学年上海市静安区高考英语一模试题Word版及参考答案.docx

学年上海市静安区高考英语一模试题Word版及参考答案.docx

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学年上海市静安区高考英语一模试题Word版及参考答案

Ⅱ.GrammarandVocabularySectionA

Directions:

Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.

HowDoAvalanchesHappen

Ifyou’reeverskiinginthemountains,you’llwanttobeawareofavalanches.Anavalancheisasuddenflowofsnowdownaslope,suchasamountain.Theamountofsnowinanavalanche（21）（vary）basedonmanythings,butitcanbesuchahugeamountthatitcanburythebottomofaslopeindozensoffeetofsnow.

Avalanches（22）becausedbynaturalthings.Forexample,newsnoworraincancausebuilt-upsnowtoloosenandfalldownthesideofamountain.Artificialtriggers（诱发因素）canalsocauseavalanches.Forexample,snowmobiles,skiers,andexplosives（23）（know）toleadtoavalanches.

Avalanchesusuallyoccurduringthewinterandspring,（24）snowfallisgreatest.Astheyaredangeroustoanylivingbeingsintheirpath,avalancheshavedestroyedforests,roads,railroadsandevenentiretowns.Warningsignsexistthatallowexpertstopredict--andoftenprevent--avalanchesfrom（25）

（occur）.Whenoverafootoffreshsnowfalls,expertsknowtobeonthelookoutforavalanches.Explosivescanbeusedinplaces（26）massivesnowbuildupstotriggermuchsmalleravalanchesthatdon’tposeadangertopersonsorproperty.

Whendeadlyavalanchesdooccur,themovingsnowcanquicklyreachover80milesperhour.Skierscaughtinsuchavalanchescanbeburiedunderdozensoffeetofsnow.（27）it’spossibletodigoutofsuchavalanches,notallareabletoescape.

Ifyougettossedaboutbyanavalancheandfindyourself（28）（bury）undermanyfeetofsnow,youmightnothaveatruesenseofwhichwayisupandwhichwayisdown.Someavalanchevictimshavetriedtodigtheirwayout,onlytofindthattheywereupsidedownanddigging（29）fartherunderthesnowratherthantothetop!

Expertssuggestthatpeoplecaughtinanavalanchetrytodigaroundyou（30）（create）aspaceforair,soyoucanbreathemoreeasily.Then,doyourbesttofigureoutwhichwayisupanddiginthatdirectiontoreachthesurfaceandsignalrescuers.

SectionB

A.secretly

B.relevant

C.agreement

D.tested

E.devotionF.advanced

G.unlock

H.revealed

I.withdrawal

J.separately

K.unimaginable

Directions:

Completethefollowingpassagebyusingthewordsinthebox.Eachwordcanbeusedonlyonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.

FoundingFatherofChina’sNuclearProgram

UnderthetermsoftheNuclearNon-ProliferationTready（不扩散核武器条约）,onlyfivecountriesareconsideredtobe“nuclear-weaponstates.”Chinaisoneofthem.Thismilitaryachievementwouldhavebeen31withoutthecontributionofDengJiaxian,aleadingorganizerofChina’snuclearweaponprograms.

DengwenttotheUnitedStatesin1948forfurtherstudy,andreceivedadoctorateinphysicstwoyearslater.Justninedaysaftergraduation,thethen26-year-oldreturnedtothenewly-foundedPeople’sRepublicofChinawith

32physicsknowledge.HebecamearesearchfellowundertheleadershipofQianSanqiangandstartedhistheoreticalnuclearresearchincooperationwithYuMin.

From1958on,Dengspentover20yearsworking33withateamofyoungscientistsonthedevelopmentofChina’sfirstatomicandhydrogenbombs.Originally,theywerepreparedtoreceivetrainingbyexpertsfromthe

SovietUnion.Soonafter,however,theSovietgovernmenttoreupits34withChinaandremovedallitsexperts.Denghadtoleadtheteamof28memberswithanaverageageof23onamissionto35themysteriouspowerofatomicphysics.

Therewasridicule（嘲笑）followingthe36oftheSovietexpertsthatChinawouldn’tbeabletobuild

anatomicbombwithin20years.Dengsaidtohiscolleagues,“ItisintheinterestoftheChinesepeopletodevelopnuclearweapons.Wemustbewillingtobeunknownheroesforourlifetime.Itisworththeriskofsuffering,anditisworthour37tothiscause.”

AstheleaderofChina’satomicbombdesign,Denggavelessonshimselfandorganizedateamtotranslateandstudythe38foreignlanguagematerials.Inthemeantime,heneverstoppedthinkingaboutthedirectionofatomicbombdevelopment.

Followingthesuccessfultestofthefirstatomicbombin1964,DengjoinedtheresearchgroupledbyYuMin.Theyimmediatelystartedthedesignofthehydrogenbomb,whichwas39in1967.Fromthefirstatomicbombtothefirsthydrogenbomb,Chinaspentonlytwoyearsandeightmonthsondevelopment.

