实例讲解初中英语完形填空+解题技巧+实例+答案.docx
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实例讲解初中英语完形填空+解题技巧+实例+答案
初中完型填空题解题技巧
一、完形填空的特点是什么?
完形填空是一种旨在考查考生的阅读能力、逻辑推理及分析归纳、综合判断能力的典型
题,难易程度与初中教材相当,词数在180-250左右。
文中平均每隔25个词左右设一空。
人
名、地名、日期等不在设空之列。
隔词数越少,题目越难;反之亦然。
文体多以记叙文为主,首句通常不设空。
考查内容集中在对名词、动词、代词、形容词和副词等实词的理解上。
完形填空考查的就是你能否在缺字,不认得字、词语的情况下,能否通过推理判断、综合分析等全面理解文章的正确意思,然后把答案填入空白处,使短文前后连贯、意思通顺、结构完整合理。
它的一个显著特点就是突出语篇,即重在文意的干扰,
把具体的语言知识融进具体的语言情境中去,考查学生通过上下文对整体文意进行把握的能力。
二、完形填空题的设置方法
1.句子层次的设空(从词汇、惯用法,语法规则的实际应用方面进行设计)
指那些只需读懂“空格”所在句子便可选出答案的题目,包括词义识别,同义词辨析,
英语惯用法,语法规则的实际应用。
例1:
Whenyoutakeyourclothesoff,rememberto86.Getintothehabitof(养成…的习惯)takingglassesandplatesdowntothekitchen.Beforelongyou'IIbedoingitwithoutthinking.
()86.A.hangthemupB.leavethemaloneC.putthemonD.throwthemaway
例2:
OnlyMother'sLoveistruelove.Shegivesyoueverythingallherlife.Whenyouareababy,motherlooksafteryou16.Inyourwakinghoursshealwaysholdsyouinherarms.Whenyouareill,she17herworkrightawaytolookafteryou.Whenyouaregrowingup,shefeels18.
(
)16.A.careful
B.carefully
C.good
D.
badly
(
)17.A.does
B.goeson
C.stops
D.
likes
(
)18.A.sad
B.silly
C.upset
D.
happy
2.
句群层次的设空
(从语篇角度综合测试考生的阅读理解能力
)
指根据上下文的内容,经过推理判断可以得到答案的题目。
这种题目相对较难,但只要你能根据上下文的内容进行考虑,一定能选出正确的答案。
1前制性设空:
即根据上文有关内容即可确定答案的题目。
例1:
ItwasanEnglishspeechcontest.Mymotheraskedmetotakepartinit.Whataterribleidea!
ItmeantIhadtoinfrontofalltheteachersandstudentsofmyschool!
A.writeB.speakC.singD.dance例2:
Sometimesyoumaynotunderstandyourprents.Oneminutethey'refriendly,thenextminutethey'reshoutingndscreaming(尖叫)loudlyenoughforthewholestreettohear.Sowhomakesthemso85.You,probably!
()85.A.friendlyB.lonelyC.changeableD.comfortable(舒适的)
2后制性设空:
指那些需要根据下文内容才能选出正确答案的题目,即在下文某处有提示。
例1:
Nobodyhiminthevillage.Onedayhesaidtothem,“Iknowyoudon'tlikeme
A.believedB.likedC.hatedD.knew
例2:
Countrymusiccomesfromkindsofmusic.Oneisthetraditionalmusicoftallmountain
peopleintheeasternUnitedStates.TheotheristraditionalcowboymusicfromtheAmericanWest.
A.manyB.allC.twoD.three
Eventhoughyoumaynotrealize(意识至U)it,yourparentshaveboughtyoumanyclothes.Butthey'renotbuyingthemselvesnewthingseveryweek,arethey?
Thesimpletruthisthattherearemore87thingstospendmoneyon,liketheelectricity电)billandfood.
()87.A.interestingB.difficultC.importantD.surprising
3.语篇性设空(从语篇角度综合测试考生的阅读理解能力)
指那些需要联系全文的情境、内容才能确定正确答案的设空。
这种题目难度较高,需要
我们在全面理解文章的正确意思下才能做出正确的选择,这种题目主要用于拉开优秀生与其他学生的分数,但题目不会太多。
例:
Sometimesyoumaynotunderstandyourparents.You-mightnotwanttoeat,butthinkofit
fromtheparents
'pointofview.Ifyoucfcwkmealsaday,itmeans730mealsayear.Canyouimaginehowboringthiscanget?
Imaginehowyourparentsfeelwhenyousayyou'renotreally
hungry.90,yourparentsareprobablyworriedthatyouaren'teatingenough.
