山东省枣庄市届高三年级调研考试英语2.docx

山东省枣庄市届高三年级调研考试英语2.docx

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山东省枣庄市届高三年级调研考试英语2

山东省枣庄市2014届高三年级调研考试英语2

高考英语

2014-04-071202

65．FamousuniversitieslikeHarvard,Yale,andStanford         .

      A．areonlyinterestedinacceptingpublicschoolgraduates

      B．alsotakeinstudentswithahomeschooldiploma

      C．neverenrollhome–schooledgraduates

      D．alsoprovidehomeschooleducation

C

AgainstthesuppositionthatforestfiresinAlaska,CanadaandSiberiawarmtheclimate,scientistshavediscoveredthatcoolingmayoccurinareaswhereburnttreesallowmoresnowtomirrormoresunlightintospace.

Thisfindingsuggeststhattakingstepstopreventnorthernforestfirestolimitthereleaseofgreenhousegasesmaywarmtheclimateinnorthernregions.Usuallylargefiresdestroyedforestsintheseareasoverthepastdecade.Scientistspredictthatwithclimatewarming,firesmayoccurmorefrequentlyoverthenextseveralcenturiesasaresultofalongerfireseason.Sunlighttakeninbytheearthtendstocausewarming,whileheatmirroredbackintospacetendstocausecooling.

   Thisisthefirststudytoanalyzeallaspectsofhownorthernfiresinfluenceclimate.Earlierstudiesbyotherscientistshavesuggestedthatfireinnorthernregionsspeedupclimatewarmingbecausegreenhousegasesfromburningtreesandplantsarereleasedintotheatmosphereandthustrapheat.

   Scientistsfoundthatrightafterthefire,largeamountsofgreenhousegasesenteredtheatmosphereandcausedwarming.Ozone（臭氧）levelsincreased,andashfromthefirefellonfar-offseaice,darkeningthesurfaceandcausingmoreradiationfromthesuntobetakenin.Thefollowingspring,however,thelandwithintheareaofthefirewasbrighterthanbeforethefire,becausefewertreescoveredtheground.Snowonthegroundmirroredmoresunlightbackintospace,leadingtocooling.

   “Weneedtofindoutallpossiblewaystoreducethegrowthofgreenhousegasesintheatmosphere.”Scientiststrackedthechangeintheamountofradiationenteringandleavingtheclimatesystemasaresultofthefire,andfoundameasurementcloselyrelatedtotheglobalairtemperature.Typically,fireinnorthernregionsoccursinthesameareaevery80to150years.Scientists,however,foundthatwhenfireoccursmorefrequently,moreradiationislostfromtheearthandcoolingresults.Specifically,theydeterminedwhenfirereturns20yearsearlierthanpredicted,0.5wattspersquaremeterofareaburnedaresoakedupbytheearthfromgreenhousegases,but0.9wattspersquaremeterwillbesentbackintospace.Theneteffectiscooling.Wattsareusedtomeasuretherateatwhichenergyisgainedorlostfromtheearth.

66．Accordingtothenewfindings,takingstepstopreventnorthernforestfiresmay__________.

      A．resultinawarmingclimate          

      B．causetheforestfirestooccurmorefrequently

      C．leadtoalongerfireseason            

      D．protecttheforestsandtheenvironmentthere

67．ThefollowingarealltheimmediateeffectsafteraforestfireEXCEPT__________.

      A．largeamountsofgreenhousegasesentertheatmosphere

      B．thelevelsofozonewhichisatypeofoxygenincrease

      C．snowonthegroundmirrorsmoresunlightbackintospace

      D．ashesfromthefirefallontheicesurfaceandtakeinmoreradiationfromthesun

68．Earlierstudiesaboutnorthernforestfires__________.

      A．analyzeallaspectsofhownorthernfiresinfluenceclimate

      B．indicatethatforestfireswillpollutetheatmosphere

      C．suggestthatpeopleshouldtakemeasurestoprotectenvironment

      D．suggestthatthefireswillspeedupclimatewarming

69．Theunderlinedphrase“soakup”inthelastparagraphmostprobablymeans__________.

      A．released            B．absorbed         C．created            D．distributed

70．FromthepassagewecandrawaconclusionthatforestfiresinAlaska,CanadaandSiberiamay__________.

      A．warmtheclimateasthesuppositiongoes

      B．allowmoresnowtoreflectmoresunlightintospaceandthuscooltheclimate

      C．destroylargeareasofforestsandpollutethefar-offseaice

      D．helptogainmoreenergyratherthanreleasemoreenergy

D

Somedayastrangerwillreadyoure–mailwithoutyourpermissionorscantheWebsiteyou’revisited,Orperhapssomeonewillcasuallyglancethroughyourcreditcardpurchasesorcellphonebillstofindoutyourshoppingpreferencesorcallinghabits.

Infact,it'slikelythatsomeofthesethingshavealreadyhappenedtoyou.Whowouldwatchyouwithoutyourpermission?

Itmightbeaspouse,agirlfriend,amarketingcompany,aboss,acoporacriminal.Whoeveritis,theywillseeyouinawayyouneverintendedtobeseen－the21stcenturyreplacementofbeingcaughtnaked.

