浙江省杭州市中考英语一轮复习课时训练03Units14七下课件0312319.docx
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浙江省杭州市中考英语一轮复习课时训练03Units14七下课件0312319
课时训练（三） Units1-4（七下）
（限时:
30分钟）
Ⅰ.[2018·连云港]阅读理解
Batsaretheonlymammalsthatcanflyagreatdistance,bu
ttheyhaveanotherability.Manybatsliveaverylongtimeforananimaltheirsize.
Europeanresearchersarestudyingbatstounderstandwhytheylivesolong.Theyhopetomakediscoveriestofighttheagingprocess（过程）inhumanbeings.
Lastweek,thegroupofscientistssaidtheyhadfoundimportantbiologicalqualitiesinsomebatspecies.Thegroupstudiedbatchromosomes（染色体）,alineofgenesfoundinthenucleus（核）ofcells.Thescientistsweremostinterestedinpartsconnectedtotheendsofthechromosomes.Theyarecalledtelomeres（端粒）.Telomeresprotecttheendsofchromosomes,whichshorteneachtimeacelldivides.Scientistsbelievethisshorteningprocesscausescellstobreakdown. .
AreportonbatswaspublishedthismonthinthejournalScienceAdvances.
AmongtheleadersofthestudywasEmmaTeeling,abiologistwithUniversityCollegeDublininIreland.Teelingsaidstudyinglong-livingmammalsthathavedevelopedwaystofightaging“isanotherwaytoprovethemolecular（分子）basisofextended‘healthlength.’”Sheaddedthatstudyingbatsmadescientistsabletolearnmoreabouttheprocesses“thatdrivehealthyaging.”
TheEuropeanresearchersstudied493batsfromfourbatspecies.Thegroupusedinformationthathadbeengatheredovermorethan60years.Oftheseanimals,thegreatermouse-earedbatgenerallylivedthelongest,anaverageof37years.
Thescientistssaidthis
andarelatedspecies,whicharegroupedtogetherunderthenameMyotis,hadt
elomeresthatdidnotshortenwithage.AnotherMyotisbatholdstherecordforoldestage,reaching41years.
Thescientists’find
ingssuggestthatthesebats’cellshavetheabilitytokeepandrepairtheirtelomeres.This,theysaid,helpsguardagainsttheagingprocess.Basedonitsbodysize,abatlikethegreatermouse-earedbatwouldbeexpectedtolivefouryears.But,thesemammalshavebeenfoundtolivenearly10timeslongerthanthat.
ThescientistsfoundthatEighteenofthesearebats.TheonlyexceptionisanunusualAfricanrodent,thenakedmolerat.
1.WhichsentencecanbeputattheendofParagraph3?
A.Thismakesscientistsabletostudybats.
B.That’swhybatscanflyagreatdistance.
C.Theysaythisiswhatcausesaging.
D.Theydiscoverthecellsconnectedtohumans.
2.Whydosomespeciesofbatsliveaverylongtime?
A.Becausetheyhavealineoflong-livinggenesoutofthecells.
B.Becausetheircellshavetheabilitytokeepandrepairtheirtelomeres.
C.Becausetheyhaveanotherabilitytolivelongerwithoutanyfoodorwater.
D.Becausetelomeresprotecttheendsofchromosomestostopcellsdividing.
3.Theunderlinedword“that”refersto .
A.fouryearsB.bodysize
C.theagingprocessD.theabilitytorepair
4.What’sthebesttitleofthepassage?
A.DifferencesBetweenLong-livingAnimals
B.AScienceReportonChromosomes
C.DoBatsHoldtheSecrettoLongLife?
D.AreHumansandBatsSimilarinProtectingThemselves?
Ⅱ.[2017·绍兴]完形填空
AsanewteacheratDoullPrimarySchoolinDenver,KyleSchwartzthoughtofasimplewaytogettoknowherthirdgraders,mostofwhomcamefrom 5 families.Sheaskedthemtocompletethe 6 “Iwishmyteacherknew…”andsharesomethingaboutthemselves.
Their 7 answersgavetheteacherachancetounderstandherstudents’difficulties.“IwishmyteacherknewIhave
nopencilstodomyhomework,” 8 onechild.“Iwishmyteacherknewsometimesmyreadinghomeworkisnotsigned（签名）,becausemymomisnot 9 alot,”wr
oteanother.Somesharedhopeforthe 10 ,“IwishmyteacherknewthatIwanttogotocollege.”
“Somenotesarereallyheartbreaking,”SchwartztellsABCNews.“Icare 11 abouteachofmystudentsandIdon’twantthemtobepoorforever,”sheexplains.“Ihopedtoknow 12 Icouldbettersupportthem.SoI 13 toletthemtellmewhatIneededtoknow.ThatwaswhyIcreatedthefill-in-the-blankexercise.”
