版一轮优化探究英语北师大版练习必修五 Unit 15 Learning Word版含答案.docx

版一轮优化探究英语北师大版练习必修五 Unit 15 Learning Word版含答案.docx

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版一轮优化探究英语北师大版练习必修五Unit15LearningWord版含答案

模块达标检测（五）

限时：

100分钟

Ⅰ.阅读理解

A

Inbetweenrunningoneoftheworld'slargestcharitableagenciesandactingasMicrosoft'stechnologyadvisor，BillGatesmanagestofindtimetoreadbooks，bothlongandshort.NowGates—whohasbeenlabeleda“greedy”reader—hasreleasedalistofhisfavoritebooks.Allofthebooksarestandoutreads，accordingtothebillionaire，mostofwhicharefocusedonbusinessandeconomy.

HereareBill'stopfourpicks（withpartsofhisfullreviewofeachbook）．

BusinessAdventures，byJohnBrooks

Brooks'collectionwaspublishedin1969andremainsoneofGates'favorites.Herereaditagainthisyear，labelingitthebestbusinessbookhehaseverread.

“Shortlyafterwemet，WarrenBuffettlentmethiscollectionofbusinessarticlesfromTheNewYorkerfromthe1950sand1960s.Ilovedthemasmuchashedid.Brooks'insights（洞察力）intobusinesshaveagedbeautifully，andtheyareastruetodayasever.”

CapitalintheTwentyFirstCentury，byThomasPiketty

Piketty'snovelhittheshelvesinAugust2013andsparkedmuchdiscussionconcerningincomeinequalitythroughoutthisyear.GatesalsogottositdownwithPikettyhimselfafterreadingthenonfictionworktodiscussthetopic.

“AsItoldhim，althoughIhaveconcernsaboutsomeofhissecondarypointsandpolicyprescriptions，Iagreewithhismostimportantconclusions：

inequalityisagrowingproblemandgovernmentsshouldplayaroleinreducingit.”

HowAsiaWorks，byJoeStudwell

Studwell'swork，whichwaspublishedinMay2014，addresseshowcountriessuchasJapan，SouthKoreaandChinahavecontinuedtoachievehighgrowth，andwhyothercountrieshavefailedtodothesame.

“Theagriculturesectionofthebookwasparticularlyinsightful.ItprovidedamplefoodforthoughtformeaswellasthewholeAgricultureteamatourfoundation.AnditleftusthinkingaboutwhetherpartsoftheAsianmodelcanapplyinAfrica.”

MakingtheModernWorld：

MaterialsandDematerialization，byVaclavSmil

Smil'sbooksareaconstantfavoriteoftheMicrosoft'sfounder—oneofhisbooksmakesGates'listalmosteveryyear.“MakingtheModernWorld”cameoutlatein2013andexplorestheglobaluseofmaterials，fromsilicontowoodandplastic.

“Ifanyonetriestotellyouwe'reusingfewermaterials，sendhimthisbook.Withhisusualskepticismandhisloveofdata，Smilshowshowourabilitytomakethingswithfewermaterials—say，sodacansthatneedlessaluminum—makesthemcheaper，whichactuallyencouragesmoreproduction.”

[语篇解读]　本文介绍了比尔·盖茨喜欢阅读的四本关于商业和经济的书。

1．Thebooksmentionedinthetextareallabout______.

A．charityintheworld

B．businessandeconomy

C．povertyintheworld

D．BillGates'lifeexperience

解析：

细节理解题。

根据第一段的最后一句“Allofthebooksarestandoutreads，accordingtothebillionaire，mostofwhicharefocusedonbusinessandeconomy”可知，比尔·盖茨喜欢的这些书都是优秀读物，其中大部分书与商业和经济有关，故B项正确。

答案：

B

2．Ofthebooks，________isbestpraisedbyBillGates.

A．HowAsiaWorks

B．CapitalintheTwentyFirstCentury

C．BusinessAdventures

D．MakingtheModernWorld：

MaterialsandDematerialization

解析：

细节理解题。

根据第三段的第二句“Herereaditagainthisyear，labelingitthebestbusinessbookhehaseverread”可知，BusinessAdventures这本书是最受比尔·盖茨称赞的，故C项正确。

答案：

C

3．Gatesoncehadapersonaldiscussionwiththeauthorof________.