Psychologiststellusboundariesarehealthy,thatit'simportanttorevealyourselftofriends,familyandloversinstages,atappropriatetimes.Butfewboundariesremain.Thedigitalbreadcrumbs（碎屑）youleaveeverywheremakeiteasyforstrangerstoreconstructwhoyouare,whereyouareandwhatyoulike.Insomecases,asimpleGooglesearchcanrevealwhatyouthink.Likeitornot,increasinglyweliveinaworldwhereyousimplycannotkeepasecret.

ThekeyquestionisDoesthatmatter?

FormanyAmericans,theanswerapparentlyis"no."

WhenopinionpollsaskAmericansaboutprivacy,mostsaytheyareconcernedaboutlosingit.Asurveyfoundastrongbadfeelingaboutprivacy,with60percentofrespondentssayingtheyfeeltheirprivacyis"slippingaway,andthatbothersme."

Butpeoplesayonethinganddoanother.OnlyatinypartofAmericanschangeanybehaviorsinanefforttopreservetheirprivacy.Fewpeopleturndownadiscountattollbooths（收费站）toavoidusingtheEZ-Passsystemthatcantrackautomobilemovements.Andfewturndownsupermarketloyaltycards.PrivacyeconomistAlessandroAcquistihasrunaseriesofteststhatrevealpeoplewillgiveawaypersonalinformationlikeSocialSecuritynumbersjusttogettheirhandsonapitiful50-cents-offcoupon（优惠卷）.

Butprivacydoesmatter----atleastsometimes.It'slikehealthWhenyouhaveit,youdon'tnoticeit.Onlywhenit'sgonedoyouwishyou'ddonemoretoprotectit.

71．Whatdoestheauthormeanbysaying"the21stcenturyreplacementofbeingcaughtnaked"?

      A．People'spersonalinformationiseasilyaccessedwithouttheirknowledge.

      B．Inthe21stcenturypeopletryeverymeanstolookintoothers'secrets.

      C．Peopletendtobemorefrankwitheachotherintheinformationage.

      D．Criminalsareeasilycaughtonthespotwithadvancedtechnology.

72．Whatwouldpsychologistsadviseontherelationshipsbetweenfriends?

      A．Friendsshouldopentheirheartstoeachother.

      B．Friendsshouldalwaysbefaithfultoeachother.

      C．Thereshouldbeadistanceevenbetweenfriends.

      D．Thereshouldbefewerargumentsbetweenfriends.

73．Whydoestheauthorsay"weliveinaworldwhereyousimplycannotkeepasecret"？

      A．Modernsocietyhasfinallydevelopedintoanopensociety.

      B．Peopleleavetracesaroundwhenusingmoderntechnology.

      C．Therearealwayspeoplewhoarecuriousaboutothers'affairs.

      D．Manysearchenginesbenefitfromgivingawaypeople'sidentities.

74．WhatdomostAmericansdoasforprivacyprotection?

      A．Theychangebehaviorsthatmightdisclosetheiridentity.

      B．Theyusevariousloyaltycardsforbusinesstransactions（交易）.

      C．Theyrelymostandmoreonelectronicdevices.

      D．Theytalkalotbuthardlydoanythingaboutit.

75．Accordingtothepassage,privacyislikehealthbecause__      _.

      A．peoplewillmakeeveryefforttokeepit.   

      B．itsimportanceisrarelyunderstood

      C．itissomethingthatcaneasilybelost    

     D．peopledon'ttreasureituntiltheyloseit

第Ⅱ卷（共45分）

第四部分：

书面表达（共两节，满分45分）

第一节：

阅读表达（共5小题；每小题3分，满分15分）

阅读下面短文，并根据短文后的要求回答问题（请注意问题后的字数要求）

[1]SevenChinesesailorsaremissingafteraChinesecargoshipsankinRussianwatersnearJapanonSaturday,theForeignMinistrysaidWednesday.

[2]"Threeofthe2014Chinesesailorsonboardweresavedbut                  aftertheshipsankoffthewatersofVladivostok,"itsaidinastatementonitswebsite.

[3]Theministrydidn'tmentionthecauseoftheincident,sayingrescueeffortsandaninvestigationintotheincidentareongoing.

[4]ButtheGlobalTimes,aChineselanguagenewspaperbasedinBeijing,saidyesterdaytheshipwasfiredonbytheRussiannavybeforeitsank,citingaRussiannewspaper.　　

[5]NewStar,thecargoship,wassequestered（扣押）attheRussianportofNakhodkaearlierthismonthforallegedsmuggling.ItlefttheportnotfarfromtheSino-RussianborderwithoutpermissionfromRussianauthoritieslastThursdayandwaschasedbyacruiser,thenewspapersaid.

[6]However,theChineseshipstartedtosinkontheway.Accordingtothereport,inaperiodofalmost24hours,Russiannavyofficersandsoldiersonboardthecruiser（巡洋舰）watchedthesinkingboatanddidnotmakeanyresponsetothecriesforhelpfromthecrewmen.AChineseForeignMinistryofficialonFridaysaidthatRussia’sattitudeonthesinkingofaChinesecargoshipinRussianwatersisunacceptable.Intheend,16sailorsonboardNewStargotontwolifeboats.

[7]ChineseDeputyForeignMinisterLiHuiThursdaysummonedRussianambassadorSergeiRazov,urgingRussianauthoritiestocompleteinvestigationsintotheincidentassoonaspossibleandtryitsbesttosearchforthemissingcrewmembers.

76．Whatdoesthepassagemainlytellus?

（Within15words）