整理TPO6 文本标注沉诗萌.docx

整理TPO6 文本标注沉诗萌.docx

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整理TPO6文本标注沉诗萌

TPO6

Passage1

Conversation1

Narrator

Listentoaconversationbetweenastudentandanemployeeintheuniversity’scareerservicesoffice.

Student

Hi,doyouhaveaminute?

Employee

Sure,howcanIhelpyou?

Student

Ihaveacoupleofquestionsaboutthecareerfairnextweek.（Q1）

Employee

OK,shoot.

Student

Um...well,areseniorstheonlyoneswhocango?

（Q1）Imean,youknow,theyarefinishingschoolthisyearandgettingtheirdegreesandeverything.And,well,itseemslikebusinesseswouldwannatalktothemandnotfirstyearstudentslikeme.（Q2）

Employee

No,no,thecareerfairisopenedtoallourstudentsandweencourageanyonewho’sinterestedtogocheckitout.

Student

Well,that’sgoodtoknow.

Employee

You’veseentheflyersandpostersaroundcampus,Iassume.

Student

Sure,can’tmissthem.Imean,theyallsaywhereandwhenthefairis,justnotwhoshouldattend.

Employee

Actuallytheydo,butit’sinthesmallprint.Uh,weshouldprobablymakethatparteasiertoreach,shouldn’twe?

I’llmakeanoteofthatrightnow.（Q3）So,doyouhaveanyotherquestions?

Student

Yes,actuallyIdonow.Um...sinceI’donlybegoingtofamiliarizemyselfwiththeprocess,youknow,checkitout,IwaswonderingifthereisanythingyouwouldrecommendthatIdotoprepare.

Employee

That’sactuallyaverygoodquestion.Well,asyouknow,thecareerfairisgenerallyanopportunityforlocalbusinessestorecruitnewemployees,andforsoon-to-begraduatestohaveinterviewswithseveralcompaniestheymightbeinterestedinworkingfor.Now,inyourcase,eventhoughyouwouldn’tbelookingforemploymentrightnow,itstillwouldn’thurtforyoutopreparemuchlikeyouwouldifyouwerelookingforajob.

Student

Youmean,likegetmyresumetogetherandwearasuit?

Employee

That’sagiven.Iwasthinkingmorealongthelinesofdoingsomeresearch.Theflyersandposterslistallthebusinessesthataresendingrepresentativestothecareerfair.Um...what’syourmajorordoyoutohaveoneyet?

Student

Well,Ihaven’tdeclaredamajoryet,butI’mstronglyconsideringaccounting.See,that’spartofthereasonIwannagotothefair,tohelpmedecideifthat’swhatIreallywanttostudy.

Employee

That’sverywise.Well,Isuggestthatyougetonthecomputerandlearnmoreabouttheaccountingcompaniesinparticularthatwouldbeattending.（Q4B）Youcanlearnalotaboutcompaniesfromtheirinternetwebsites.Thenpreparealistofquestions.（Q4C）

Student

Questions,hmm…so,inaway,I’llbeinterviewingthem?

Employee

That’sonewayoflookingatit.Thinkaboutitforasecond.Whatdoyouwanttoknowaboutworkingforanaccountingfirm?

Student

Well,thereisthejobitself,andsalaryofcourse,andworkingconditions,Imean,wouldIhaveanoffice,orwouldIworkinabigroomwithazillionotheremployees,and…andmaybeaboutopportunitiesforadvancement.

Employee

See?

Those’reallimportantthingstoknow.Afteryoudosomeresearch,you’llbeabletotailoryourquestionstotheparticularcompanyyouaretalkingto.

Student

Wow,I’mgladIcamebyhere.So,itlookslikeI’vegotsomeworktodo.（Q5）

Employee

Andifyouplanonattendingfuturecareerfairs,Irecommendyousignupforoneofourinterviewworkshops.

Student

I’lldothat.

Passage2

Lecture1-Economics（“BoomandBust”Cycle）

Narrator

Listentopartofalectureinaneconomicsclass.

Professor

NowwhenImentiontheterms“boomandbust”,whatdoesthatbringtomind?

Student

Thedot-comcrashofthe‘90s.

Professor

Ok.Theboominthelate1990swhenallthosenewInternetcompaniessprangupandwerethensoldforhugeamountsofmoney.Thenthebustaround2000…2001whenmanyofthosesameInternetcompanieswentoutofbusiness.Ofcourse,boomsaren’talwaysfollowedbybusts.We’vecertainlyseentimeswhenlocaleconomiesexpandedrapidlyforawhileandthenwentbacktoanormalpaceofgrowth.

But,there’satypeofrapidexpansion,whatmightbecalledahystericalorirrationalboomthatprettymuchalwaysleadstoabust.See,peopleoftencreateandintensifyaboomwhentheygetcarriedawaybysomenewindustrythatseemslikeitwillmakethemlotsofmoneyfast.（Q6）You’dthinkthatbythe90s,peoplewouldhavelearnedfromthepast.Iftheydid,well,lookattulips.（Q7）

Student

Tulips?

Youmeanliketheflower?

Professor

Exactly.Forinstance,doyouhaveanyideawheretulipsarefrom?

OriginallyImean.

Student

Well,theNetherlands,right?

Professor

That’swhatmostpeoplethink,butno.TheyarenotnativetotheNetherlands,orevenEurope.TulipsactuallyhailfromanareathatChinesecalltheCelestialMountainsinCentralAsia.Averyremotemountainousregion.（Q8）ItwasTurkishnomadswhofirstdiscoveredtulipsandspreadthemslowlywestward.