A．CapitalintheTwentyFirstCentury

B．BusinessAdventures

C．HowAsiaWorks

D．MakingtheModernWorld：

MaterialsandDematerialization

解析：

细节理解题。

根据第五段的第二句“GatesalsogottositdownwithPikettyhimselfafterreadingthenonfictionworktodiscussthetopic”可知，比尔·盖茨和CapitalintheTwentyFirstCentury这本书的作者坐下来交谈过，故A项正确。

答案：

A

4．InHowAsiaWorks，theauthoranalyses________.

A．whyAfricanagriculturecannotdevelopfast

B．howtheycanapplyAsianeconomicmodelinAfricancountries

C．whyAsiaisslowinagriculturaldevelopment

D．howsomeAsiancountrieshaverapidlygrownineconomy

解析：

细节理解题。

根据第七段中的“addresseshowcountriessuchasJapan，SouthKoreaandChinahavecontinuedtoachievehighgrowth”可知，HowAsiaWorks主要介绍了一些亚洲国家如日本、韩国和中国是如何快速发展经济的，故D项正确。

答案：

D

B

DidyouknowthatanoryxisanAfricanantelopewithstraighthorns?

Didyouknowthatanareteisamountainridgeformedbyglaciers?

Ifyouhappentobeapersonwholikescrosswordpuzzles，youwillprobablyrunintothesewordsandmanymorethatarejustasunusual.Ifnot，thenyoumayneverseethemagain.

IknewfromanearlyagethatIwantedtobeawriter，andIlovedtosolvecrosswordpuzzles.Perhapsitwasinevitable（必然的）thatIwouldbeginwritingmyownpuzzles.MyoriginalplanwastowritenovelsandwintheNobelPrizeforliterature，butthefirstthingsIevergotpublishedwerecrosswordpuzzles.

Constructingcrosswordpuzzlesisnotasdifficultasitseems，butitdoestakealotoftime.First，youhavetothinkofanidea，ortheme，forthepuzzle.Forexample，youmightdecidethatthepuzzlewillfocusonthenamesofstates，andthenyoubuildadiagram.

Onceyouhavethediagramandthethemewords，thenyoufillintherestofthewordsinthepuzzle.Sinceallthewordsmustfittogetheracrossanddown，youreallyneedtoknowsomeunusualwords.Forexample，let'ssayyouneedafiveletterword，andyouknowthemiddlelettershavetobeaia.Thewordcouldbenaiad，whichisthenameforafemalespiritinAncientGreekstories.Howoftendoyouthinkyouwouldseethatword?

Whenthewordshaveallbeenfilledin，thenyounumberthesquaresinthediagramandwriteaclue（线索）foreachword.

Afterseveralyearsofwritingcrosswordpuzzles，Ifinallydidstartwritingnovelsandstories.Butcrosswordsgotmestarted，andtheytaughtmeavastnumberofwordsthatImayneverseeagain.AsfortheNobelPrize?

Well，IdidusethewordNobelseveraltimesincrosswordpuzzles.

[语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。

钟爱设计字谜的作者通过字谜积累了大量词汇并逐渐开始写作。

5．Theunderlinedword“them”inParagraph1probablyrefersto________.

A．thewordsthatarerarelyused

B．thewordsthatarehardtoremember

C．thepuzzlesthatarenewlydesigned

D．thepuzzlesthataredifficulttosolve

解析：

篇章结构题。

由划线词前的youmayneversee可知，them指那些很少使用的词汇。

答案：

A

6．Whatdoestheauthorthinkofconstructingcrosswordpuzzles?

A．It'sextremelyhard.　B．It'stimeconsuming.

C．It'squitepopular.D．It'sfairlyeasy.

解析：

细节理解题。

由第三段中的Constructingcrosswordpuzzlesisnotasdifficultasitseems，butitdoestakealotoftime可知，设计字谜很耗时。

答案：

B

7．What'sthecorrectorderofdesigningacrosswordpuzzle?

