英语四级阅读试题库含答案解析.docx

英语四级阅读试题库含答案解析.docx

《英语四级阅读试题库含答案解析.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《英语四级阅读试题库含答案解析.docx（89页珍藏版）》请在冰豆网上搜索。

英语四级阅读试题库含答案解析

英语四级阅读题库含答案解析

1.PassageOne

Globalwarmingmayormaynotbethegreatenvironmentalcrisisofthe21stcentury,

butregardlessofwhetheritisorisn’t–wewon’tdomuchaboutit.Wewillargueover

itandmayeven,asanation,makesomefairlysolemn-soundingcommitmentstoavoid

it.Butthemoredramaticandmeaningfulthesecommitmentsseem,thelesslikelythey

aretobeobserved.

AlGorecallsglobalwarmingan“inconvenienttruth,”asifmerelyrecognizingit

couldputusonapathtoasolution.Buttherealtruthisthatwedon’tknowenoughto

relieveglobalwarming,and–withoutmajortechnologicalbreakthroughs—wecan’tdo

muchaboutit.

From2003to2050,theworld’spopulationisprojectedtogrowfrom6.4billionto9.1

billion,a42%increase.Ifenergyuseperpersonandtechnologyremainthesame,total

energyuseandgreenhousegasemissions（mainly,CO2）willbe42%higherin2050.but

that’stoolow,becausesocietiesthatgrowricherusemoreenergy.Weneedeconomic

growthunlesswecondemntheworld’spoortotheirpresentpovertyandfreeze

everyoneelse‘slivingstandards.Withmodestgrowth,energyuseandgreenhouse

emissionsmorethandoubleby2050.

Nogovernmentwilladoptrigidrestrictionsoneconomicgrowthandpersonal

freedom（limitsonelectricityusage,drivingandtravel）thatmightcutbackglobal

warming.Still,politicianswanttoshowthey’re“doingsomething.”ConsidertheKyoto

Protocol（京都议定书）.Itallowedcountriesthatjoinedtopunishthosethatdidn’t.Butit

hasn’treducedCO2emissions（upabout25%since1990）,andmanysignatories（签字

国）didn’tadopttoughenoughpoliciestohittheir2008-2012targets.

Thepracticalconclusionisthatifglobalwarmingisapotentialdisaster,theonly

solutionisnewtechnology.Onlyanaggressiveresearchanddevelopmentprogram

mightfindwaysofbreakingdependenceonfossilfuelsordealingwithit.

Thetroublewiththeglobalwarmingdebateisthatithasbecomeamoralproblemwhen

it’sreallyanengineeringone.Theinconvenienttruthisthatifwedon’tsolvethe

engineeringproblem,we’rehelpless.

57.Whatissaidaboutglobalwarminginthefirstparagraph?

A）ItmaynotproveanenvironmentalB）Itisanissuerequiringworldwide

crisisatall.commitments.

C）SeriousstepshavebeentakentoavoidD）Verylittlewillbedonetobringitunder

orstopit.control.

58.Accordingtotheauthor’sunderstanding,whatisAlGore’sviewonglobalwarming?

A）Itisarealitybothpeopleandpoliticiansareunawareof.

B）Itisaphenomenonthatcausesusmanyinconveniences.

C）Itisaproblemthatcanbesolvedonceitisrecognized.

D）Itisanareaweactuallyhavelittleknowledgeabout.

59.Greenhouseemissionswillmorethandoubleby2050becauseof_______.

A）economicgrowthC）wastefuluseofenergy

B）thewideninggapbetweentherichandD）therapidadvancesofscienceand

poortechnology

60.Theauthorbelievesthat,sincethesigningoftheKyotoProtocol,________.

A）politicianshavestartedtodosomethingtobetterthesituation

B）fewnationshaveadoptedrealtoughmeasurestolimitenergyuse

C）reductionsinenergyconsumptionhavegreatlycutbackglobalwarming

D）internationalcooperationhascontributedtosolvingenvironmentalproblems

61.Whatisthemessagetheauthorintendstoconvey?

A）Globalwarmingismoreofamoralissuethanapracticalone.

B）Theultimatesolutiontoglobalwarmingliesinnewtechnology

C）Thedebateoverglobalwarmingwillleadtotechnologicalbreakthroughs.

D）Peoplehavetogiveupcertainmaterialcomfortstostopglobalwarming.

PassageTwo

Somedayastrangerwillreadyoure-mailwithoutyourpermissionorscanthe

Websitesyou’vevisited.Orperhapssomeonewillcasuallyglancethroughyourcredit

cardpurchaseorcellphonebillstofindoutyourshoppingpreferencesorcallinghabits.

Infact,it’slikelysomeofthesethingshavealreadyhappenedtoyou.Whowould

watchyouwithoutyourpermission?

Itmightbeaspouse,agirlfriend,amarketing

company,aboss,acoporacriminal.Whoeveritis,theywillseeyouinawayyounever

intendedtobeseen—the21stcenturyequivalentofbeingcaughtnaked.

Psychologiststellusboundariesarehealthy,thatit’simportanttorevealyourselfto

friends,familyandloversinstages,atappropriatetimes.Butfewboundariesremain.The

digitalbreadcrumbs（碎屑）youleaveeverywheremakeiteasyforstrangersto

reconstructwhoyouare,whereyouareandwhatyoulike.Insomecases,asimple

Googlesearchcanrevealwhatyouthink.Likeitornot,increasinglyweliveinaworld

whereyousimplecannotkeepasecret.

Thekeyquestionis:

Doesthatmatter?

