新概念第三册课文精读详解4.docx

新概念第三册课文精读详解4.docx

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新概念第三册课文精读详解4

Lesson13‘It’sonlyme’“是我，别害怕”

一、【Text】课文

Afterherhusbandhadgonetowork,MrsRichardssentherchildrentoschoolandwentupstairstoherbedroom.Shewastooexcitedtodoanyhouseworkthatmorning,forintheeveningshewouldbegoingtoafancydresspartywithherhusband.Sheintendedtodressupasaghostandasshehadmadehercostumethenightbefore,shewasimpatienttotryiton.Thoughthecostumeconsistedonlyofasheet,itwasveryeffective.Afterputtingiton,MrsRichardswentdownstairs.Shewantedtofindoutwhetheritwouldbecomfortabletowear.

JustasMrsRichardswasenteringthedining-room,therewasaknockonthefrontdoor.Sheknewthatitmustbethebaker.Shehadtoddhimtocomestraightinifevershefailedtoopenthedoorandtoleavethebreadonthekitchentable.Notwantingtofrightenthepoorman,MrsRichardsquicklyhidinthesmallstore-roomunderthestairs.Sheheardthefrontdooropenandheavyfootstepsinthehall.Suddenlythedoorofthestore-roomwasopenedandamanentered.MrsRichardsrealizedthatitmustbethemanfromtheElectricityBoardwhohadcometoreadthemeter.Shetriedtoexplainthesituation,saying'It'sonlyme',butitwastoolate.Themanletoutacryandjumpedbackseveralpaces.WhenMrsRichardswalkedtowardshim,hefled,slammingthedoorbehindhim.

二、【Newwordsandexpressions】生词和短语

◆costume   n.化装服

◆consist     v.由...组成

◆sheet n.被单

◆effective   adj.有明显效果的，有作用的

◆comfortable     adj.舒适的

◆streroom  n.储藏室

◆electricity n.电

◆metren.电表

◆pace  n.一步

◆flee   v.逃走

◆slam v.砰地关上

◆costumen.化装服

costumeball化妆舞会

costumeparty

fancy（dress）party

suit西服，西装

dress裙子

◆consistv.由...组成

consistof--由…组成（表示被动概念）==bemadeupof==comprise==becomposedof（强调由什么成分所构成）

Eg:

Ourclassconsistof100students.

TheUnitedKingdomconsistsofG.B.andNorthernIreland.

Thehouseconsistsofsixrooms.

becomposedof----

Wateriscomposedofoxygenandhydrogen.

constitutev.----由部分构成整体

Thecommitteeconsistsof10members.=Tenmembersconstitutethecommittee.

◆sheetn.被单

◆effectiveadj.有明显效果的，有作用的

Thecostumeisquiteeffective.

Hiswordswaseffective.

influential:

有潜移默化影响力的

Whatourparentsdoisinfluentialtochildren.

efficacious:

（医药）有效的，灵验的

 Thedrugisefficacious.

fruitful:

有成效的

Theirexperimentisfruitful.

◆comfortableadj.舒适的

反义词：

uncomfortable

comfortn.舒适adj.安慰

discomfortn.不舒适

Inspiteofdiscomfortsheisdeterminedtostayhere.

◆streroomn.储藏室

◆electricityn.电

◆metren.电表

◆pacen.一步

◆flee （fled,fled）v.逃走

flee:

（vt.）（vi.）（总称）泛泛强调逃离危险的境地

Eg:

Thepeoplefledinpanicwhenthebullgotloose.

escape:

逃出监狱，逃出牢笼

      vt.逃掉，逃出

Eg:

Hewasabletoescapefromthehouse.

Iamsorryyournameescapedme.很抱歉，我忘记你的名字了。

Theytriedtoescapedeath.

◆slamv.砰地关上

slamthedoor.

同义词：

bang

三、【课文精析】

too…to…太…而不能

不定式to,在大部分情况下，表示否定概念。

not/nevertoo…to…：

并不太…所以能够

Oneisnevertoooldtolearn.活到老，学到老

Thequestionisnottoodifficultformetoanswer.

如果在副词too前发现修饰语all,butonly,不定式to的概念也是肯定的

Eg:

Theyarealltoosatisfiedtoworkwithyou.他们都非常满意很想和你一起工作

   Iamonlytoogladtohavesomeonetospeakto.我太高兴了，很想找个人说话

   Hewasbuttooeagertogethome.他太急于要回家了。

intendedto=meanto:

有什么打算，意图

dressupas:

化妆成为

thenightbefore:

前一个晚上（以过去的某一个时间为基准点）

lastnight:

昨天晚上（以现在为基准点）

Thenightbeforeshegoteverythinbgready.