()90.A.InadditionB.InreturnC.AtmostD.Atlast
三、完形填空解题步骤与要领
第一步:
细读首句,跳过空格,通读全文,掌握大意
厂细读首句:
明确短文话题,了解篇章结构,预测全文内容。
-跳过空格,快速通读,领会大意,把握中心。
L生词的处理;跳过、判断词性、了解大意、猜测。
第二步:
上下联系,逐句阅读,先易后难,初定答案。
厂答案要求语法正确,搭配无误,结构完整,意思通顺,前后一致,逻辑得当。
怎样分析:
「A.从空格所在的句子单独考虑。
思路一
思路二
思路三J思路四
三B.从空格所在的前后2-3句考虑。
jC.从整个段落、整篇短文考虑。
分析句子结构,从语法和句型结构考虑。
理解句子含义,判断句义关系,从词汇的意义、用法和搭配考虑。
把握整体意思,寻找答题线索,从上下文考虑。
结合前后语境,进行逻辑推理,从日常生活常识考虑。
第三步:
复读全文,逐个核对,验证答案,坚定信心。
▲怎样验证答案:
厂①所选答案是否能使全文流畅,逻辑推理是否正确。
2具体实事是否成立,前后关系是否理顺。
3语法是否正确,其中包括时态的选择、词汇选择、固定搭配等。
-④在通读全文时最好在可能的条件下将所选答案填入文章中,反复阅读。
四、具体的解题方法与技巧
在解题时,除了运用“前制性设空”、“后制性设空”和“语篇性设空”的知识进行解题外,还有下面三种方法与技巧可供参考。
(1)语意第一,语法第二原则。
根据文化背景和生活常识,利用上下文线索,分析并列句
的因果关系,可以选出正确答案。
例1:
Ayoungfatherwasvisitinganoldneighbor.Theywerestandingintheoldman'sgardenandtalking
about.
A.treesB.flowersC.childrenD.oldpeople
【点拨】【Ayoungfatherwasvisitinganoldneighbor.Theywerestandingintheoldman'sgarden,andtalking
about.Theyoungmansaid,"Howstrictshouldparentsbewiththeirchildren?
】
例2:
LittleTomwonderedwhatwouldhappentotheeggs.Twoweekslater,littleTomfoundsomechicksoutoftheshells蛋壳).
A.walked
B.ran
C.jumped
D.struggled
例3:
IttookCharlieMuiseveralmonthstosaveupsevendollars.
Hewantedtoamodelplaneandwent
totheshopwiththemoney
A.sell
B.buy
C.hold
D.bring
(2)语法正确,注意细节的原则。
在语意正确的前题下,还要根据学过的语法知识,词语辨析、习惯用法、固定搭配等方面选择正确答
案。
如:
例1:
Onenightthedogbegantobarksuddenly.ItmadeMrErens
(3)从语法方面,根据所给答案的不同词类,从不同角度分别考虑选择。
a名词的选择,应联系文章主题及空格前后出现的有关词,注意其性和数的一致。
b.动词的选择,要注意词义和惯用搭配,还要区分近义词之间的用法差异及所给词的形式。
考虑动词的时态、语态和是否是要填入非谓语动词。
c.介词的选择,应注意其惯用法,特别是与动词或其他词组成的固定搭配。
d.代词的选择,要注意性(男或女)、数(单复数)、格(主格、宾格、形代、名代)是否准确。
e.连词的选择,要注意分析前后句或上下文的逻辑关系。
f.形容词和副词的选择,要注意词义的区别,用于比较时,还要注意比较级和最高级等。
例如:
Amanandhiswifehadasmallbar(酒吧)nearastation.Theyoftenworkedlateintothenight,①
__peoplecametodrinktherewhiletheywere②trains.Attwoo'clockonemorning,onemanwas
stillatatableinthesmallbar.Hewasasleep.Thebarman'swifewantedtoleave.Shelooked_③__thebar
severaltimes,andeachtimethemanwas④__there,Thenatlastshewenttoherhusbandandsaidto
him,"You⑤thatmansixtimes,George,⑥__heisn'tdrinkinganything?
"?
①A.assoonas
B.because
C.so
D.though
②A.catchingupwith
B.gettingon
C.lookingafter
D.waitingfor
③A.at
B.for
C.into
D.outof
④A.always
B.often
C.still
D.already
⑤A.havewoken
B.wake
C.hadwoken
D.willwake
⑥A.and
B.but
C.yet
D.too
五、【实例讲解】
【例1】LastyearIboughtsomeflowerpots花盆).Ididn't__41__thematonce.Oneday,Iwent
toashop__42someflowerseeds种子).ThenIputthemintoapotwithsoil(土壤)and
wateredthem.Forafewdays,43happened.Iwentonwatching.Onthe44day,I
finallysawtheseedsdevelopandfeltso45.
