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英语写作指南备课笔记2文档
festival〖1〗
农历:
1月1日春节theSpringFestival
除夕theNewYear'sEve
1月15元宵节theLanternFestival(atraditionalChinesefestival,whichiscelebratedbytheChineseinmanycountries.OntheChineselunarcalendar,itisonthefifteenthdayofthefirstmonth,makingitthefirstmajorfestivalaftertheChineseNewYear)
observe
3月4日清明节thePureBrightnessFestival;QingmingFestival(atraditionalChinesefestival,occurringonApril4(leapyears)orApril5(otheryears)oftheGregoriancalendar.Itmarksthemiddleofspringandaboveall,asacreddayofthedead)
TheTomb-SweepingDay
ThePilgrimagetotheWest
5月5日端午节.theDragonBoatFestival(fallingonthefifthdayofthefifthlunarmonth)
8月15中秋节theMoonFestivalortheMid-AutumnFestival(onthe15thdayofthe8thlunarmonth)
9月9日重阳节theDoubleNinthFestival
12月8日腊八节theLabaRicePorridgeFestival
3月8日:
国际劳动妇女节theInternationalWorkingWomen'sDay
3月12日:
中国植树节ArborDay
arbor.(由藤蔓爬缘或树枝交织而成的)凉亭,棚架[C]树木,乔木[C]pavilionpagoda
Ashadyrestingplaceinagardenorpark,oftenmadeolatticework(格子或格状结构)onwhichplants,suchasclimbingshrubsorvines,aregrown.
凉亭,藤架:
花园或公园中的荫凉休息场所,常以粗面石工或格架制成,其上生长着植物,如攀缘灌木或爬藤
4月1日:
国际愚人节AprilFools'Day(April1,celebratedinvariouscountries,includingtheUnitedStatesandGreatBritain,andmarkedbytheplayingofpracticaljokes)
5月1日:
国际劳动节(1889)theInternationalLaborDay;MayDay
5月4日:
中国青年节(1939)theYouthDay
5月第二个星期日:
母亲节Mother'sDay(thesecondSundayinMay,observedintheUnitedStatesasadayhonoringmothers)
5月31日:
世界无烟日World'sNoTobaccoDay(ItiscelebratedaroundtheworldeveryyearonMay31.TheMemberStatesoftheWorldHealthOrganizationcreatedWorldNoTobaccoDayin1987todrawglobalattentiontothetobaccoepidemicandthepreventabledeathanddiseaseitcauses)
6月1日:
国际儿童节theInternationalChildren'sDay
6月5日:
世界环境日theWorldEnvironmentDay(June5th)
6月第三个星期日:
父亲节Father'sDay(thethirdSundayinJune,observedintheUnitedStatesinhonoroffathers)
建军节TheArmyDay(Aug.1)
教师节theTeachers'Day(Sept.10th)
10月1日:
国庆节theNationalDay
10月10日:
辛亥革命纪念日theAnniversaryoftheRevolutionof1911(theChinesebourgeoisdemocraticrevolutionledbyDr.SunYat-senwhichoverthrewtheQingDynasty)
12月13日:
南京大屠杀纪念日theAnniversaryoftheNanjingMassacre;theRapeofNanking(InDecember1937,NanjingfelltotheJapaneseImperialArmy.TheJapanesearmylaunchedamassacreforsixweeks.AccordingtotherecordsofseveralwelfareorganizationswhichburiedthedeadbodiesaftertheMassacre,aroundthreehundredthousandpeople,mostlyciviliansandPOWs,werebrutallyslaughtered.)
12月20日:
澳门回归纪念日theAnniversaryofMacao'sReturntotheMotherland(onDecember20,1999)
节气表(solarterms)
立春:
2月4日thefirst"solarterm"ofthelunarcalendarmeaning"beginningspring"butis45daysbeforethespringequinox
雨水:
2月19日rainwater
惊蛰:
3月5日.theWakingofInsects(3rdsolarterm)
春分:
3月21日.[Astronomy]theSpringEquinox
清明:
4月5日.(the5thofthe24solarterms)PureBrightness;ClearandBright
谷雨:
4月20日GrainRain(6thsolarterm)
立夏:
5月5日.the7th"solarterm"ofthelunarcalendarmeaning"beginningsummer"butis45daysbeforethesummersolstice(夏至)
小满:
5月21日LesserFullness;GrainFull(8thsolarterm)
芒种:
6月6日GraininEar
夏至:
6月21日thesummersolstice
Solstice:
Eitheroftwotimesoftheyearwhenthesunisatitsgreatestdistancefromthecelestialequator.ThesummersolsticeintheNorthernHemisphereoccursaboutJune21,whenthesunisinthezenithatthetropicofCancer;thewintersolsticeoccursaboutDecember21,whenthesunisoverthetropicofCapricorn.Thesummersolsticeisthelongestdayoftheyearandthewintersolsticeistheshortest.
