英语专四真题及参考答案.docx
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英语专四真题及参考答案
2018英语专业四级考试真题及参考答案
PARTIIILANGUAGEUSAGE
11.TheBentPyramidoutsideCairo__________ancientEgypt'sfirstattemptto
buildasmooth-sidedpyramid.
A.hasbeenbelievedtohavebeen
B.wasbelievedtobe
C.isbelievedtohavebeen
D.isbelievedtobe
12.U.S.News____________rankingsofcollegessince1983.Theyareavery
popularresourceforstudentslookingtoapplytouniversitycampus.
A.maintains
B.ismaintaining
C.maintained
D.hasbeenmaintaining
A.actually
B.accidentally
C.otherwise
D.seldom
14.Shewasonceayoungcountrywifewithchickensinthebackyardandaview
of_____________mountainsbehindtheappleorchard.
A.bluehazyVirginia
B.hazyblueVirginia
1/13
C.Virginiahazyblue
D.Virginiabluehazy
15.Ilongtoalleviate__________,butIcannot.
A.theevil
B.evil
C.evils
D.anevil
16.Indeed,itisarguablethatbodyshatteringistheverypointoffootball,as
killingandmaiming______________.
A.war
B.arewar
C.ofwar
D.areofwar
17.At____________,photographyisachemicalprocess,duringwhicha
light-sensitivematerialisalteredwhenexposedtolight.
A.itsmostbasic
B.itsbasic
C.themostbasic
D.thebasic
18.Shehiredalawyertoinvestigate,onlytolearnthatGabrielhadremovedher
namefromthedeed.Theinfinitiveverbphrase“onlytolearn”isused__________.
A.toexpressanintendedpurpose
B.toindicateahighdegreeofpossibility
2/13
C.torevealanundesirableconsequence
D.todramatizeastatedfact
19.WhichofthefollowingitalicizedwordsDOESNOTcarrythemetaphorical
meaning?
A.Iwonderwhat'sbehindthischangeofplan.
B.Jimturnedtospeaktothepersonstandingbehindhim.
C.Thisworkshouldhavebeenfinishedyesterday.I'mgettingterriblybehind.
D.IsupposeI'mluckybecausemyparentswerebehindmealltheway.
20.Mymotherwasdeterminedtohelpthoseinneedandshewouldhavebeen
immenselyproudofwhathasbeenachievedtheselast20years.Theitalicizedpartin
thesentenceexpresses_______.
A.ahypothesis
B.asuggestion
C.acontradiction
D.asurprise
21.WhenthepoliceofficerswhotookpartintheKingbeatingwerefirst
broughtto___________,theirlawyersusedthevideotapeasevidenceagainstthe
prosecution.
A.justice
B.testimony
C.trial
D.verdict
A.Questionably
3/13
B.Arguably
C.Contentiously
D.Debatably
23.Priceshaverecentlyriseninorderto__________theincreasedcostofraw
materials.
A.cut
B.buoy
C.offer
D.offset
24.Thecelebritysaysincourtpapersshe“hasno__________ofgivingany
authorizationtoanyonetoproceedwithadivorce.”
B.recording
C.recollection
D.recognition
25.Whatactually__________agoodangle—oragoodselfieoverall—is
rootedinwhatweconsiderbeautiful.
A.consists
B.constitutes
D.constructs
26.Theschoolisgoingthe________miletocreatethenextgenerationof
sportingstarsthankstoitsuniquedevelopmentprogram.
A.final
B.further
4/13
C.supplementary
D.extra
27.Theteachers'union_________alawsuitagainstthedistrictcallingfor
repairing“deplorable”schoolconditions.
A.fired
B.filed
C.fined
D.filled
28.LastMarchthe__________ofa19thcenturycargoshipwasfoundbyan
underwaterarchaeologicalteam.
A.debris
B.ruins
C.remains
D.wreck
29.She'swornhisdesignson__________occasionsfromredcarpetstomovie
premieres.
A.countless
B.countable
C.numerical
D.numeral
A.oceangoing
B.oceanic
C.marine
5/13
D.maritime
PARTIVCLOZE
F.kindG.mannerH.mercifullyI.oneJ.obey
K.renownedL.subscribeM.unknownN.virtueO.
widespread
Theimpressiveaspectoftheruleforreciprocationandthesenseofobligation
thatgoeswithitisitspervasivenessinhumanculture.Itissowidespreadthatafter
intensivestudy,sociologistssuchasAlvinGoldenercanreportthatthereisnohuman
societythatdoesnotsubscribetotherule.
PARTVREADINGCOMPREHENSION
SECTIONAMULTIPLECHOICEQUESTIONS
Inthissectiontherearethreepassagesfollowedbytenmultiplechoice
questions.Foreachmultiplechoicequestion,therearefoursuggestedanswers
markedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatyouthinkisthebestanswerandmark
youranswersonANSWERSHEETTWO.
PASSAGEONE
（1）TheearliestsettlerscametotheNorthAmericancontinenttoestablish
coloniesthatwerefreefromthecontrolsthatexistedinEuropeansocieties.They
wantedtoescapethecontrolsplacedontheirlivesbykingsandgovernments,priests
andchurches,noblemenandaristocrats.Thehistoricdecisionsmadebythosefirst
settlershavehadaprofoundeffectontheshapingoftheAmericancharacter.By
limitingthepowerofthegovernmentandthechurchesandeliminatingaformal
aristocracy,theycreatedaclimateoffreedomwheretheemphasiswasonthe
individual.IndividualfreedomisprobablythemostbasicofalltheAmericanvalues.
