高考英语名词性从句复习上.docx
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高考英语名词性从句复习上
学科教师辅导讲义
年级:
高三课时数:
辅导科目:
英语
课题
名词性从句复习一
教学目的
了解名词性从句的概念、分类,学会简单运用。
教学内容
讲义信息:
这份讲义适合全部的学生。
(名词性从句内容比较多,对于基础较好的学生可以一次课全部讲完,对于基础一般的学生,可以主语从句、宾语从句在一次课上讲,表语从句和同位语从句留到下一次课。
)
Step1:
Greetings&Freetalk
(请老师选择学生感兴趣的话题进行口语练习)
Step2:
巧记单词——拓展记忆法
muse来源theMuses(谬斯)是主管音乐、诗歌、舞蹈、天文等九位女神的总称
museum(-um地点后缀,主管音乐、诗歌、舞蹈、等女神工作的地方就是博物馆了)
musicn.音乐
musician音乐家
amusev.使愉快
amusement
娱乐,消遣
amusing令人愉快的
amused被逗乐的
娱乐:
entertainment
recreationpastimerelaxation
Step3:
Assignmentschecking
Theassignedexercisesontheprevioushandout.
Step3:
Revision
I、错题重现(请老师根据学生具体情况添加)
II、重点知识回顾(让学生默写出上次课上给到的句子成分表格,分别说出高中阶段将遇到的几种从句以及典型例句。
)
Step4:
Diagnostictest
1.Whenasked_____theyneededmost,thekidssaidtheywantedtofeelimportantandloved.
A.whatB.whyC.whomD.which
2.______hereferredtoinhisarticlewasunknowntothegeneralreader.
A.ThatB.WhatC.WhetherD.Where
3.Thetraditionalviewis______wesleepbecauseourbrainis“programmed”tomakeusdoso.
A.whenB.whyC.whetherD.that
4.CouldIspeakto_________isinchargeofInternationalSales,please?
A.anyoneB.someoneC.whoeverD.nomatterwho
5.Youcanonlybesureof_________youhaveatpresent;youcannotbesureofsomething_____youmightgetinthefuture.
A.that;whatB.what;/C.which;thatD./;that
6._____isknowntousallisthatthe2008OlympicGameswilltakeplaceinBeijing.
A.ItB.WhatC.AsD.Which
7.Thelasttimewehadgreatfunwas_____wewerevisitingtheWaterPark.
A.whereB.howC.whenD.why
8.Havingcheckedthedoorswereclosed,and_________allthelightswereoff,theboyopenedthedoortohisbedroom..
A.whyB.thatC.whenD.where
9.Choosingtherightdictionarydependson______youwanttouseitfor.
A.whatB.whyC.howD.whether
10.Ithasbeenproved_____eatingvegetablesinchildhoodhelpstoprotectyouagainstseriousillnessesinlaterlife.
A.ifB.becauseC.whenD.that
11._____isknowntousallisthatthe2008OlympicGameswilltakeplaceinBeijing.
A.ItB.WhatC.AsD.Which
12._______makesthisshopdifferentisthatitoffersmorepersonalservices.
A.WhatB.WhoC.WhateverD.Whoever
13.—It’sthirtyyearssincewelastmet.
—ButIstillrememberthestory,believeitornot,_______wegotlostonarainynight.
A.whichB.thatC.whatD.when
14.TomorrowisTom’sbirthday.Haveyougotanyideathepartyistobeheld?
A.whatB.whichC.thatD.where
15.Seetheflagsontopofthebuilding?
Thatwas_______wedidthismorning.
A.whenB.whichC.whereD.What
16.Thelasttimewehadgreatfunwas_____wewerevisitingtheWaterPark.
A.whereB.howC.whenD.why
17.Teachersrecommendparentstheirchildrenunder12toridebicyclestoschoolforsafety.
A.notallowB.donotallowC.mustn’tallowD.couldn’tallow
18.___fashiondiffersfromcountrytocountrymayreflecttheculturaldifferencesfromoneaspect.
A.What B.That C.This D.Which
19.______shewillbegiventhisjobisstillunderdiscussion.
A.AlthoughB.WhetherC.IfD.What
20.Someoneisringingthedoorbell.Goandsee________.
