优质文档war怎样造句word范文模板 21页.docx

优质文档war怎样造句word范文模板 21页.docx

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优质文档war怎样造句word范文模板21页

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war怎样造句

篇一：

如何造句

造句

一、正确的句子

论文写作另一最基本的要素就是句子的正确性，这是因为它将直接影响论文表达的清晰性和正确性。

要做到正确书写句子，就需要对英语句子结构有非常清辇的了解，下面将从英语基本句型和基本句型扩展两方面来阐述如何运用正确的英语句式来表达思想。

1.英语基本句型

英语句子有长有短，有简有繁，可以说是千姿百态，令人眼花缭乱，以致于许多学生在英文写作时常常感到无从下手。

但无论句型看上去多么纷繁复杂，其实质上都源于五个基本句型，sp:

主+动十补（svcs）;主+动（sv）;i+动+宾（SVO）;主+动+宾+宾（SVOiOd）;主+动+宾+补（SVOCo）。

掌握好这五种基本句型，领会其真谛与神韵，是掌握各种句子结构的基础。

例如：

【例l】ThemostimportantaspectofO.Hey?

swritingwasnotinthegeneralideaofhisstory,butinthevividdescriptionofdetailsofcharactersandevents.（SVCs）[例2】Theaimoftranslationistoreproduceasaccuratelyaspossibleallgrammaticalandlexicalfeaturesoftheusourcelanguage”byfindingequivalentsintheutargetlan?

guage'.（SVCs）【例3】Obviously,noculturecanexistwithoutthestructureofnaturallanguage.（SV）im4]OliverTwistopenswithabitterinvectivedirectedatthenineteenth-century93EnglishPoorLaws.（SV）

【例5】InQingDynasty,YanFuestablishedathree-characterstandardintranslation,i.e.“Faithfulness”，“Exprevssiveness”and“Elegance”asthecriteriaoftranslation.

（SVO）

【例6】Englandinthe1830swasrapidlyundergoingatransformationfromanagricul?

tural,ruraleconomytoanurban,industrialnation.（SVO）【例7】ThenewspapershowsthereaderstheMarchsisters?

talentandinterestinart.（SVOiOd）【例8】Atotherpoints,theill-mannered,ridiculousbehaviorofMrs.BennetgivesherabadreputationwiththemorerefinedDarcysandBingleys.（SVOiOd）【例9】DickensmakesOliverTwistachildheroofthismelodramaticnovelofsocialprotest.（SVOCo）【例10]Throughbothlawandprescribedgenderroles,Austen?

ssocietyleaveswomenfewoptionsfortheadvancementorbettermentoftheirsituations.（SVOCo）2.基本句型的扩展在

把握了上述的这五种基本句型基础之上，就可以对句子进行扩展，从而丰富传达的信息、充实作者的思想。

一般说来，句型的扩展主要是通过使用修饰词、短语、从句以及并列句这四种途径来实现。

使用修饰词

因为这种方法主要是通过增加单个的形容词或副词来扩展句子，所以属于最初级的扩展。

例如：

【例l】Atthemostbasiclevel,Jo?

sspeechservesasasignificantmarkerofherun?

conventionality.

【例2】Inaword,manyidiomsbearstrongnationalculturalflavors.

【例3】Thetranslationofidiomsisalxvayscomplicatedanddifficult.

【例4】0Hey!

sstoriesareallingeniouslyconceived,withtheendingalwayscon?

trarytoreaders?

expectations.

使用短语

这种方法是通过使用形容词短语、副词短语、名词短语、介词短语以及非谓语动词短语等来扩展丰富句子。

这些短语在句子中充当主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语、补语、同位语等成分。

例如：

【例AdmissiontoColumbia?

sgraduateprogramsishighlyselectiveprettymuchacrosstheboard.（名词短语作主语）【例2】Recognizingwhereculturaldifferencesareatworkisthefirststeptowardunderstandingandrespectingeachother.（动名词短语作主语）94【例3】“Tosingadifferentturn”isanEnglishidiomwhichmeanstosayordosomethingthatsignalsachangeinopinionbecauseitcontradictswhatonehassaidordonebefore.（动词不定式短语作主语）【例4】0.Heynamedhissecondcollection“TheFourMillion”，whichwasaboutthelifeofordinarypeopleinNewYorkCity.（名词短语作宾语）【例5】WhenJaneAustenwasonlyaboutnineteen,shestartedworkingon“HySusan”，anepistolarynovelwhichwasJanesfirstattemptataserioustheme.（动名词短语作宾语）【例6】Dickens?