Dengpassedawayin1986becauseofcancer.Inthelastmonthofhislife,the28-yearsecretexperienceofthisgreatscientistwas40,andhisreputationbegantospreadthroughoutChina.In1999,alongwith22otherscientists,hewasawardedthespecialprizeof“TwoBombs,OneSatelliteMeritoriousMedal”forhiscontributiontoChinesemilitaryscience.

Ⅲ.ReadingComprehensionSectionA

Directions:

ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.

IntheFakeNewsEra,BuildingTrustwithConsumersIsCrucial

Withconsumersgrowingincreasinglyfrustratedwithonlineadvertisingandprivacyconcerns,howtoyouconvinceshopperstobuyyournarrative（叙述）,letaloneyourproduct?

ArecentreportbyTrust-Radius,asoftwarereviewcompanythatconnectsbuyersandvendors（供应商）,maybeabletoshedsomelight.Amongotherinterestingfindings,itturnsoutthatitmayactuallybenefitbrandstobepainfully41abouttheirproducts.

Consumerawarenessofinfluencermarketingtactics（策略）isincreasing.42,accordingtothereport,

mostconsumerstrustonlinepeer43asmuchasrecommendationsfromfriends--andwellabovecompanyadvertisingmessage.Feedbackfromeverydayfolks,itseems,actuallycarriesmore44thanabrandambassador

（大使）fromanout-of-reachpersonality.

Transparency（透明度）iscrucialThereportfoundthatthereisalargetrust45betweenvendorsandbuyers.Whilevendorsbelievetheyaretransparent,mostbuyersdon’tappeartoseeit.Duringthesalesprocess,forexample,85percentofvendors--46tobeopenabouttheirproduct’slimitationsduringthesalesprocess--butonly36percentofbuyerssharethatsameview.Therealityis,consumersdon’texpectanyproductstobe47--theyjustwanttoenterrelationshipswiththeireyeswideopensothattheycan48theoptionsthatarebestforthem.Theyalsowantbrandstobemore49.66percentofconsumerssaytheywillleaveacompanyiftheyfeeltheyarebeingtreatedlikeanumberandnotanindividual.

Alongwiththecombinationoftakenews,advertisingfraud,anddataleaks,therehavebeenfakereviewsaswell.Reviewsiteshavebeen50givingpreferential（优惠的）treatmenttopaidadvertisers,andconsumersareincreasinglydiscerning（有辨别力的）,asaresult.51,reviewsitesarenotouronlysourceofpeerreviews,

withsocialmediaprovidingcustomerexperiencesonasecond-to-secondbasis.Whenbrandstreatevery52withacustomerasapotentialreview,they’llstartpayingmoreattentiontodetail,andbeingalerttodeliveringa

valuedandmemorableexperienceeverytime.Takingfeedbackseriouslyalsoletscurrentcustomersfeelvaluedandrespectedandmakesyourbusinessseemmoreapproachable.Thishelpssecure53,andoften,thesecustomerswillbecomebrandambassadorstotheirfriends,familyandpeopletheymeetonline.

Thechallengeforbrandstodayisdetermininghowtousethe54oftheconsumertotheiradvantage.Inanageofcutting-edgetechnology,artificialintelligence,andself-servicecustomercare,it’soddtoacknowledgethatthebestwaytobuildtrustwithyourcustomersisbyholdinganopen55withyourcustomers.Beingmorehuman,transparent,andlisteningtowhatpeoplearesayingwillseeyourcompanythriveinaneramarkedbyconsumersuspicion.

41.A.nervous

B.honest

C.careful

D.particular

42.A.Instead

B.Otherwise

C.Moreover

D.However

43.A.reviews

B.reactions

C.experiences

D.instructions

44.A.weight

B.risks

C.warnings

D.burdens

45.A.relationship

B.influence

C.gap

D.extension

46.A.refuse

B.hesitate

C.desire

D.claim

47.A.advanced

B.perfect

C.remarkable

D.unique

48.A.consider

B.offer

C.select

D.exercise

49.A.efficient

B.profitable

C.human

D.responsible

50.A.associatedwith

B.mistakenby

C.praisedas

D.criticizedfor

51.A.Onthecontrary

B.Infact

C.Bycontrast

D.Inaword

52.A.cooperation

B.complaint

C.interaction

D.appointment

53.A.safety

B.loyalty

C.convenience

D.employment

54.A.money

B.choice

C.habit

D.voice

55.A.dialogue

B.debate

C.competition

D.contract

SectionB

Directions:

Readthefollowingthreepassage.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.

（A）

Ashumanityhasgotricher,animal’sroleshavechanged.Peopleneedtheirserviceslessthanbefore.Fewerwolvesandthievesmeantlessdemandfordogsforprotection;theinternalcombustionengine（内燃机）madehorsesunneeded;modernsanitation（卫生设备）keptratsincheckandmadecatslessuseful.Nolongernecessities,domestic

animalsbecameluxuries.Pet-keepingseemstokickinwhenhouseholdincomesriseaboveroughly$5,000.Itisbooming.

Thetrendisnotanewone.Archaeologists（考古学家）havefound10,000-year-oldgravesinwhichdogs

andpeoplearebur