Now,aroundthe16thcentury,EuropeansweretravelingtoIstanbulandTurkeyasmerchantsanddiplomats.AndtheTurksoftengavetheEuropeanstulipbulbsasgiftswhichtheywouldcarryhomewiththem.FortheEuropeans,tulipsweretotallyunheardof.Er…agreatnovelty.（Q9）ThefirstbulbtoshowupintheNetherlands,themerchantwhoreceivedthemroastedandatethem!

Hethoughttheywerekindofonion.（Q9）

ItturnsoutthattheNetherlandswasanidealcountryforgrowingtulips.Ithadtherightkindofsandysoilforonething,butalso,itwasawealthynationwithagrowingeconomy,willingtospendlotsofmoneyonnewexoticthings.Plus,theDutchhadahistoryofgardening.Wealthypeoplewouldcompete,spendingenormousamountsofmoneytobuytherarestflowersfortheirgardens.（Q10A）Soontulipswerebeginningtoshowupindifferentcolorsasgrowerstriedtobreedthemspecificallyforcolorswhichwouldmakethemevenmorevaluable.Buttheywerenevercompletelysurewhattheywouldget.Someofthemostprizedtulipswerewhitewithpurplestreaks,orredwithyellowstreaksonthepetals,evenadarkpurpletulipthatwasverymuchprized.

Whathappenedthenwasacrazeforthesespecializedtulips.Wecalledthatcraze“tulipmania”.So,herewe’vegotalltheconditionsforanirrationalboom:

aprosperingeconomy,somorepeoplehadmoredisposableincome-moneytospendonluxuries,（Q10B）buttheyweren’texperiencedatinvestingtheirnewwealth.Thenalongcomesathrillingnewcommodity.Surethefirstspecimenswerejustplainoldredtulips,buttheycouldbebredintosomeextraordinaryvariations,likethedarkpurpletulip.Andfinally,youhaveanunregulatedmarketplace,nogovernmentconstraints,（Q10E）wherepricescouldexplode.Andexplodetheydid,startinginthe1630s.

Therewasalwaysmuchmoredemandfortulipsthansupply.Tulipsdidn’tbloomfrequentlylikeroses.Tulipsbloomedonceintheearlyspring.Andthatwasitfortheyear.Eventually,specially-bredmulticoloredtulipsbecamesovaluable,well,accordingtorecords,onetulipbulbwasworth24tonsofwheat,orathousandpoundsofcheese.Oneparticulartulipbulbwassoldandexchangedforasmallship.Inotherwords,tulipswereliterallyworththeirweightingold.

Asdemandgrew,peoplebegansellingpromissorynotesguaranteeingthefuturedeliveryofprizedtulipbulbs.Thebuyersofthesepiecesofpaperwouldresellthenotesatmarkedupprices.Thesepromissorynoteskeptchanginghandsfrombuyertobuyeruntilthetulipwasreadyfordelivery.ButitwasallpurespeculationbecauseasIsaid,therewasnowaytoknowifthebulbwasreallygoingtoproducethevariety,thecolorthatwaspromised.Butthatdidn’tmattertotheownerofthenote.Theowneronlycaredabouthavingthatpieceofpapersoitcouldbetradedlaterataprofit.（Q11B）Andpeoplewereborrowing,mortgagingtheirhomesinmanycasestoobtainthosebitsofpaper（Q11C）becausetheyweresuretheyfoundaneasywaytomakemoney.

Sonow,you’vegotalltheingredientsforahugebust.Andbustitdid,whenonecoldFebruarymorningin1637,agroupofbulbtradersgottogetheranddiscoveredthatsuddenlytherewerenobidders.Nobodywantedtobuy.Panicspreadlikewildfireandthetulipmarketcollapsedtotally.

Passage3

Lecture2-Biology（NightcapOak）

Narrator

Listentopartofalectureinabiologyclass.

Professor

Ok,Ihaveaninterestingplantspeciestodiscusswithyoutoday.Uh…it’saspeciesofaveryraretreethatgrowsinAustralia,Eidotheahardeniana,butit’sbetterknownastheNightcapOak.

Now,itwasdiscoveredonlyveryrecently,justafewyearsago.Um…itremainedhiddenforsolongbecauseit’ssorare.Thereareonlyabout200oftheminexistence.Theygrowinarainforest,inamountainrage…rangeinthenorthpartofNewSouthWaleswhichisuh…astateinAustralia.Sojust200individualtreesinall.（Q12B）

NowanotherinterestingthingabouttheNightcapOakisthatitis…itrepresents…uh…averyoldtype…uh…kindoftreethatgrewahundredmillionyearsago.Um,wefoundfossilsthatoldthatbearremarkableresemblancetothetree.So,it’saprimitivetree.（Q13）A…alivingfossilyoumightsay.It’srelicfromearliertimesandithassurvivedalltheseyearswithoutmuchchange.Andit…it’sprobablyakindoftreefromwhichothertreesthatgrowinAustraliatodayevolved.

Justtogiveyouanideaofwhatwearetalkingabout.Here’sapictureoftheleavesofthetreeanditsflowers.Idon’tknowhowwellyoucanseetheflowers.They’rethoselittleclusterssittingatthebaseoftheleaves.

Okay,whathavewetriedtofindoutaboutthetreesincewe’vediscoveredit?

Hmm…orhow…whyis…isitsorare?

It’soneofthefirstquestions.Um…howisit…um…howdoesitreproduce?

It’sanotherquestion.Um,maybethosetwoquestionsareactuallyrelated.Jim?

（Q17）

Student

Hmm…I