WhenopinionpollsaskAmericansaboutprivacy,mostsaytheyareconcernedabout

losingit.Asurveyfoundanoverwhelmingpessimismaboutprivacy,with60percentof

respondentssayingtheyfeeltheirprivacyis“slippingaway,andthatbothersme.”

Butpeoplesayonethinganddoanother.OnlyatinyfractionofAmericanschange

anybehaviorsinanefforttopreservetheirprivacy.Fewpeopleturndownadiscountat

tollbooths（收费站）toavoidusingtheEZ-Passsystemthatcantrackautomobile

movements.Andfewturndownsupermarketloyaltycards.Privacyeconomist

AlessandroAcquistihasrunaseriesofteststhatrevealpeoplewillsurrenderpersonal

informationlikeSocialSecuritynumbersjusttogettheirhandsonapitiful50-cents-off

coupon（优惠券）.

Butprivacydoesmatter–atleastsometimes.It’slikehealth:

Whenyouhaveit,you

don’tnoticeit.Onlywhenit’sgonedoyouwishyou’ddonemoretoprotectit.

62.Whatdoestheauthormeanbysaying“the21stcenturyequivalentofbeingcaught

naked”（Lines3-4,Para.2）?

A）People’spersonalinformationiseasilyaccessedwithouttheirknowledge.

B）Inthe21stcenturypeopletryeverymeanstolookintoothers’secrets.

C）Peopletendtobemorefrankwitheachotherintheinformationage.

D）Criminalsareeasilycaughtonthespotwithadvancedtechnology.

63.Whatwouldpsychologistsadviseontherelationshipsbetweenfriends?

A）FriendsshouldopentheirheartstoC）Thereshouldbeadistanceeven

eachother.betweenfriends.

B）FriendsshouldalwaysbefaithfultoD）Thereshouldbefewerdisputes

eachother.betweenfriends.

64.Whydoestheauthorsay“weliveinaworldwhereyousimplecannotkeepasecret”

（Line5,Para.3）?

A）Modernsocietyhasfinallyevolvedintoanopensociety.

B）Peopleleavetracesaroundwhenusingmoderntechnology.

C）Therearealwayspeoplewhoarecuriousaboutothers’affairs.

D）Manysearchenginesprofitbyrevealingpeople’sidentities.

65.WhatdomostAmericansdowithregardtoprivacyprotection?

A）Theychangebehaviorsthatmightdisclosetheiridentity.

B）Theyusevariousloyaltycardsforbusinesstransactions.

C）TheyrelymoreandmoreonelectronicD）Theytalkalotbuthardlydoanything

devices.aboutit.

66.Accordingtothepassage,privacyislikehealthinthat________.

A）peoplewillmakeeveryefforttokeepit

woman.

B）itsimportanceisrarelyunderstood

Therearemanyreasonsfor

C）itissomethingthatcaneasilybelost

D）peopledon’tcherishituntiltheyloseit

this-typically,mentakemorerisksthan

womanandaremorelikelytodrinkand

smokebutperhapsmoreimportantly,

mendon’tgotothedoctor.

“Menaren’tseeingdoctorsasoften

2.PassageOne

astheyshould,”saysDr.Gullotta,“This

Questions57to61arebasedonthe

isparticularlysofortheover-40s,when

followingpassage.

diseasestendtostrike.”

Ifyouareamaleandyouarereading

Gullottasaysahealthymanshould

this,congratulations:

youarea

visitthedoctoreveryyearortwo.For

survivor.Accordingtostatistics.youare

thoseover45,itshouldbeatleastoncea

morethantwiceaslikelytodieofskin

year.

cancerthanawoman,andninetimes

TwomonthsagoGullottasawa

morelikelytodieofAIDS.Assumingyou

50-year-oldmawhohaddelayeddoing

makeittotheendofyournaturalterm,

anythingabouthissmoker’scoughfora

about78yearsformeninAustralia,you

year.

willdieonaveragefiveyearsbeforea

“WhenIfinallysawhimithadalready

spreadandhehassincediedfromlungRegularcheck-upsformenwould

cancer”hesays,“Earlierdetectionandinevitablyplacestrainonthepublicpurse,

treatmentmaynothavecuredhim,butitCartmillsays.”Butpreventionischeaper

wouldhaveprolongedthislife”inthelongrunthanhavingtotreatthe

Accordingtoarecentsurvey,95%ofdiseases.Besides,theultimatecostisfar

womenagedbetween15andearly40sgreater:

itiscalledprematuredeath.”

seeadoctoronceayear,comparedto57.Whydoestheauthorcongratulatehis

70%ofmeninthesameagegroup.malereadersatthebeginningofthe

“Alotofmenthinktheyareinvinciblepassage?

（不可战胜的）”Gullottasays“TheyonlyA.Theyaremorelikelytosurviveserious

comeinwhenafrienddropsdeadonthediseasestoday.

golfcourseandtheythink”Geez,ifitB.Theiraveragelifespanhasbeen

couldhappentohim.considerablyextended.

Thenthereistheostrichapproach,”C.Theyhavelivedlongenoughtoread

somemenarescaredofwhatmightbethisarticle.

thereandwouldrathernotknow,”saysD.Theyaresuretoenjoyalongerand

Dr.RossCartmill.happierlive.

“Mostmengettheircarsserviced58.Whatdoestheauthorstateisthemost

moreregularlythantheyservicetheirimportantreasonmendiefiveyears

bodies,”Cartmillsays.Hebelievesmostearlieronaveragethanwomen?

diseasesthatcommonlyaffectmencouldA.mendrinkandsmokemuchmorethan

beaddressedbyprev