Juniper Net Screen防火墙.docx

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Juniper Net Screen防火墙.docx

JuniperNetScreen防火墙

研发服务中心

网络文档

Juniper网络安全设备适用应用文档

(防火墙)

 

2011-5-17发布

目录

一、JuniperNetScreen防火墙介绍5

1.1JuniperFirewalls5

1.2三种网管方式5

1.3CoreTechnologies6

1.4DeviceArchitecture7

1.5SSG产品特点8

1.6NetScreenSSG产品特点8

1.7NetScreenSSGProductLine

(一)8

1.8NetScreenSSGProductLine

(二)9

二、管理和初始化10

2.1SystemComponents10

2.2CLI(命令行)10

2.3Initialconfig11

2.4WebUIGuide11

2.5WebUI主界面12

2.6基本管理任务12

三、桥接和路由20

3.1速率和双工20

3.2桥接(子接口)20

3.3桥接(环回口)21

3.4桥接(桥接组)21

3.5路由(VirtualRouters)22

3.6路由(RouteTypes)23

3.7路由(DifferentRoutingTables)23

3.8EqualCostMultiplePath24

3.9其它路由功能:

26

四、策略27

4.1AddressBook27

4.2ServicesPredefined27

43CreateaCustomService28

4.4AddressGroup29

4.5ServiceGroup30

4.6Multi-CellpolicyCreation30

4.7DisablingaPolicy31

4.8AdvancedPolicy31

4.9Traffic-ShapingInterfaceBandwidthProperties31

4.10TrafficLogs32

4.11TrafficCounters32

4.12TrafficAlarms32

五、NAT(网络地址转换)33

5.1JuniperNATOverview33

5.2NetScreenPacketFlow34

5.3VerifyingNATBehavior34

5.4MIP35

5.5DIP35

六、透明模式36

6.1Layer-2SecurityZones36

6.2InterfaceInTransparantMode36

6.3Vlan1Interface37

6.4DefaultManagementBehavior38

6.5ManagementOperations38

6.6ConfiguringforTransparantMode39

七、用户管理和认证39

7.1UserAccountTypes39

7.2AdminAccountTypes40

7.3ExternalAuthentication40

7.5AuthUser40

7.6ConfiguringBothIKEandXauthforaSingleUser41

八、攻击防御42

8.1NetScreenSolutions42

8.2ScreenOverview42

8.3Screenconfiguration42

文档修改记录

序号

操作

文档版本

文档更新日期

文档撰写人

文档审核人

1

C

V1.0

2011-5-17

卜红素

说明:

创建:

C修改:

M删除D重命名:

R

JuniperNetScreen防火墙学习

一、JuniperNetScreen防火墙介绍

Juniper安全产品线

1、NetScreen-------------------------------------------------Firewall/VPN

2、IDP--------------------------------------------------------------IPS

3、SSLVPN

4、UAC-------------------------------------------------------------NAC/CCA

1.1JuniperFirewalls

Statefulinspection

TheNetscreenfirewallsthemselvesarebasedonacustom-builtarchitectureconsistingofapplication-specificintegratedcircuit(ASIC)technology。

DI

IPSECVPN

Netscreen-Remote,Netscreen-Security

TrendMicro’sandKasperskyLab’santivirussoftware.

1.2三种网管方式

Command-lineInterface(CLI)

WebUserInterface(WebUI)

NetScreenSecurityManager(NSM)

1.3CoreTechnologies

Zones

三种类型的Zone

A、securityzone

B、Tunnelzone

C、Functionzone

VirtualRouters

A、提供了多个路由表(类似于VRF)

B、Virtualroutersareboundtozones,andthezonesareboundtointerfaces。

InterfaceModes

A、RouteMode

B、TransparentMode

Policies

A、三种Policies类型

a)Intrazone;Interzone;Global

B、四种Action

a)Allow;Deny;Reject;Tunnel

VPN

A、Route-Based

B、Policy-Based

 

1.4DeviceArchitecture

IntegratedSecurityApplication

VPN

Firewall

DenialofServiceProtection

TrafficManagement

SecuritySpecificRealTimeOS

DynamicRouting

HighAvailability

Virtualization

CentralizedManagement

 

RISCCPU

 