【天文学】至:
一年中太阳离天球赤道距离最远的两次中的任何一次。
北半球的夏至大约发生在6月21日,此时太阳位北回归线的最北端;冬至大约发生在12月21日,此时太阳位于南回归线之上。
夏至日是一年中白天最长的一天,而冬至日则为最短的一天
小暑:
7月7日SlightHeat(11thsolarterm)
大暑:
7月23日.GreatHeat(12thsolarterm)
立秋:
8月8日the13th"solarterm"ofthelunarcalendarmeaning"beginningautumn"butis45daysbeforetheautumnequinox(秋分)
处暑:
8月23日[Astronomy]theLimitofHeat;theStoppingofHeat(14thsolarterm)
白露:
9月8日WhiteDew(15thsolarterm),nameofseasoninoldcalendar,aroundSept.8
秋分:
9月23日theAutumnalEquinox
Equinox:
Eitherofthetwotimesduringayearwhenthesuncrossesthecelestialequatorandwhenthelengthofdayandnightareapproximatelyequal;thevernalequinoxortheautumnalequinox.
二分时刻:
一天中太阳通过天赤道的两个时刻中的任一时刻,此时昼夜长短几乎相等;春分或秋分
寒露:
10月8日ColdDew(17thsolarterm)
霜降:
10月23日Frost'sDescent;FirstFrost;(18thsolarterm)
立冬:
11月7日the19th"solarterm"ofthelunarcalendarmeaning"beginningwinter"butis45daysbeforethewintersolstice
小雪:
11月22日lightsnow
大雪:
12月7日heavysnow
冬至:
12月22日thewintersolstice
小寒:
2011年1月5日SlightCold(23rdsolarterm)
大寒:
2011年1月20日GreatCold(24thsolarterm)
ThemajorfestivalsandpublicholidaysinBritainarethefollowing:
1.NewYear’sDayonJanuary12.Valentine’sDayonFebruary143.1StDavid’sDay(WalesNationalDay)onMarch14.EasterinMarchorApril5.AprilFool’sDayonApril16.StGeorge’sDay(England’sNationalDay)onApril237.MayDayonMay1st9.NottingHillCarnivalinAugust10.HarvestFestivalinSeptember11.HalloweenonOctober3112.BonfireNightonNovember513.RemembranceDayonNovember1114.StAndrew’sDay(Scotland’sNationalDay)onNovember3015.ChristmasonDecember2516.BoxingDayonDecember26th
ThemajorfestivalsandpublicholidaysintheUSAarethefollowing:
●NewYear’sDay(Jan.1)
●MartinLutherKing,Jr.’sBirthday(thirdMon.,Jan.)
●Lincoln’sBirthday(Feb.12)
●St.Valentine’sDay(Feb.14,)
●Washington’sBirthdayorPresidents’Day(thirdMon.,Feb.)
●AprilFool’sDay(April1)
●Easter
●MayDay(May1)
●Mother’sDay(secondSun.,May)
●MemorialDay(lastMon.,May)阵亡战士纪念日
●Pentecost(Whitsunday)(May31)圣灵降临节
●Father’sDay(thirdSun.,June)
●IndependenceDay(July4)
●Halloween(Oct.31)万圣节前夕
●AllSaints’Day(Nov.1)万圣节Hallowmas
●VeteransDay(Nov.11)退伍军人节
●Thanksgiving(Thurs.,Nov.)
●Christmas(Dec.25)
lanterns〖2〗
lantern;lamp;light;torch;flashlight;searchlight;bulb
lantern[C]灯笼;提灯theLanternFestival元宵节
lamp[C]灯,油灯lampsfixedonlampposts.固定在街灯柱上的灯
light1.[U]光;光线;2.[C]灯
交通灯trafficlight红绿灯=stoplighttrafficsignal交通信号灯neonlight霓虹灯colouredlight彩灯toreadbythelightofacandle在蜡烛光下读书Turnoffthelightswhenyouleave.离开时把灯熄掉。
flashlight闪光灯;手电筒
torch[C]火炬,火把;手电筒;(焊接用的)喷灯ThetorchwaslightedbyachampionoflastOlympicGames.火炬由上届奥运会冠军点亮了。
torchrelay火炬接力
searchlight[C]探照灯Searchlightareinstalledonthewallsoftheprison.监狱的墙上安装了探照灯
bulb[C]电灯泡Thebulbhasburnedout.灯泡烧坏了。
deities〖3〗
deity:
Agodorgoddess.神,女神
ghost;spirit;devil;demon;angel;Satan;elf;fairy;sprite;fiend;goblin
ghost人死后的鬼魂
spirit幽灵,妖精;天使或魔鬼
devil恶魔
demon恶魔
angel天使
Satan:
撒旦,魔鬼=theDevil.
elf小精灵,矮人,淘气鬼,恶作剧的人
fairy仙女,精灵
sprite小妖精,调皮鬼
fiend恶魔
goblin顽皮丑陋的小鬼,(爱搞恶作剧或调皮)
dinner〖4〗
n.(名词)
1.Thechiefmealoftheday,eatenintheeveningoratmidday.