14 thethirdgraderswereallowedtoansweranonymously（匿名地）,mostwantedtoincludenames.Andsomewereevenexcitedtoreadtheirnotesoutloud, 15 oneshygirlwhobravelysaidthatshewaslonely.“Aftershetoldtheclass,‘Idon’thavefriendsto 16 me,’Iwasworriedwhattheywoulddo,”SchwartztellsUsWeekly.“However,Ifeltencouragedtoseehowmuchsupporttheotherkidsoffered 17 .Theyinvitedhertoplayatbreakandsitwiththematlunch.Yousee, 18 haveanunusualabilitytoexpressempathy（同情）.”
“Theresultshavebeen 19 ,”saysSchwartz.“Itspeakstotheimportanceofgivingpeopleavoiceandreallylisteningtothem.”
5.A.traditionalB.friendlyC.poorD.small
6.A.postcardB.noteC.letterD.diary
7.A.honestB.politeC.usualD.right
8.A.suggestedB.copiedC.repeatedD.wrote
9.A.freeB.care
lessC.famousD.angry
10.A.societyB.courseC.researchD.future
11.A.secretlyB.deeplyC.nervouslyD.directly
12.A.whereB.whyC.howD.when
13.A.decidedB.refusedC.forgotD.learned
14.A.UnlessB.ThoughC.BecauseD.Once
15.A.likeB.fromC.againstD.except
16.A.lookforB.talkaboutC.dependonD.playwith
17.A.himB.youC.herD.me
18.A.childrenB.teachersC.parentsD.reporters
19.A.boringB.surprisingC.worryingD.relaxing
Ⅲ.[2018·盐城改编]语法填空
阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
Over2,000yearsago,inChina,therelivedaboycalledConfucius.Whenhewasonlythree,hisfather20. （die）.Hismotherwasverypoor.Inthosedayspeoplehadtopaytogotoschoolandhismotherdidnothaveenoughmoney21. （send）him.
AsConfuciusgrewuphewantedtolearnthings.Sohedecidedtoteach22. （him）.Unfortunately,hewasastrange-lookingboy.Theotherchildrenpointedandmadefunofhim.Theycalledhimnamesandlaughed23. him.Confuciusgotveryupset,buthewasakind,gentleboyanddidnotfightback.
Confuciusdidnotplaywithotherchildren.Hewentofftotalktoholymen（圣人）inthetempleandlearnedfromthem.Hetalkedtoartistsand24. （musician）andlearnedfromthem.Ifhetriedtodosomethingdifficult,hekepttryingoverandoveragain25. helearnedhowtodoit.Inthiswaytheboytaughthimselftoreadandwriteandlearnedlotsofinterestingthings.Confuciusgrewuptobeaverycleverman.
Whenhewasaman,Confuciusbecametherulerof26. cityofChangtu.Peoplewereveryhappy.Whenhewastheir27. （lead）.Heusedhisabilitiesandskills28. awiseway.
Peoplesometimescallhimthe29. （great）manwhoeverlived.Westillremembermanyofhissayingstoday.
Ⅳ.单词拼写
根据下列句子及所给的首字母,写出各单词的正确、完全形式。
（每空限填一词）
30.Disneylandisenjoyedbymillionsofp aroundtheworld.
31.Therearenearlyfourh studentsinourschool.
32.IfyouwanttobecomeagoodMarathonathlete,youmustp runningeveryday.
33.Thebesttimetobrushyourteethisthreem aftermeals.
34.Ilovetakingnaps.Beingabletor inthemiddleofthedayisgreat!
35.MissYangisourEnglishteacher.Sheteachesu Englishverywell.
36.Don’tforgettoturnoffthelightswhenyoul theclassroom.
37.Healwaysasksustof t
herules.Hesaystheyareimportantforeveryone.
38.Tom,don’tf withyourclassmates.Youshouldbefriendlytothem.
39.NowyouknowMr.Yangisfriendlytous,butheisalsos withus.
Ⅴ.书面表达
假如你是Linda,请你对你的笔友Alice发来的e-mail进行回复,词数80左右。
To:
Linda
From:
Alice
DearLinda,
I’mafraidI’vegotabigproblemrecently.Mymothertalkstoomuchtome.Shealwaystellsme,“Becarefulwhilecrossingthestreet.”“Putonmoreclothes.”“Didyoudoagoodjobatschool?
”an
dsoon.I’mannoyed（烦恼的）.WhatshallIdo?