Memory

 

ASIC

 

Interfaces

Purpose-BuiltHardwarePlatform

1.5SSG产品特点

没有采用ASIC

UTM

两种内存方案(128M,256M)

1.6NetScreenSSG产品特点

eachdeviceisrelativelysimilar。

However,thehigherupthefirewallproductline,themoreportsandoptionsyouwillgettouse。

(junos相同,提供相同的配置界面,高端的防火墙产品只是能够提供更多的接口和选项。

Allofthedevicesuseflashmomoryasthelong-termstorageoption。

Noneofthefirewallsreliesonaharddisktorun。

(统一使用Flash架构,比硬盘架构更稳定。

NetScreenSSGProductLine

(一)

ProductMaxInterfaces

NameProductClassEthernet/WanThroughput

Netscreen-RemoteRemoteClientN/AN/A

VPNClientSoftware

Netscreen-RemoteRemoteClientN/AN/A

ClientSoftware

NetScreen-HardwareSmallOffice5/050Mbps

SecurityClientHomeOffice

NetScreen-5-XTSmallOffice5/070Mbps

HomeOffice

NetScreen-5-GTSmallOffice5/1ADSL75Mbps

HomeOffice

NetScreen-5-XTSmallOffice7/1(V.92,90Mbps

HomeOfficeISDN,RS232)

 

NetScreenSSGProductLine

(二)

ProductMaxInterfaces

NameProductClassEthernet/WanThroughput

SSG20SmallOffice6/2(v.92,ISDN,DSL,T1,E1)90Mbps

NetScreen-25MidRange4100Mbps

NetScreen-50MidRange4170Mbps

SSG140MidRange10/8(2xT1,2XE1,350Mbps

2Xserial,1Xisdn)

NetScreen-204HighRange4400Mbps

NetScreen-208HighRange8550Mbps

SSG520HighRange12/(2xT1,2xE1,600Mbps

2xSerial,1Xds3)

NetScreen-500EnterpriseClass8700Mbps

SSG550EnterpriseClass20/(2xT1,2xE1,1Gbps

2xSerial,1xDS3)

 

NetScreen-ISG1000NextGen201Gbps

EnterpriseClass

NetScreen-ISG2000NextGen242Gbps

EnterpriseClass

NetScreen-5200CarrierClass2610Gbps

NetScreen-5400CarrierProvider7830Gbps

Class

二、管理和初始化

2

2.1SystemComponents

2.2CLI(命令行)

默认用户名和密码netscreen/netscreen

Get

A、Getconfig;getsystem(类似于show)

B、Set

a)Setinterfacee0/01.1.1.1255.255.255.0

b)Setvroutertrust

2.3Initialconfig

Setinterface“ethernet0/0”zone“Untrust”

Setinterface“ethernet0/1”zone“DMZ”

Setinterface“bgroup0”zone“Trust”

Setinterfacebgroup0portethernet0/2

Setinterfacebgroup0portethernet0/3

Setinterfacebgroup0portethernet0/4

Unsetinterfacevlan1ip

Setinterfacebgroup0ip192.168.1.1/24

Setinterfacebgroup0nat

Setinterfacebgroup0ipmanageable

Setinterfacebgroup0dhcpserverservice

Setinterfacebgroup0dhcpserverauto

Setinterfacebgroup0dhcpserveroptiongateway192.168.1.1

Setinterfacebgroup0dhcpserveroptionnetmask255.255.255.0

Setinterfacebgroup0dhcpserviceip192.168.1.33to192.168.126

2.4WebUIGuide

管理员用户名和密码

定义UntrustZone,DMZZone,TrustZone接口;

定义Untrust接口地址;

定义DMZ接口地址;

定义DHCP地址池;

2.5WebUI主界面

 

2.6基本管理任务

configureinterfaceforIPconnectivity;

*、Network>Interfaces(list)>Edit

changerootadministratorpassword;

*、Configuration>Admin>Administrators

createsystemadministrator;

administrativeoptions;

a、接口的配置过程

1、Zoneareassignedtoavirualrouter;

2、Interfacesareassignedtosecurityzone;