正餐:
在中午吃或晚上吃的一天正餐
2.Abanquetorformalmealinhonorofapersonoranevent.
宴会:
为了某人或某事而举行的一次正式宴会或大宴会
Wegaveadinnerinhonorofourguests.
我们设宴款待客人。
meal
[C]
1.膳食;一餐:
Thefoodservedandeateninonesitting.
Ihadasolidmeal.
我饱餐了一顿。
2.进餐;进餐时间Acustomarytimeoroccasionofeatingfood.
Pleasedon'teatbetweenmeals.
在两顿饭之间请不要进食。
banquet:
Anelaborate,sumptuousrepast.
(通常指正式的)宴会;酒席
give[hold]abanquet
举行宴会
astatebanquet
国宴
repast.
Amealorthefoodeatenorprovidedatameal.
1.【书】餐,饮食;宴[C]
Breakfastatourhouseisalightrepast.
我们家的早餐是很清淡的。
2.【书】就餐;就餐时间[U]v.re.past.ed,re.past.ing,re.pasts
v.intr.Toeatorfeast.
进食;就餐
Feast:
Alarge,elaboratelypreparedmeal,usuallyformanypersonsandoftenaccompaniedbyentertainment;abanquet.
宴会:
精心准备的大筵席,通常有很多人参加,并有娱乐活动;酒席
lawn〖5〗
grass草,草地grassland草地,草原meadow草地,牧场lawn草坪,草地mow(用镰刀等)刈(草等)haystack,mow草堆prairie广阔而无树木的大草原,北美洲中部的大平原savanna热带大草原pasture牧场straw稻草,麦杆hay(做饲料用的)干草
fruits〖6〗
lemon柠檬pear梨子banana香蕉grape葡萄peach桃子orange橙strawberry草莓mango芒果pineapple菠萝Hamimelon哈蜜瓜cherry樱桃date枣子lychee荔枝fig无花果watermelon西瓜muskmelon香瓜juicypeach水蜜桃pear梨子peach桃子strawberry草莓pomegranate石榴persimmon柿子plum李子loquat枇杷durian榴梿olive橄榄
coconut椰子
crops,〖7〗
grain谷物rye黑麦barley大麦oats燕麦millet粟,小米sorghum高粱;wheat小麦maize(美corn)玉米maizecob玉米棒子buckwheat荞麦sweetpotato甘薯,地瓜tobacco烟草sesame芝麻
vegetables,〖8〗
vegetables
stringbean[C]青豆
kidneybean菜豆,四季豆,云豆
pea[C]豌豆
greensoybean毛豆
soybeansprout黄豆芽
mungbeansprout绿豆芽
beansprout豆芽
cabbage[C][U]包心菜;大白菜
花椰菜acauliflower
青椒greenpepper
waterspinach;watercelery空心菜
lilyflower金针菜
mustardleaf芥菜
celery芹菜【复数】cel.er.ies
beet.[C][U]甜菜
lettuce莴苣[C][U
iceberglettuce生菜
spinach菠菜
leek韭菜
caraway香菜cilantro
preservedszechuanpickle榨菜
asparagus芦笋,龙须菜,石
bambooshoot竹笋
chives韭黄
aradish萝卜turnip
carrot胡萝卜
waterchestnut荸荠
.asweetpotato地瓜
longcrookedsquash菜瓜
loofah丝瓜
squash南瓜pumpkin
abalsampear苦瓜
balsam香膏[U][C]
cucumber黄瓜
whitegourd冬瓜
yam山药
taro芋头
champignon香菇
buttonmushroom草菇
needlemushroom金针菇
蘑菇mushrooms
香菇savorymushroom
savory风味极佳的,可口的,味美的
driedmushroom冬菇
tomato番茄
茄子aneggplant;anaubergine
potato,马铃薯
lotusroot莲藕
agaric木耳treemushroomoredibletreefungus
fungus菌类植物[C]
ginger[U]生姜
garlic大蒜
garlicbulb蒜头
greenonion葱
onion洋葱
fruits
pineapple凤梨;菠萝
watermelon西瓜
papaya木瓜[dQtdF`Q]
betelnut槟榔
chestnut栗子
coconut椰子
tangerine橘子amandarinorange
sugar-cane甘蔗
muskmelon香瓜
juicypeach水蜜桃
pear梨子
peach桃子
starfruit杨桃
cherry樱桃
persimmon柿子
apple苹果
mango芒果
fig无花果
菱角awaterchestnut;
almond杏仁
杏anapricot
plum李子
honey-dewmelon哈密瓜Hamime