如何处理英翻汉中的省略.docx

如何处理英翻汉中的省略.docx

《如何处理英翻汉中的省略.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《如何处理英翻汉中的省略.docx（14页珍藏版）》请在冰豆网上搜索。

如何处理英翻汉中的省略

石河子大学毕业论文

题目：

　　如何处理英翻汉中的省略　　

HowtoDealwithEllipsisin

English-ChineseTranslation　　　　

院（系）：

外国语学院

专业：

英语

班级：

20095

学号：

姓名：

指导教师：

完成日期：

2013年5月6日

Contents

Abstract

Withthedevelopmentofglobalization,theworld'spolitical,economicandculturalcommunicationsarebecomingincreasinglyfrequent.Meanwhile,theroleoftranslationcannotbeignored.Duetolanguageandculturaldisparity,reasonabletranslationisparticularlyimportant.Howtodealwithellipsisintranslationisoneoftheimportantaspects.ThepaperwillexploreellipsisinEnglish-Chinesetranslationfromfiveaspects,whichareellipsisofpronouns,conjunctions,articles,prepositions,modifications,soastoachievethepurposeofsmootherandclearercommunicationamongChinaandEnglish-speakingcountries.

Keywords:

culturaldisparity;translation;ellipsis

摘要

随着全球化的不断发展，各国之间的政治、经济、文化交流日渐频繁。

其中，翻译的作用不可小觑。

由于各国语言文化的差异，合理的翻译就显得尤为重要。

如何处理翻译中的省略是其中一个重要方面。

本文将从代词、连词、冠词、介词、修饰性五个方面的省略探究英翻汉中的省略问题，从而达到中国与英语国家交流更加畅通的目的。

关键词:

文化差异；翻译；省略

I.Introduction

Withthedevelopmentofglobalization,theworld’spolitical,economicandculturalcommunicationsarebecomingincreasinglyfrequent.Therefore,theroleoftranslationcannotbeignored.However,thedifferencesbetweenEnglishandChineseculturesthatarereflectedinthetwolanguagesposeconsiderabledifficulty.

Itisacknowledgedthatwhendoingtranslationonecannottranslatewordforword,orsentencebysentence.Therefore,wemustusesometranslationstrategiessuchasamplification,ellipsis,conversionandsoon.EllipsisasoneofthebasictranslationmethodsplaysanessentialroleinEnglish-Chineserendition.Translatorsapplyitinordertomaketheirworksmorecoherentandunderstandable.

AccordingtotheOxfordAdvancedLearner’sEnglish-ChineseDictionary,ellipsismeans“leavingoutawordorwordsfromasentencedeliberately,whenthemeaningcanbeunderstoodwithoutthem.”Ellipsisintranslationdoesnotmeancuttingsomecontentfromtheoriginaltexts.Whatcouldbeomittedarewordsthatareuselessintranslatedworksorelsetheywillmaketheversionsredundantordisobeythemannerofexpressioninanotherlanguage.

SomewordsandphrasesareuselessinChinesebutnecessaryinEnglish.ArticlesinEnglisharethemostsignificantphenomenonfromthisaspect.TheyareveryimportantinEnglish,butwecanhardlyseeanyreflectionofthisaspectinChinese.Ellipsisisdesignedonthebasisoffaithfulnesstotheoriginaltext,makingitmorefluent,smooth,andconcise,thusconformingtoidiomaticChinese.Inthiscase,translatorsapplyitinordertomaketheirversionsmorecoherentandbetterunderstood.Thefollowingtwoparagraphsanalyzethereasonwhyitissowidelyused.

Firstofall,ChineseexpressionsaremuchbrieferthanthoseofEnglish.SoellipsisaspartofaspecialandinseparabletranslationmethodiswidelyusedinEnglish-Chinesetranslation.Generallyspeaking,abookorapassagewhichdescribesthesamecontentinEnglishmaybelongerinlengththanthatinChinese,becausebothEnglishandChinesehavetheirowncharacteristics,suchasbeingsuccinctinlanguage,beingabundantinwords,beingbriefinsentences,aswellasbeingflexibleinstructure.Therefore,brevitybringsconveniencetoourdailycommunicationandusage.

Secondly,Englishgrammariscompleteinsentencestructure.Theplaceofsubjectpredicate,objectandadjectiveinasentencearefixed.AsentenceinEnglishconsistsofthesubjectandthepredicate,nomatterhowbriefitis.Therefore,theremustbealargenumberoflinkverbsinEnglish.Asanintegralpartofthewhole,itsfunctioncannotbeneglected.Obviously,theyaremorewidelyusedthanthatinChinese.Inordertomakemyselfunderstood,let’slookatthefollowingtwosentences.

（a）.Youreapwhatyousow.种瓜得瓜，种豆得豆。

（b）.Truewordsarenotfine-sounding,fine-soundingwordsarenottrue.

信言不美，美言不信。

InthefirstChineseversion,thereisnosubjectandinthesecondonethereisnoprediction.NodoubttheomittedpartsmakethesentencestructureinChinesemuchbrieferthanthatinEnglish.Thoughneitherofthetwosentenceshasfullsentencestructure,weChinesestillknowexactlywhattheymean,andtosomedegreetheyaremuchbriefer.

ThepaperwillexploreellipsisinEnglish-Chinesetranslationfromfiveaspects,whichareellipsesofpronouns,conjunctions,articles,prepositions,modifications,soastoachievesmootherandclearercommunicationsbetweenChinaandEnglish-speakingcountries.