sfamilysufferedfinanciallyasaresultoflivingbeyondtheirmeans,sohisfatherwasimprisonedintheMarshalseaprisonfordebtors.（动名词短语作介词宾语）【例7】Forawomanwhowantstoimproveherstatusandgetfinancialsecurity,Mrs.Bennethastomarryawealthyman.（动词不定式短语作宾语）【例8】Della?

shairwashermostcherishedpossessionandherproudesttreasure.（名词短语作表语）【例9】

Herregretishavingdonesomuchforhimandbeingabandonedbyhim.（动名词短语作表语）【例10】Themostimportantreasonforeducatorstounderstandcross-culturalcommu?

nicationistoimprovetheirrelationswiththediversegroupsofstudentsandparentsthey-willencounter.（动词不定式短语作表语）

【例ll】Oneofthesimplestwaysisthroughananalysisofthelanguageofthead-vertisingclaim.（介词短语作表语）【例12】DickensgraduallygrewdisappointedwiththeattemptsofLawmakerstoim-provethoseconditions，（过去分词短语作表语）【例13]Apersonunmvareofadvertising?

sinfluenceonhimispreciselytheonemostvulnerabletotheadman?

sattack.（形容词性短语作后置定语）【例14】Withhercentralcharacters,Austensuggeststhattrueloveisaforceseparat?

ingfromsocietyandonethatcanconquereventhemostdifficultofcircumstances.（现在分词短语作后置定语）【例15】ThoughyoungwomenofJaneAusten?

sdayhadmorefreedomtochoosetheirhusbandsthanintheearlyeighteenthcentury,practicalconsiderationscontinuedtolimittheiroptions.（动词不定式短语作后置定语）【例16]InChinesehighschool,thepursuitofthebestwaytoteachEnglishhasbeenalwaysstressed.（介词短语作后置定语）【例17】Withthepopulationofonlytwobillion，theU.S.hasasurprisinglylarge95numberofbooksbeingpublishedeachyear.（介词短语作伴随状语）【例18】WilliamMakepeaceThackeray，arepresentativeofcriticalrealisminthe19thcenturyEngland，wasbornin1811inCalcutta，India,inthefamilyofanEnglishofficial.（介词短语作地点状语、时间状语）【例19】Inordertoachievethispurpose，theytryeverymeanstodeceiveandeventofighteachother.（介词短语作目的状语）【例20】Scarcelyasinglestoryamonghisthreehundredstoriesfailstoendinsuchawaythatthereadersarenotpreparingfor.（介词短语作方式状语）【例21]Becauseofthelimitationoftime,wecan?

tgodeepintotheAmericanfami?

liestoseehowmanybookstheykeep.（介词短语作原因状语）【例22】HearingthatJosephhasnotproposedBecky,AmeliasoothesherfriendbypressingherhandandtellingherthatJosephwillaskhertomarryhimatVauxhall.（现在分词短语作时间状语）【例23】Soapywasatramp,havingnoshelterandfoodtokeephimfromcoldandhunger.（现在分词短语作伴随状语）

【例24】Whentheyoungpeopleremainathome,GeorgeaccompaniesAmeliatolistentosomemusic,thusleavingBeckyandJosephatthedrawing-roomtable.（现在分词短语作结果状语），【例25]Needingabreak，LouisaandheryoungestsisterMayheadedofftoEuropein1870,（现在分词短语作原因状语）

【例26]Overcomewithsurprise，hewasunabletoutteraword.（过去分词短语作原因状语）【例27】Imbuedwithaninquiringimagination，anintenselymeditativemind，and,unceasinginterestinthe“interioroftheheart”ofman5being，Hawthorne?

slifestorywastotallywithouttheexcitingofatleastunusualeventsthatcharacterizedthelivesofsomanyAmericanwriters.（过去分词短语作伴随状语）例28〗Basedonstudents'independentand

exploratorystudy，researchlearningre-quiresthatstudentschooseanddetermineasubjectmatterfromtheirdailyandschoollife.（过去分词短语作伴随状语）【例29】Louisasawthatherlovingheartwasneededbymorethanjustherfamily,andsheheadedforWashington,D.C.in1862toserveasaCivilWarNurse.（动词不定式短语作目的状语）【例30】Intelligentandforthright,Darcyalsohasatendencytojudgetoohastilyandharshly，andhishighbirthandwealthmakehimoverlyproudandoverlyconsciousofhissocialstatus.（形容词短语作宾语补足语）96【例31】LeavingAmelia'shouse,BeckycomesintoSirPitt?