Yours,
Alice
To:
Alice
From:
Linda
DearAlice,
Yours,
Linda
参考答案
Ⅰ.[主旨大意]本文是一篇科普说明文。
文章讲述了欧洲科学家研究了作为哺乳动物的蝙蝠寿命长的原因。
同时列举了几种不同蝙蝠寿命长的原因。
1.C 推理判断题。
根据短文内容“Scientistsbelievethisshorteningprocesscausescellstobreakdown.”可知,这个缩短的流程会引起细胞破损,会对寿命造成影响。
故选C。
2.B 细节理解题。
根据倒数第二段中“Thescientists’findingssuggestthatthesebats’cellshavetheabilitytokeepandrepairtheirtelomeres.”可知,这些蝙蝠长寿的原因是因为它们的细胞能保持和修复它们的端粒。
故选B。
3.A 代词指代题。
根据倒数第二段中“Basedonitsbodysize,abatlikethegreatermouse-earedbatwouldbeexpectedtolivefouryears.”可知,此处that指fouryears。
故选A。
4.C 标题归纳题。
本文主要讲述的是科学家研究蝙蝠长寿的原因,C项符合文章主题。
故选C。
Ⅱ.[主旨大意]本文是一篇记叙文,文章主要讲述了一位名叫KyleSchwartz的老师采取措施教育学生的故事。
KyleSchwartz为了更好地掌握学生的情况,让学生写出自己想让老师知道的事情,结果导致班风出奇的好,这让她非常惊喜。
由此告诉我们:
认真聆听别人的心声,才能更好地了解他人。
5.C 考查形容词辨析。
根据第三段中的“…Idon’twantthemtobepoorforever…”可知,KyleSchwartz所教的班级里的大部分学生都来自贫困家庭。
故选C。
6.B 考查名词辨析。
根据第三段第一句中的“Somenotesarereallyheartbreaking…”可知,KyleSchwartz让每名学生写一张便条。
故选B。
7.A 考查形容词辨析。
根据本句中的“…gavetheteacherachancetounderstandherstudents’difficulties.”可知,学生们都实事求是地写出了他们各自的心声,即他们的回答很诚实。
honest意为“诚实的”,符合语境。
故选A。
8.D 考查动词辨析。
根据下句中的“wroteanother”可推知,“IwishmyteacherknewIhavenopencilstodomyhomework”是其中一个孩子在便条上写的内容。
故选D。
9.A 考查形容词辨析。
根据本句中的“…sometimesmyreadinghomeworkisnotsigned”可推知,有时候妈妈之所以没有在阅读作业上面签名,是因为她没有空。
故选A。
10.D 考查名词辨析。
根据下句“IwishmyteacherknewthatIwanttogotocollege.”可知,上大学是将来的
事情,所以此处是在谈论“对未来的希望”。
故选D。
11.B 考查副词词义辨析。
根据本句中的“Idon’twantthemtobepoorforever…”及下句“Ihopedtoknow…Icouldbettersupportthem.”可推知,KyleSchwartz不想让孩子们永远贫穷,所以她深深地关心着每一个孩子。
故选B。
12.C 考查特殊疑问词辨析。
句意:
我想知道自己怎样才能更好地支持他们。
how意为“如何”。
故选C。
13.A 考查动词辨析。
根据上句“Ihopedtoknow…Icouldbettersupportthem.”可推知,KyleSchwartz正在寻找帮助并支持孩子们日后发展的方法,所以她决定让孩子
们对她说出他们的种种困难。
decidetodosth.意为“决定做某事”。
故选A。
14.B 考查连词辨析。
“wereallowedtoansweranonymously”与“mostwantedtoincludenames”之间构成了逻辑上的转折关系,所以本句应是让步状语从句。
though意为“虽然;尽管”,引导让步状语从句。
故选B。
15.A 考查介词辨析。
分析句子结构可知,“oneshygirlwhobra
velysaidthatshewaslonely”在此是具体的例子,指这位腼腆的女孩是众多情绪激动的孩子中的一员。
like意为“像”,符合语境。
故选A。
16.D 考查动词短语辨析。
根据上句中的“shewaslonely”及下文中的“Theyinvitedhertoplay”可推知,这位腼腆的女孩平时很孤独,她没有可以一起玩的朋友。
故选D。
17.C 考查代词辨析。
根据下句“Theyinvitedhertoplayatbreakandsitwiththematlunch.”可推知,其他的孩子邀请这位腼腆的女孩和他们一起玩,说明“其他的孩子主动为她提供了许多支持”。
此处指代的是shygirl,应用her。
故选C。
18.A 考查名词辨析。
结合语境可知,孩子们乐于为他人提供帮助,他们拥有不同
寻常的表达同情的能力。
故选A。
19.B 考查形容词辨析。
根据第四段内容可知,班里的孩子开始相互提供帮助,他们学会了同情并帮助别人,这种变化出乎KyleSchwartz的意料,让她感到很惊讶。
故选B。
Ⅲ.20.died 21.tosend 22.himself 23.at 24.musicians
25.until 26.the 27.leader 28.in 29.greatest
Ⅳ.30.people 31.hundred 32.practice 33.minutes
34.relax 35.us 36.leave 37.follow 38.fight 39.strict
Ⅴ.Onepossibleversion:
DearAlice,
Asateenager,Imetthesameproblemasyou.ButnowIcangetalongwithmymother.Herearesomeideasforyou.
Yourmothertalksmu
ch,becauseshecaresaboutyou.Maybeit’snotagoodway,butitshowsyourmother’slove.SoIthinkyoushouldlistentoher.Ifyouropinionsaredifferentfromyourmother’s,youcancommunicatewithher,andtellherwhatyou’rethinkingabout.
Ifyourmotherdoesn’ttakeyouradvice,justkeepsilentandgiveherasmile.
IhopewhatIsayherecanhelpyou.
Yours,
Linda
升级会员 