II.LiteratureReview

Longbefore,somepeoplebegantolearnothercountries’languagestounderstandothers’cultures.InChina,XuanzangwasthefirsttranslatorwhonotonlytranslatedtheSanskritsutrasintoChinese,butalsointroducedthefirstChinesewritingstoforeigncountries,whommadeforeignersunderstoodChina’sancientculture.Meanwhile,hewasthefirsttotranslateLaoTse'sworksintoSanskrit.IndianscholarshadahighopinionofXuanzang,"InChina,thereisnosuchagreatertranslator,norinthehumanculturalhistory.WecanonlysaythatXuanzangisthefirstgreattranslator."（YeLang,2008,28）WecansaythatitwasXuanzangwhomotivatedpeopletoknowthedifferentpartsoftheworld,theirculturesandthepeopleswholivethere.Then,somebigcountriessuchasAmerica,China,andsoonbecameameltingpot（GuZhengkun,2000,86）.Peoplehaveimperceptiblyspentthousandsofyearsknowingeachother.

WithChina’sentryintoWTOanditsopen-uppolicy,cross-culturalexchangesareincreasinglyfrequentbetweenChinaandothercountries.AlotofforeigntouristscometovisitChina.Whiletraveling,theseforeignersarenotsatisfiedwiththetranslationsofthescenicspots.Sometimes,theyevenfeelconfused.Alotofproblemsexistinthetranslation,suchasmisuseofwords,poorexpressionofmeaningandsoon.Allofthesepoortranslationsdoharmtoourcountry’sinternationalimage,andbringlotsofinconveniencestotheforeignvisitors.（MaZuyi,2000,68）.Iamfondoftourismandbeingafreetouristlikethosewhoaregoodatenjoyingtheirwonderfullives.Theloveoftourismmakesmefeeltheneedtoimprovethetranslation.ButeverytimewhenIhaveatrip,manyunsuitabletranslationsofthenamesofthosescenicspotswillembarrassme.Tourismispartofinterculturalcommunication,sopropertranslationofthescenicspotsbecomemoreandmoreimportanttoourcountry.

Communicationplaysasignificantroleintheglobalizedsociety.Inordertoknoweachotherbetter,peoplefromallovertheworldhavetriedaverityofways.Ofcourse,translationisoneofthem.Alltranslatorshavedonetheirbesttomakethetranslatedworksmoreconsistentwiththeneedsofpeople,andtheyreallyhavedoneagreatjob（GuJinming,1997,26）.Andforthisreason,Iwanttoretrospectthecourseofitsdevelopment.Afterathoroughevaluation,Ichooseabranchoftranslation－ellipsisintranslationfromEnglishtoChinese,thenIdidthefollowingjobs.

Iputallmyresearchesandotherstuffstogether,andthenIfoundthatitisacommoncaseinEnglishandChinesewhichdrawsmuchacademicinterest.In1976,HallidayandHsanclassifiedellipsisintonominal,verbalandclausalellipsis（Danica,2002,89）.Thisclassificationexertsgreatinfluenceacademically.Thereafter,ellipsisinChineseandEnglishhasbeenstudiedaccordingtothistheory,whichisbasedondifferentlayersofstructure.ThiskindofstudyunderlinesdifferencesandsimilaritiesofellipsisinChineseandEnglish.

AnotherfamoustheorytoexplainellipsisisEconomyPrinciple,whichwasputforwardbyChomsky（1991,1993,and1995）inhisGenerateCrammer.ItmaintainsthatlanguageandlinguisticstudyfollowEconomyPrinciple,whichmeansusingtheleastefforttoexpressthemostinformation.Thisprinciplejustcoincideswithellipsisinfunction.

Inthisthesis,Ithinkthatbrevityisthemostobviousandcommonfunctionofellipsis,especiallyindailylanguage.AndinbothEnglishandChinese,peopleadvocatebrevity.Shakespeareonceremarked,“brevityisthesoulofwit”,（Hamlet,act2,scene2,p4）andinChinesetherearenumerousidiomslike“yanjianyigai”（meaningcompendious）.However,apartfromthefunctionofbrevity,ellipsisembodiesotherfunctionswhicharealsoprettycommoninthetwolanguagesbutlessnoticed（HuaXianfa,2002,53）.ThesefunctionsexistinbothEnglishandChineseunevenlyandrepresentgreatcolorfulnessoflanguage.ExploringotherfunctionsofellipsisandsearchingforfunctionalrecreationintranslationwillbeoflargelybenefittobothEnglish-ChineseandChinese-Englishtranslation.

IfoundthatwhenChineseauthorstrytoanalyzeellipsisinEnglishtoChinesetranslation,theyalwaysinitiallyputarticlesinthelist.TheyconsiderthatitisacommonphenomenonthatChinesealwaysleaveoutpersonalarticles.WhileitisobviouslydifferentinEnglishthatalmosteverysentencehasasubject,wecanseearticlesfluently.ThatisbecausewhenwetranslatefromEnglishtoChinese,personalarticlescanbeomitted,eventhoughsometimesitmayappearonce,itcanalsobeomittedifnecessary.Furthermore,iftheobjectscanbeseenobviously,personalarticlesshouldalsobeomitted.However,itneverhappensinEnglish.Fromthispoint,itisnotonlyallowablebutalsonecessarywhenwetranslatepersonalarticleswhichareobjectsintoChinese.

Thedevelopmentofsociety,insomeway,hasdeliberatelypromotedthewayofpeople’sthinking.Translationsystemisbecomingmoreandmoreperfect,andpeoplefromallovertheworldcanenjoy