高中英语语法分类分析.docx
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高中英语语法分类分析
高考英语语法分类归纳、练习与分析
一.Tensesandvoices
A.现在完成时:
1表示过去某时发生的行为对主语目前产生的影响。
即用过去发生的某个行为来说明现在的某种情况。
往往含有“已经……”,“已经……了”的意思。
Eg.Don’tthinkanymoreaboutit.Ihavedecidednottohelpyou.
Ihaveexperiencedthatbefore,soIknowhowtodealwithit.
2到目前为止已发生的。
与sofar,uptillnow,inthepast/last…….days/years,today,thismonth/year等“包括现在在内的时间状语”连用。
Mybrotherisanactor.Hehasappearedinseveralfilmssofar.
Greatchangeshavetakenplaceinthisareaintherecentyears.
3表示过去开始的动作或状态延续到现在。
与for…/since连用。
Hehasworkedinthesouthfortenyears/sincetenyearsago.
Compare（1:
完成进行时表示过去开始的动作一直在进行,直至现在。
Hehasbeenworkingonthisprojectsincelastmonth.
（2过去时态:
指发生在过去某段时间内的事。
Heonceworkedinthesouthfortenyears（现在不在南方
（3过去完成时态:
指发生在过去某个时间以前的动作或状态。
常与by/by
theendof..（到了……的时候”连用。
例如:
1Bythetimewegottothetheatre,theyhadsoldallthetickets.
2Howmanywordshadyouleanedbytheendoflastyear?
Practice:
1.Itisreportedthatthepresidentonce______intheVietNam’swarforthreeyearsfrom1966-1970.
A.served
B.hadserved
C.hasserved
D.wasserving
2.---NooneansweredwhenIcalledat6yesterday.
---I________torockmusicandwasabsorbedinit.
Alistened
BwaslisteningC.haslistenedD.hadlistened
3.Iwasn’tpayingattentiontowhathewastalkingabout,soIamafraidI___hisspeechverywell.
A.hadnotunderstood
B.hasnotunderstood
C.didnotunderstand
D.don’tunderstand
4.I_____goodattabletennis,butIhaven’tplayeditforages.
A.am
B.was
C.hasbeen
D.usedtobe
5.I_________whereshegetshermoneyallthesedays.
A.amoftenwondering
B.oftenwondered
C.hadoftenwondered
D.haveoftenwondered
6.---Tellmewhat_______whileIwasabsent.
---AthieftriedtobreakintothehousewhenI_______inyourhouse.
A.happened/stayed
B.washappening/wasstaying
C.happened/wasstaying
D.washappening/stayed
7.---YouarealwayswatchingTV.
---OnlyonSundays.Andnobody______itbutyou.
A.knows
B.hasknown
C.knew
D.isknowing
8.Whentheoldman______towalkbacktohishouse,thesun_____
itselfbehindthemountain.
A.started;hadalreadyhidden
B.hadstarted;hadalreadyhidden
C.hadstarted;washiding
D.wasstarting;hid
9.Yearsagowedidn'tknowthis,butrecentscience______thatpeoplewhodon'tsleepwellsoongetill.A.showedB.hasshown
C.willshow
D.isshowing
10.It______forweeksbeforethefirstcoldwavestruckthearea.
A.rained
B.wasraining
C.hasrained
D.hadbeenrainingKeys:
1a2b.3c4a5过去到现在d6c7a（经常性8a9b与现在有联系10d
二、SubjunctiveMood（虚拟语气
1.Itisimportantthathe__________thecollegeentranceexamination.
A.shouldattend
B.willattend
C.mustattend
D.hadtoattend
8.Don’tcomethismorning.Iwouldratheryou________thedayaftertomorrow.
A.come
B.came
C.aretocome
D.willcome
3._________forthefreetickets,Iwouldnothavegonetothefilmsooften.
A.Ifitisnot
B.Wereitnot
C.haditnotbeen
D.Iftheywerenot
4.---DidyoumeetwiththefamousspaceheroYanLiwei?
---________Ihadcomehereearlier!