A.whoisheB.whoheisC.whoaretheyD.whoitis
Step5:
Grammarfocus--NounClauses
(本次讲义中例句结构简单清晰,老师在讲解的过程中需要进行扩展,让学生造句)
一、概念:
在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词从句(NounClauses)
二、分类:
主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句
三、知识梳理:
主语从句
例句:
Whathewantstotellusisnotclear.
WheretheEnglisheveningwillbeheldhasnotyetbeenannounced.
有时为避免句子头重脚轻,常用形式主语it代替主语从句作形式主语放于句首,而把主语从句置于句末。
主语从句后的谓语动词一般用单数形式。
常用句型如下:
1.It+be+形容词(obvious,true,natural,surprising,good,wonderful,funny,possible,likely,certain,probable,etc.)+that从句。
Itiscertainthatshewilldowellinherexam.
Itisprobablethathetoldhereverything.
2.It+be+名词词组(nowonder,anhonor,agoodthing,apity,nosurprise,etc.)+that从句。
It’sasurprisethatourteamshouldhavewonthegame.我们没赢这场比赛真意外。
3.It+be+过去分词(said,reported,thought,expected,decided,announced,arranged,etc.)+that从句。
如:
ItisreportedthatChinahassentanotherman-madesatelliteintoorbit.
转变为简单句:
_________________________________________________________
4.It+seem,happen,occur,appear等不及物动词及短语+that从句。
ItseemsthatAliceisnotcomingtothepartyatall.Alice.
IthappenedthatIwasoutthatday.
转变为简单句:
______________________________________________________
5.It+doesn’tmatter(makesnodifference,etc.)+连接代词或连接副词引起的主语从句。
Itdoesn’tmatterwhethershewillcomeornot.
学生造句:
6.其他需要it作形式主语的用法:
①that引导的主语从句出现在疑问句中时,要以it作形式主语,而把主语从句后置
翻译:
《盗梦空间》下周将在上海上映,这是真的吗?
学生造句:
②主语从句出现在感叹句中时,要以it作形式主语,而把主语从句后置
翻译:
孩子们这么安静真奇怪!
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答案:
3、Chinaisreportedtohavesentanotherman-madesatelliteintoorbit.
4、Ihappenedtobeoutthatday.
5、IsittruethatInceptionwillbeonnextweekinShanghai?
6、Howstrangeitisthatthechildrenaresoquiet!
宾语从句
时态:
1.当主句是一般现在时态时,从句可根据需要用任何时态。
2.当主句是一般过去时态时,从句只能使用过去范围内的任何时态。
但客观真理除外。
Theteachersaidthattheearthgoesroundthesun.
类型:
1.及物动词的宾语:
Doyouknowwhomtheyarewaitingfor?
Ithink(that)hewillcomebackinafewdays.(that可省略)
2.介词的宾语:
Itdependsonwhetherheiscomingornot.
3.形容词的宾语:
I’mgladthathehaspassedtheexam.
4.it充当形式宾语,真正的宾语即宾语从句后置
①. 在think,consider,imagine,believe,make,feel,find等动词接复合宾语时,要用it作形式宾语。
Wefinditdifficultthatweshouldfinishtheworkontime.
Hehasmadeitclearthathewillnotgivein.
②.作介词的宾语:
连词that引导的名词性从句很少作介词的宾语,只用在except,but,in后。
其他一些介词的宾语从句如果由连词that引导,则需用it先行一步,作形式宾语。
如:
Heisagoodstudentexceptthatheiscareless.他是一个好学生,只是有点粗心。
用relyonit造句:
③.在like,enjoy,love,hate,appreciate等词后跟宾语从句时,需用形式宾语it.
Ihateitwhenpeopletalkwiththeirmouthsfull.
用appreciateit造句:
④.由动词和介词构成的短语动词后接宾语从句时,要用it作形式宾语。
I’llseetoitthatheistakengoodcareofwhenyouareabsent.
Wetookitforgrantedthathewouldcome.Keepitinmindthatyouhavetobehomebyteno’clock.
表语从句
能跟表语从句的谓语动词一般为系动词be,seem,look等。
例句:
Allthiswasovertwentyyearsago,butit'sasifitwasonlyyesterday.
Itlookedasifitwasgoingtorain.
Theproblemiswhowecangettoreplaceher.
Thatwaswhatshedidthismorningonreachingtheattic.
Ithinkitisbecauseyouaredoingtoomuch.