Shewasimpatient（eager,anxious）totryiton.

beimpatienttodosth:

急于要做某事，迫不及待

=eager,anxious,hungry,thirsty,despereat,can’twait（口）

更焦急的情况用desperate（bedesperatetodosth）,口语中用can't

wait.（can'twaittodosth）

tryon:

试穿

Afterputtingiton:

穿上以后

动词不定式towear,用来修饰说明comfortable, 作它的状语

 Thebookisdifficulttoread.

 Thedressiseasytowash.

 Yourhandwritingiseasytorecognize.

itwouldbecomfortable（forher）towear.

Itiseasyformetoread

主动形式————表达被动概念

Themusicissweettohear.

Themachineneedsrepairing

“需要……”被动概念，用need,want和动名词形式直接搭配

Eg:

Thedictionaryisworthbuying.

Thebookisworthreading.

Thehouseisunderconstruction

Thepumaisundercontrol.

Theproblemisunderdiscussion.

Thethiefisunderarrest.

介词under可以表达被动的意味

Eg:

Theairportcameintouseagain.

cameintouse:

不及物动词短语

Ourtimehasalreadygonetowaste.（浪费掉，付诸东流）

Sheisarespectableperson.（被尊敬的人）

-able形容词后缀，跟在动词后表达“能够被…的“

Thisisareturmablebottle.

“由…所组成”：

consistof,comprise本身表达被动概念，结构形式为主动。

therewasaknockonthefrontdoor:

人有敲门

comein:

进来

straight:

直接地，径直地

ifever---ever用语条件句，表示任何时候，任何场合==whenever

Eg:

IfeveryouseeGeorgegivehimmybestregards.

   WheneverheisintroubleI'llbeonthespot.

Notwanting----分词的否定结构形式，做原因状语。

多用于句首，也可插入句中，主谓之间。

Eg:

Notwantingtomakehernervous,thedoctordidn’tfullyexplaintheseriousnessofhercondition.

  =Thedoctor,notwantingtomakehernervous,didn’tfullyexplaintheseriousnessofhercondition.

readthemetre:

查电表

saying---现在分词做伴随状语

letoutacry大叫了一声===utter/giveacry.

letout发出==give

shout  高呼，高喊，有目的的

shouttosb对某人高声喊

shoutatsb 对某人大喊大叫

Lesson14  Anoblegangster贵族歹徒

一、【Text】课文

TherewasatimewhentheownersofshopandbusinessesinChicagohadtopaylargesumsofmoneytogangstersinreturnfor'protection'.Ifthemoneywasnotpaidpromptly,thegangsterswouldquicklyputamanoutofbusinessbydestroyinghisshop.Obtaining'protechonmoney'isnotamoderncrime.Aslongagoasthefourteenthcentury,anEnglishman,SirJohnHawkwood,madetheremarkablediscoverythatpeoplewouldratherpaylargesumsofmoneythanhavetheirlifeworkdestroyedbygangsters.

Sixhundredyearsago,SirJohnHawkwoodarrivedinItalywithabandofsoldiersandsettlednearFlorence.HesoonmadeanameforhimselfandcametobeknowntotheItaliansasGiovanniAcuto.WhenevertheItaliancity-stateswereatwarwitheachother,Hawkwoodusedtohirehissoldierstoprinceswhowerewillingtopaythehighpricehedemanded.Intimesofpeace,whenbusinesswasbad,Hawkwoodandhismenwouldmarchintoacity-stateand,afterburningdownafewfarms,wouldoffertogoawayifprotectionmoneywaspaidtothem.Hawkwoodmadelargesumsofmoneyinthisway.Inspiteofthis,theItaliansregardedhimasasortofhero.Whenhediedattheageofeighty,theFlorentinesgavehimastatefuneralandhadapicturepaintedwhichwasdedicatedtothememoryof'themostvaliantsoldierandmostnotableleader,SignorGiovanniHaukodue'.