A.Butfor
B.Ifnot
C.Forfear
D.Ifonly
5.Withoutelectricityhumanlife__________quitedifficulttoday.
A.is
B.willbe
C.wouldhavebeen
D.wouldbe
（分析:
1.A虚拟语气的一种,句式Itisnecessary/strange/importantthat…shoulddo2.B3.Chaditnotbeen=ifitnothadbeen4.D.Ifonly=Iwish要是…该多好啊5.D
三、非谓语:
（todo/doing/done（ByYuan
1.Todo（tobedone/doing/done作状语的区别:
Todo（tobedone:
作目的状语,结果状语（特定句型
Doing（beingdone,havingdone/done:
作伴随、时间、原因、让步、结果状语等。
1completethetaskaheadoftime,theykeptworkingthroughoutthe
night.
2Thespybrokeintothebank,onlyfindtwopolicemenwaitingforhim
withagun.
3Hehurriedbackhome,leavepilesofworkunfinished.
4Defeattimeandagain,hestilldidn’tloseheart.
（分析:
1To/Inordertocomplete目的2onlytofind后接todo形式,表示一种未预料的结果3leaving结果4Defeated让步
2.Todo（tobedone/doing/done作定语的区别:
Todo（tobedone:
多表示未完成的动作,和某些特定句型
doing:
（beingdone:
表示正在进行和经常性的动作
done:
被动,完成的动作和经常性的动作
1Thecommandergaveanorderattacktheenemybeforedawn.
2WhowerethefirstpeoplereachAmericancontinent.
3Peopleliveinthisareafeedonrice.
4Areasstrikebyahurricaneareusuallyinamessbeforethings
returntonormal.
（分析:
1toattack未完成2toreach特定句型first/second等序数词之后3living主动经常性4struck/stricken被动、经常性
3.Todo/tobedone与tohavedone/tohavebeendone:
后者表示动作发生在主动词之前。
1Atthemomenttheyarepreparingfortheconcertholdina
fortnighttime.
2ThenovelisreportedtranslateintoGermanalready.
3Hewishedpraiseatthemeetingheldthedaybefore.
4Iamglad____________（meetyou.Ihopetoseeyousoon.
（分析:
1tobeheld2tohavebeentranslated3tohavebeenpraised4tohavemet
4.doing/beingdone/havingdone与done
doing:
主动、进行或经常性的动作、状态beingdone:
被动、进行或经常性havingdone:
主动,完成于主动词之前
done:
被动,完成的动作、或经常性的动作、状态
1Whenheat,icewillturnintowater.
2Whilewanderinthestreet,hecameacrossanoldfriendofhis.
3Themanagerspokeattheconference,___expresshissatisfactionwiththeproject.
4______wipethetable,thewaitressaskedthecoupletobeseated.
5______raisegeeseforyears,hebecameanexpertatkeepinggeese.
6Thebook_____publishlastmonthisongrammar.
7Theproject_____carryoutthesedaysistobecompletedbytheendofthisyear.
（分析:
1heated2wandering3expressing4Havingwiped5Havingraised6published7beingcarriedout
5.下列动词后只能接动名词（-ing:
suggest,finish,avoid,stop,can’thelp,mind,enjoy,require,practise,miss,escape,pardon,advise,consider,imagine,keep,appreciate,escape,permit。
Practice（ByLi&Que
1.Thepartywassuccessful,butwethoughtitapitynot__________you.
A.tohaveinvited
B.inviting
C.toinvite
D.invited
2.--IfMarydoesn’tcometoworkontime,shemaybefired.
--Surelysheisnotsofoolish___________it.
A.asnottorealize
B.notastorealize
C.thatshedidn’trealize
D.asnotrealizing
3.Thepicure________onthewallispaintedbymybrother.
A.havinghung
B.hanging
C.hangs
D.beinghung
4.Iappreciate_____________meduringthedebate.
A.ofyoursupporting
B.youtosupport
C.yoursupporting
D.toyoursupporting
5.Thenewsreportershurriedtotheairport,only___________thefilm
starshadgone.