3、Individualconfigurationparametersareassignedtointerface;

b、ConfigureZones/Interfaces

WebUI

CLI

Ssg20->setinterfacee0/0zoneuntrust

Ssg20->setinterfacee0/0ip202.100.1.1/24

Ssg20->save

c、ManagementServicesWebUI

默认情况TrustZone:

allservicesenable

默认情况AnyotherZone:

allservicesdisabled

d、ManagementServicesCLI

查看接口状态

设置管理服务

Ssg20->setinterfacee0/0manageping

Ssg20->setinterfacee0/0managetelnet

Ssg20->setinterfacee0/0manage(服务全部启用)

Ssg20->save

e、Management-IPAddress

WebUI

CLI

Ssg20->setinterfacebgroup0manage-ip192.168.1.100

Ssg20->save

a、DeviceAdministrators(设备管理设置)

1、RootadmindefinedbytheScreenOS

2、LocaladmindefinedbytheRootAccount

b、ChangeRootAdminName/Password

Root账户默认为netscreen/netscreen(为了安全考虑应该马上更改)

Ssg20->setadminnamenewadmin

Passwordhasbeenrestoredtodefault“netscreen”.Forsecurityreasons,pleasechangepasswordimmediately.

Ssg20->setadminpasswordcisco

Ssg20->save

c、CreateSystemAdministrators

有两种类型的Administrator:

1、Read-Write2、Read-Only

Ssg20->setadminuserciscopasswordciscoprivilegeall

Ssg20->save

d、PermittedIps

管理IP地址限制

Configuration>admin>PermittedIPS

Ssg20->setadminmanager-ip202.100.1.0255.255.255.0

Ssg20->save

e、ManagementOperation

1、Matchthemanagementaddressofthearrivinginterface

2、MatchtheIPaddressofa“trusted”Source

3、Matchanallowedservicetype

4、Matchusername/Password

 

f、MoreControlOption

PasswordMinimumLength

Ssg20->setadminpasswordrestrictlength4

Ssg20->save

Restrictrootaccesstoconsoleonly

Ssg20->setadminrootaccessconsole

Ssg20->save

Limitunsuccessfulloginattempts(viaTelnet)

Ssg20->setadminaccessattempts3

Ssg20->save

g、ExternalManagementDevices

ThereareserveralcommonapplicationsthatOperateinconjunctionwiththeNetScreendevice.

1、DNS

2、Syslog

3、SNMP

a、DNS

Network>DNS>host>

b、Syslog

Configuration>reportsettings>LogSettings

c、SNMP

Configuration>reportsettings>SNMP

(一)

(二)

h、SavingYourConfiguration

1、WebUI

SaveautomaticallyWhenyouclick“Apply”or“OK”Consoledisplayssavemessages.

2、CLI

Manualcommand

Writestoon-boardflashconfigurationfile

Ssg20->save

SaveSystemConfiguration…

Done

i、ConfigurationRollback

1、Createrollbackfile

Ssg20->saveconfigtolast-known-good

SavesystemconfigurationtoLast-Known-Good…

Done

Forcerollback(系统重启)

Ssg20->execconfigrollback

j、LostRootPassword

1、PasswordsCANNOTberecovered

2、Systemmustberestoredtofactorydefaults

-Alsocalled“AssetRecovery”

-Allconfigurationparameters,certificates,andkeysaredeleted.

3、Twomethods

-Logintoconsolewithdeviceserialnumberasusernameandpassword.

Warningmessagesregardingdestructiveresultswillappear

-Usepinholeonexteriorofsystem

Pressuntilflashinglightchangestored

Waituntilflashingredturnstoflashinggreen

Pressagain

三、桥接和路由

3

3.1速率和双工

A、LinkdownYesNo

B、AutoNegotiateYesNo

C、DuplexHalfFull

D、Speed10M100M

Network>interface(list)>Edit>Phy

3.2桥接(子接口)

A、NewSub-IF

Network>interface(list)>(选择类型,如(子接口,Sub-IF))New

B、配置Zone和VLANTag

3.3桥接(环回口)

A、NewLoopbackIF

Network>interface(list)>(选择类型,如(子接口,LoopbackIF))New

 

B、配置LoopbackIF

3.4桥接(桥接组)

A、桥接组

(一)

默认情况下SSG20的e0/2;e0/3;e0

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