二、【Newwordsandexpressions】生词和短语

◆gangster     n.歹徒，强盗

◆Chicago   n.芝加哥（美国城市）

◆protection n.保护

◆promptly  adv.准时地

◆destroy     v.毁掉；消灭

◆remarkable      adj.不寻常的

◆band n.帮，团伙

◆Florence   n.佛罗伦萨（意大利城市）

◆city-state  n.（古代）城邦

◆hire  v.租出，雇给

◆prince      n.君主，诸侯

◆Florentinen.佛罗伦萨人

◆funeral     n.葬礼

◆dedicate   v.奉献，题献给

◆memory   n.纪念

◆valiant     adj.英勇的

★gangstern.歹徒，强盗

abandofgangsters一伙强盗

robber    抢劫犯，抢劫者；

bandit    强盗,土匪

brigand （书面用语）强盗，土匪，盗贼，草寇

hooligan 流氓，不良分子

hoodlum （口语）罪犯，恶汉

rascal     （口语）淘气，捣蛋鬼

★Chicagon.芝加哥（美国城市）

★protectionn.保护

protectionmoney保护费

protectv.protectfrom

Wemustprotectoureyesfromthesunshine.

protectiveadj.保护的

protectorn.保护者

protegen.被保护者

★promptlyadv.准时地

Igivehimaringandhecallmebackpromptly.

Hewassosleepythathewenttosleeppromptly.

ontime准时/intime及时

punctually adv.守时地

★destroyv.毁掉；消灭

destroy 强调毁灭，消灭，完全的摧毁

Eg:

Theearthquakedestroyedthecity./Youdestroyedhisdream.

damage  强受损程度不很严重，可以被修复

break  强调弄坏，弄断

Twoofthestringswerebroken.

spoil  强调把事情搅和了

Eg:

spoiltheparty./spoiltheholiday

★remarkableadj.不寻常的

remarkableadj.:

unusual;uncomon;extraordinary

aremarkableevent不同寻常的事件

anextraordinaryevent

outstandingadj.突出的，杰出的，卓越的

Eg:

Ourheadmasterisanoutstandingyouth.

distinguishedadj.杰出的，卓越的，不同非凡的

eminentadj.显赫的，杰出的，有名的，优良的

Eg:

adistinguishedphysicist;aneminentsurgeon;aneminentjudge;adistinguishedlawyer

以上都可以用来修饰那些在严肃领域的人，比如科学，医学等等

well-knowadj.强调众所周知的

famousadj.  因卓越的贡献和成绩而流芳百世的

Eg:

Sheiswell-knowninthemusicalworld./Thisiswell-knownfact.

   Heisafamousmoviestar./Luxunisfamousforhisarticles.

notoriousadj.臭名昭著的，臭名远扬的；befamousforbadthings

infarmousadj.声名狼藉的（语气较弱）

rnowned  adj.某人或某事以其独特的品质、个性而闻名

Eg:

Hangzhouisrenownedforitsbeautiful...

★bandn.帮，团伙

abandofrobbers一伙强盗

mobn.表示贬义色彩的团伙、帮派

 amobofhooligans一伙流氓

gangn.一伙 agangofthieves

nestn.窝；anestofbandits

packn.团伙、帮派；apackofhoodlums

★Florencen.佛罗伦萨（意大利城市）

★city-staten.（古代）城邦

★hirev.租出，雇给

hire;rent;let;employ

hireout;rentout租给

Eg:

Doesthisfirmhireoutcars?

这家公司出租汽车吗？

rentout租给，雇给：

主要强调出租房屋

Eg:

Herentouthishousetoatourist.

let出租房屋:

lethishouse/pleaseletyourhousetome。

hirefrom/rentfrom租进来

Eg:

Hehiredacarfromus./IrentaroomformMrs.Johnson.

hire指短期雇佣体力劳动者

employ指长期雇佣或聘请脑力劳动者

Weemployedherasouradvisor.

Thefactoryemployed500workers.

Hehiredtwohelpers.他雇佣了两个临时帮手。

★princen.君主，诸侯

★Florentinen.佛罗伦萨人

★funeraln.葬礼

★dedicatev.奉献，题献给

dedicateto奉献给……比devote更为正式而庄重

Eg:

Hededicatedhisfirstbooktohismother.

Idevotemytimetohelpingmystudents.

Hededicateshislifetohismotherland.

Hededicatedhislifetoscience.

putsbofbusiness使某人失业

putsb/sthoutof……使某人失去……

Eg:

Youareputtingmeoutofpatience.

putitoutofyourmind忘记这件事情吧!

=forgetit.

★valiantadj.英勇的

braveadj.勇敢的

Theboyisbrave.

Duringwar,soldiersarevaliant.

fearlessadj.大无畏的，无所畏惧的

Wearefearlessintimeo