A.tell
B.tobetold
C.telling
D.told
6.Iknowwhatkindofbossheis,soIknowwhat___________ofhim.
A.expcted
B.toexpect
C.tobeexpecting
D.expects
7.__________madeallofthemmuchdisappointed.
A.Hernotcomingback
B.hernottocomeback
C.Notherreturning
D.Notherbeingback
8.MrsSmithwarnedherdaughter________________afterdrinking.
A.nevertodrive
B.toneverdrive
C.neverdriving
D.neverdrive
9.Theboywantedtoswiminthelake,buthismothertoldhim_____________.
A.notto
B.nottodo
C.nottodoit
D.donotto
10.Iregret__________youthatweareunabletoofferyouthejob.
A.inform
B.havinginformed
C.toinform
D.informed
11.Theflowers_________sweetinthebotanicalgardenattractthe
visitorstothebeautyofnature.
A.tosmell
B.smelling
C.smelt
D.tobesmelt
12.Don’tusewords,expressions,orphrases___________onlytopeople
withspecificknowledge.
A.beingknown
B.havingbeenknown
C.tobeknown
D.known
13.Whileshopping,peoplesometimescan’thelp____________intobuying
somethingtheydon’treallyneed.
A.topursue
B.persuading
C.beingpersuaded
D.bepersuaded
14.Cleaningwomeninbigcitiesusuallyget________bythehour.
A.pay
B.paying
C.paid
D.topay
16.Anumberofnewmachineswereinstalledinthefactory,thus
__________anincreaseinproduction.
A.toresultin
B.results
C.resultingin
D.resultedin
17.Itshamesmetosayit,butItoldaliewhen__________atthemeeting
bymyboss.
A.questioning
B.havingquestioned
C.questioned
D.tobequestioned
18.__________,buthestillcouldn’tunderstandit.
A.Hehadbeentoldmanytimes
B.havingbeentoldmanytimes
C.toldmanytimes
D.Althoughhehadbeentoldmanytimes
19.___________comfortablyinherarmchair,theoldladyenjoyedlight
musicontheMP3withhereyeshalf________.
A.Seated;closed
B.Sat;closing
C.Seating;closed
D.sitting;close
20.___________madethestudent__________interestinhisstudy.
A.Beingpunished;tolose
B.Punished;lose
C.Beingpunished;lose
D.havingbeenpunished;lose
21.Whatworriedthechildmostwas___________tovisithismotherin
thehospital.
A.hisnotallowing
B.hisnotbeingallowed
C.hisbeingnotallowed
D.havingnotbeenallowed
22.Allthemanagersagreedthatthematterrequired_____________.
A.tolookinto
B.beinglookedinto
C.tobelookedinto
D.lookinginto
23.Ifeelitisyourhusbandwho____________forthespoiledchild.
A.istoblame
B.isgoingtoblame
C.istobeblamed
D.shouldblame.
24.Shehadnochoicebut___________totheend.
A.fight
B.tofight
C.fighting
D.fought
25.Withoutfacts,wecannotformaworthwhileopinion,forweneed
factualknowledge_______ourthinking.
A.whichtobebasedon
B.onwhichtobase
C.whichtobaseupon
D.towhichtobebased
（keys:
1.A2.A动词不定式的否定nottodo3.Bhang“挂”表状态时用主动4.C5.BOnlytodo表令人失望的结果6.B（expectsthofsb期待某人…eg.Don’texpecttoomachofher（不要对她期望过高7.A8.A9.A动词不定式的省略10Cregretdoing后悔做过….regrettodo对将做的事表示遗憾.
11.Bsmelling做定语12.D13.Ccan’thelpdoing/beingdone情不自禁做…14.Cgetdone=bedone16.Cdoing表结果17.C18.A注意but应连接句子19.A20Cdoing的被动beingdone做主语done不能做主语21.B22.Drequire/need/wantdoing=require/needtobedone23.A.句式sb/sthistoblame（（主动表被动24.B25.B介词+which+todo（做定语,相当于一个定语从句—whichwebaseourthinkingon
四、ModelVerbs:
情态动词（ByWangPing
一.表示许可:
有m
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