A．Decideonasubject→Makeadrawing→Thinkofthewords→Giveclues→Markthenumber

B．Makeadrawing→Decideonasubject→Markthenumber→Thinkofthewords→Giveclues

C．Decideonasubject→Makeadrawing→Thinkofthewords→Markthenumber→Giveclues

D．Makeadrawing→Decideonasubject→Giveclues→Thinkofthewords→Markthenumber

解析：

细节理解题。

由第三段中的First，youhavetothinkofanidea，ortheme，forthepuzzle与thenyoubuildadiagram及第四段中的thenyoufillintherestofthewordsinthepuzzle与thenyounumberthesquaresinthediagramandwriteaclueforeachword可知，C项正确。

答案：

C

8．Howdoyoufindtheauthorfromthelastsentenceinthetext?

A．Stubborn.B．Optimistic.

C．Humorous.D．Disappointed.

解析：

推理判断题。

由第二段中的MyoriginalplanwastowritenovelsandwintheNobelPrizeforliterature及最后一句AsfortheNobelPrize？

Well，IdidusethewordNobelseveraltimesincrosswordpuzzles可知，作者是一个很幽默的人。

答案：

C

C

AnewstudybytheBritishgovernmenthasdiscoveredthementalhealthofthecountry'steenagegirlshasbecomeworse.

Thesurvey，whichincluded30,00014yearoldstudentsin2005and2014，showed37percentofgirlswithpsychologicalstress，upfrom34percentin2005.Britishboys'stresslevelwasactuallyseentofalloverthesametimeperiod，from17percentto15percent.

Thereport'sauthorspointedoutthe“adventofthesocialmediaage”couldbeamajorcontributingfactorforincreasedstressamongteenageBritishgirls.

“Theadolescentyearsareatimeofrapidphysical，cognitive（认知的）andemotionaldevelopment，”PamRamsden，alecturerinpsychologyattheUniversityofBradfordintheUnitedKingdom，wroteinarecentblogpost.“Teenagersinteractwithpeopleinordertolearnhowtobecomecompetent（有能力的）adults.Inthepast，theywouldengagewithparents，teachersandotheradultsintheircommunityaswellasextendedfamilymembersandfriends.Nowwecanalsoaddsocialmediatothatlistofsocialandemotionaldevelopment.”

Throughoutadolescence，girlsandboysdevelopcharacteristicslikeconfidenceandselfcontrol.Sinceteenagebrainshavenotcompletelydeveloped，teensdon'thavethecognitiveawarenessandimpulse（冲动）controltokeepfrompostinginappropriatecontent.Furthermore，thiscontentcaneasilybespreadfarandwidewithdisastrousinfluences.

Socialmediacanalsofeedintogirls'insecuritiesabouttheirappearance，Ramsdensaid.Thesesitesareoftenfilledwithimagesofpeoplewithbodytypeunattainabletothenormalperson.However，theseimagesandthemessagestiedtothemgraduallybecomesocietalstandards.

[语篇解读]　一项新研究发现，英国少女的心理健康状况变得更糟；分析表明，社交媒体时代的到来可能是造成英国少女心理压力加大的主要因素。

9．Thestatisticsinthesecondparagraphshowthat________.

A．moreandmorechildreninBritainhavementalhealthproblems

B．fewgirlsinBritainsufferedfrompsychologicalstressin2005

C．moreboysinBritainaresufferingfrommentalpressurenow

D．moreBritishgirlsfeelpsychologicallystressedthanboysdonow

解析：

推理判断题。

根据第二段的第一句可知，调查显示，2014年37%的英国少女有心理压力，而2005年只有34%；根据第二段的第二句可知，同期调查显示，英国少年有心理压力的从2005年的17%降到2014年的15%。

据此可以判断，英国少女有心理压力的比少年多，故D项正确。

答案：

D

10．Contrarytotraditionalwaysofinteraction，socialmedia________.

A．helpsteenagersdevelopqualitieslikeconfidenceandselfcontrol

B．hasmanynegativeeffectsongirls'characteristicdevelopment

C．makesteensawareofpotentialdangeroftheinappropriatecontent

D．teachesgirlstocareab