Byfreedom,Americansmeanthedesireandtheabilityofallindividualstocontrol
theirowndestinywithoutoutsideinterferencefromthegovernment,arulingnoble
class,thechurch,oranyotherorganizedauthority.
6/13
（2）Thereis,however,apricetobepaidforthisindividualfreedom:
self-reliance.
ItmeansthatAmericansbelievetheyshouldstandontheirownfeet,achievingboth
financialandemotionalindependencefromtheirparentsasearlyaspossible,usually
byage18or21.
（3）Asecondimportantreasonwhyimmigrantshavetraditionallybeendrawnto
theUnitedStatesisthebeliefthateveryonehasaequalchancetoenteraraceand
succeedinthegame.BecausetitlesofnobilitywereforbiddenintheConstitution,no
formalclasssystemdevelopedintheU.S.
（6）Americanspayaprice,however,fortheirmaterialwealth:
hardwork.Hard
workhasbeenbothnecessaryandrewardingformostAmericansthroughouttheir
history.Insomeways,materialpossessionsareseenasevidenceofpeople'sabilities.
BarryGoldwater,acandidateforthepresidencyin1964,saidthatmostpoorpeople
arepoorbecausetheydeservetobe.MostAmericanswouldfindthisaharsh
statement,butmanymightthinktherewassometruthinit.
（7）ThesebasicvaluesdonottellthewholestoryoftheAmericancharacter.
Rather,theyshouldbethoughtofasthemes,aswecontinuetoexploremorefacets
oftheAmericancharacterandhowitaffectslifeintheUnitedStates.
41.Para.4seemstosuggestthat__________.
42.Whichofthefollowingmethodsdoestheauthormainlyuseinexplaining
Americanvalues?
A.Comparison
D.Causeandeffect
C.Definition
D.Processanalysis
PASSAGETWO
（1）TheNobelsaretheoriginals,ofcourse.AlfredNobel,themanwhoinvented
deadlyexplosives,decidedtotryanddosomethinggoodwithallthemoneyhe
7/13
earned,andgaveprizestopeoplewhomadeprogressinliterature,science,
economicsand—perhapsmostimportantly—peace.
（2）NotallrewardsareasnobleastheNobels.Eventhoughmostcountrieshave
asystemofrecognizing,honoringandrewardingpeoplewhohavedonesomething
goodintheircountries,therearenowhundredsofawardsandawardceremoniesfor
allkindsofthings.
（3）TheOscarsareprobablythemostfamous,atimeforthe（mostly）American
filmindustrytotellitselfhowgooditisandanannualopportunityforlotsofbigstars
togiveeachotherawardsandmaketearfulspeeches.Aswellasthattherearealso
theGoldenGlobes,evidentlyforthesamething.
（5）Awardsdon'tonlyexistforarts.TherearenowawardsforSportsPersonality
oftheYear,forEuropeanFootballeroftheYearandWorldFootballeroftheYear.
Thisseemsverystrange—sometimesawardscanbegoodtogiverecognitionto
peoplewhodeserveit,ortohelppeoplewhodon'tmakealotofmoneycarryon
theirworkwithoutworryingaboutfinances,butprofessionalsoccerplayersthese
dayscertainlyaren'tshortofcash!
（7）Whyhavealltheseawardsandceremoniesappearedrecently?
Shakespeare
neverwonaprize,nordidLeonardoDaVinciorAdamSmithorCharlesDickens.
（9）Perhapsawardceremoniesarejustthemostrecentphaseofthisprocess.
（10）However,thereismoretoitthanthat.WhenafilmwinsanOscar,many
morepeoplewillgoandseeit,orbuytheDVD.WhenawriterwinstheNobelPrize,
manymorepeoplebuytheirbooks.WhenagroupwinstheMTVawards,the
ceremonyisseenbyhundredsofthousandsofpeopleacrosstheworld.Theresult?
Thegroupsellslotsmorerecords.
（12）Onthesurface,itseemstobea“Win-win”situation,witheveryonebeing
happy,butletmeaskyouaquestion—howfardoyouthinkthatpublicityand
marketingarewinninghere,andhowmuchgenuinerecognitionofachievementis
takingplace?
8/13
43.Whatistheauthor'stonewhenhementionsawardssuchastheOscars,the
GoldenGlobesandGrammies（Paras.3&4）
A.Amused.
B.Appreciative.
C.Sarcastic.
D.Serious.
44.AccordingtoPara.4,whatwouldhappentoawardwinningwriters?
A.Theywouldenjoyamuchlargerreadership.
B.Theywouldturntopopularnovelwriting.
C.Theywouldcontinuenon-fictionwriting.
D.Theywouldtrycontroversialformsofart.
45.WhichofthefollowingstatementsbestsumsupPara.6?
A.Awardsceremoniesareheldforlocalpeople.
B.Awardsceremoniesareheldonimportantoccasions.
C.Awardsceremoniesareheldincertainprofessions.
D.Awardsceremoniesareheldforallsortsofreasons.
46.AccordingtoPara.
升级会员 