Ourlifeissometimeslikean46flowerpotwithnothinginside.Ourdaysarefilledwith
lotsofdifferentthings.Weusuallydon'tdothem47wethinkthey'renotveryi
But48wefindthatsomeimportantthingsaregone.Thosethingsweloseinlifeareseedsof
hope,loveanddreams.
Plantingfuninheartsisjustlike__49flowers.Theseedsoffuninheartswilldevelopastheseedsofflowers.SoifIplant__50__ofhope,Icanexpectsomethingwonderful.(2012年昆明市学业水平考试)——
(
)41.A.make
B.use
C.buy
(
)42.A.for
B.by
C.without
(
)43.A.everything
B.something
C.nothing
(
)44.A.tenth
B.ten
C.twelve
(
)45.A.worried
B.happy
C.tired
(
)46.A.big
B.colorful
C.empty
(
)47.A.so
B.that
C.because
(
)48.A.when
B.after
C.later
()49.A.keepingB.growingC.watering
()50.A.seedsB.soilC.pots
【例2】Differentthingsusuallystandfordifferentfeelings.Red,forexample,isthecoloroffire,heat,bloodandlife.Peoplesayredisanexcitingandactivecolor.Theyassociate(使发生联系)redwithastrongfeelinglike1_.Redisusedforsignsof2,suchasSTOPsignsandfireengines.Orangeisthebright,warmcolorof
3_inautumn.Peoplesayorangeisa4color.Theyassociateorangewithhappiness.Yellowisthecolorof
5.Peoplesayitisacheerfulcolor.Theyassociateyellowtoo,withhappiness.Greenisthecoolcolorofgrass
in6.Peoplesayitisarefreshingcolor.Ingeneral,people7twogroupsofcolors:
warmcolorsandcool
colors.Thewarmcolorsarered,orangeand8.Wheretherearewarmcolorandalotoflight,peopleusually
wanttobe9.Thosewholiketobewith_10likered.Thecoolcolorsare_11andblue.Whereare
thesecolors,peopleareusuallyworried.Somescientistssaythattimeseemsto_12_moreslowlyinaroomwithwarmcolors.Theysuggestthatawarmcolorisagood_13_foralivingroomora_14_.Peoplewhoarehavingarestorareeatingdonotwanttimetopassquickly.__1_5colorsarebetterforsomeofficesifthe
peopleworkingtherewanttimetopassquickly.
(
)1.A.sadness
B.anger
C.administration
D.smile
(
)2.A.roads
B.ways
C.danger
D.places
(
)3.A.land
B.leaves
C.grass
D.mountains
(
)4.A.lively
B.dark
C.noisy
D.frightening
(
)5.A.moonlight
B.light
C.sunlight
D.stars
(
)6.A.summer
B.spring
C.autumn
D.winter
(
)7.A.speak
B.say
C.talkabout
D.tell
(
)8.A.green
B.yellow
C.white
D.gray
(
)9.A.calm
B.sleepy
C.active
D.helpful
(
)10.A.theother
B.another
C.otherone
D.others
(
)11.A.black
B.green
C.golden
D.yellow
(
)12.A.goround
B.goby
C.gooff
D.goalong
(
)13.A.one
B.way
C.fact
D.matter
(
)14.A.factory
B.classroom
C.restaurant
D.hospital
(
)15.A.Different
B.Cool
C.Warm
D.All
完形填空专题练习
练习题
(1)
buttherewas
WhenIwasfifteenIwenttoasummercamp.Therewerelotsofgreat90
onethingIwasreallyscared(害怕)about:
climbingthewall.
Thewallisakindofrockthatpeopleusetolearnhowtoclimb.Itisverytall.Wewereallsupposedtoclimbthewall,butIknewIcouldn'tgettothetopbecau^ights.Iwas
ashamedandIdidn'twantanyonetoknowthatIwasscared.Ithoughttheywouldalllaughatme.I
practicedmyexcuse:
“I'mnotscared,yowufowpmvertigo(患眩晕症).”
Thedaycame.Itwastimetoclimbthewall.Thesunwasshiningbuteveryonewasveryquietthatmorning.Itookphotographsatthebottomofthewallandtriedto92.Everyoneinthegroupwentup.Thenthemomentcame.Itwasmyturn.IwassoscaredthatallIcouldthinkabout
wasmyexcuse.Someonesaid,“ShallItakeyourcamera?
”andIanswered,“I'mnotsknow.Isufferfromvertigo”93TheasthatIwasmorethanscared,Iwasterrified(吓坏了).
twantto
Thecampl