhavingthestageinfrontoftheprosceniumarchisnotreallymodern,ofcourse.ItmakesourstagesmuchlikeShakespeare's.________ThefamousspeechesofHamlet,forinstance,canbedeliveredmorequietlyandnaturallythantheywereinthelascentury.Theactorsnolongerhavetoworrymuchaboutnotbeingheard,oraboutturningtheirbackstotheauditorium.Theycangetclosertotheaudience,whilealargeraudiencecanse