sfamilyandfindsherselfinanatmosphereofavarice,hypocrisyandimmorality.（介词短语作宾语补足语）【例32]A

statesmancanmakehisinfluencefeltthroughhisspeechandaction.（过去分词短语作宾语补足语）【例33】Thecompanyadvertisedforadoctorofphilosophytobetheeditor-in-chief.（动词不定式短语作宾语补足语）【例34】01iverTwististhenovel?

sprotagonist,asortofmaleCinderellaorprincessdisguisedasagoosegirl.（名词短语作同位语）【例35]PrideandPrejudicecontainsoneofthemostcherishedlovestoriesinEnglishliterature:

thecourtshipbetweenDarcyandElizabeth?

（名词短语作同位语）（3）使用从句这种方法主要是通过使用名词性从句、形容词性从句和副词性从句来扩展句子。

所谓名词性从句包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句，相当于名词，在句子中充当主语、宾语、表语和同位语。

引导名词性从句的关联词包括:

连接词that，whether，if;关系代词who，whom，whose，what，which，wh-ever;关系副词when，where，how，why等。

例如：

【例l】ItiswellknownthatbothChitmeandEnglishareabundantinidiomsandarebecomingheavilyidiomatic.（主语从句）【例2】Whatmenareputtingontheirbodies,however,isnothingcomparedwithwhatthey?

redoingtotheirbodies.（主语从句）【例3】Hawthornebelievedthat“thevurongdoingofonegenerationlivesintothesuc?

cess!

x^eones，”andoftenwonderedifhemighthaveinheritedsomeoftheirguilt?

（宾语从句）【例4】Weconsideritabsolutelynecessarythatweshouldopenourdoortotheoutsideworld.（宾语从句）【例5】Nowadays，educatedpeoplehavebecomemuchmoreflexibleandtolerantaboutwhatisconsideredtobecorrectoracceptable.（宾语从句）

【例6】Thequestionremainswhetherwecanwinthemajorityofthepeople.（表语从句）【例7】Thephilosophywasthatthemiserableconditionswouldpreventable-bodiedpaupersfrombeinglazyandidlebums.（表语从句）【例8】Inthewholenovel,DickensusesOliver~apoororphantochallengetheVicto-rianideathatpaupersandcriminalsarealreadyevilatbirth，heinsistthatthecor-ruptenvironmentshouldbethesourceofvice.（同位语从句）97【例9】VictoriansocietyinterpretedeconomicsuccessasasignthatGodfavoredthehonest，moralvirtueofthesuccessfulindividual?

sefforts.（同位语从

句）【例10】OnFebruary2nd,1972,whenPrimerZhoutoastedtoAmericanPresidentNixon，hesaid：

“Duetothereasonthatisknowntoall,ithasbeenmorethan20yearsbeforeourtwocountriesbegintocommunicateagain.，，（同位语从句）【例ll】ThroughdescribingBennet，sfiveunmarrieddaughters，differentwaystotreatmarriage,JaneAustenintendstoshowherattitudetowardsmarriage：

itiswrongforpeopletomarryforpossessionsandstatus，orwithoutcarefulconsideration.（同位语从句）形容词性从句相当于形容词，在句子中充当定语，其修饰限定作用可分为限定和非限定两种。

形容词性从句的引导词主要包括:

关系代词who，whom，which，that，whose;关系副词when，where，why,as等。

例如：

【例12】Theassumptionsuponwhichtheworkhouses-wereestablishedwasthatmoralvirtuelayinwork,thatworklednecessarilytosuccess,andthateconomicfailurewastheconsequenceoflaziness.（限定性定语从句）【例13】Continuumreferstothoseconceptswhoseextensionmeaningisvaguebe-txveenrightandwrong.（限定性定语从句）【例14]Inasocietyinheretherewasnocleardistinctionbetweenrightandwrong,hopelesspeoplelikeSoapyhadtogiveupthemoredecentlifeandtumbledintothehorriblepit.（限定性定语从句）【例15】Lookingupatthedelightmooninthesky