学生造句:
同位语从句
同位语从句在句子中用作名词的同位语,具体说明这些名词的内容。
一般跟在抽象名词fact,belief,truth,information,word,news,question,suggestion,thought,hope,advice,announcement,argument,belief,claim,conclusion,decision,evidence,explanation,fact,feeling,hope,idea,impression,knowledge,message,opinion,order,probability,promise,proposal,remark,reply,report,saying,statement,treat,warning,wish,等之后。
例句:
Informationhasbeenputforwardthatmoremiddleschoolgraduateswillbeadmittedintouniversities.
Wehavesomedoubtwhethertheycancompletethetaskontime.
Wecametothedecisionthatwemustactatonce.
Thethoughtcametoherthatmaybeshehadleftthedooropenwhenshelefthome.
注意:
在名词doubt“怀疑”后的同位语从句用whether连接;在nodoubt“不怀疑”之后的同位语从句用that连接。
解题步骤:
1、判断从句类型
2、判断从句是否缺成分
3、根据语境选择合适的连词
(让学生根据上述的方法对诊断性练习中的题目进行总结归类,巩固解题思路)
Step6:
Consolidationexercise.
第一部分:
基础题
1._______makesthisshopdifferentisthatitoffersmorepersonalservices.
A.WhatB.WhoC.WhateverD.Whoever
2.—It’sthirtyyearssincewelastmet.
—ButIstillrememberthestory,believeitornot,_______wegotlostonarainynight.
A.whichB.thatC.whatD.when
3.Seetheflagsontopofthebuilding?
Thatwas_______wedidthismorning.
A.whenB.whichC.whereD.What
4.—Couldyoudomeafavor?
—Itdependson_______itis.
A.whichB.whicheverC.whatD.whatever
5.Theseshoeslookverygood.Iwonder_______.
A.howmuchcosttheyareB.howmuchdotheycost
C.howmuchtheycostD.howmucharetheycost
6.Doris'successliesinthefact_______sheisco-operativeandeagertolearnfromothers.
A.whichB.thatC.whenD.why
7.Marywroteanarticleon_______theteamhadfailedtowinthegame.
A.whyB.whatC.whoD.that
8.Doyouhaveanyidea_______isactuallygoingonintheclassroom?
A.thatB.whatC.asD.which
9.—Whydoesshealwaysaskyouforhelp?
—Thereisnooneelse_______,isthere?
A.whototurntoB.shecanturnto
C.forwhomtoturnD.forhertoturn
10.Elephantshavetheirownwaytotelltheshapeofanobjectand_______itisroughorsmooth.
A./B.whetherC.howD.what
11.Dannyleftwordwithmysecretary_______hewouldcallagainintheafternoon.
A.whoB.thatC.asD.which
12.Mumiscoming.Whatpresent_______foryourbirthday?
A.youexpectshehasgotB.youexpecthasshegot
C.doyouexpectshehasgotD.doyouexpecthasshegot
13.Thewayhediditwasdifferent________wewereusedto.
A.inwhichB.inwhatC.fromwhatD.fromwhich
14.Greatchangeshavetakenplaceinthatschool.Itisnolonger_______itwas20yearsago,_______itwassopoorlyequipped.
A.what;whenB.that;whichC.what;whichD.which;that
15.Someresearchersbelievethatthereisnodoubt________acureforAIDSwillbefound.
A.whichB.thatC.whatD.whether
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答案:
基础题
1.A此题考察what引导名词性从句的用法。
在此题中what引导主语从句,同时在从句中充当主语。
2.B通过对句子的分析可知,believeitornot是插入语,在此句中that引导的是thestory的同位语从句。
3.D通过对句子的分析可知,此题需要选一词来引导表语从句,而从句中的明显缺少宾语,故只能what用来充当。
4.C介词on后面宾语从句不完整,同时从句缺少主语,故只能由what来充当。
5.Cwonder后面的从句是疑问句应用陈述语序。
即:
特殊疑问词+主语+谓语动词。
6.B此句主句完整,从句也完整,故用that引导构成与thefact的同位语从句。
7.Awhy在它引导的从句中充当原因状语,从句在主句里充当介词on的宾语。
8.Bwhat在它引导的从句中充当主语,同时整个从句可看成是idea的同位语从句,来说明idea的具体内容。
9.