英语二真题.docx
《英语二真题.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《英语二真题.docx（20页珍藏版）》请在冰豆网上搜索。
英语二真题
2016年全国硕士研究生招生考试英语
（二）
SectionIUseofEnglish
Directions:
Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword（s）foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDontheANSWERSHEET.（10points）
Happypeopleworkdifferently.They’remoreproductive,morecreative,andwillingtotakegreaterrisks.Andnewresearchsuggeststhathappinessmightinfluence__1__firm’swork,too.
Companieslocatedinplaceswithhappierpeopleinvestmore,accordingtoarecent
researchpaper.2,firmsinhappyplacesspendmoreonR&D（researchanddevelopment）.
That’becausehappinessis
linkedto
thekind
oflonger-term
thinking
3formaking
investmentsforthefuture.
Theresearcherswantedtoknowif
the
4
andinclination
forrisk-takingthatcome
withhappinesswould
5theway
companiesinvested.SotheycomparedU.S.cities’
averagehappiness6byGalluppollingwith
theinvestmentactivityofpublicly
traded
firmsinthoseareas.
7enough,firms
’investmentandR&Dintensitywerecorrelatedwiththehappinessof
theareain
whichtheywere
8
.Butisitreallyhappinessthat
’linkedstoinvestment,or
couldsomethingelseabouthappiercities9
whyfirmstherespendmoreonR&D?
Tofind
out,theresearcherscontrolledforvarious10
thatmightmakefirmsmorelikelytoinvest–
likesize,industry,andsales–andforindicatorsthataplacewas
11tolivein,likegrowth
inwagesorpopulation.Thelink
betweenhappinessandinvestmentgenerally
12
even
afteraccountingforthesethings.
Thecorrelationbetweenhappinessandinvestmentwasparticularlystrongfor
younger
firms,whichtheauthors
13
to“lesscodifieddecisionmakingprocess
”andthepossible
presenceof
“youngerandless
14
managerswhoaremorelikelytobeinfluencedby
sentiment.
”Therelationshipwas15
strongerinplaceswherehappinesswasspreadmore
16.Firmsseemtoinvestmoreinplaceswheremostpeoplearerelativelyhappy,ratherthaninplaceswithhappinessinequality.
17thisdoesn’tprovethathappinesscausesfirmstoinvestmoreortotakea-longerterm
view,theauthorsbelieveitatleast
18
atthatpossibility.It
’snothardtoimaginethatlocal
cultureandsentimentwouldhelp
19
howexecutivesthink
aboutthefuture.“Itsurely
seemsplausiblethathappypeoplewouldbemoreforward-thinkingandcreativeand20
R&Dmorethantheaverage,aid”onesresearcher.
1.
[A]why
[B]how
[C]where
[D]when
2.
[A]Inconclusion
[B]Inreturn
[C]Inparticular
[D]Incontrast
3.
[A]necessary
[B]famous
[C]perfect
[D]sufficient
4.
[A]individualism
[B]realism
[C]optimism
[D]modernism
5.
[A]miss
[B]echo
[C]spoil
[D]change
英语
（二）试题.1.（共14页）
6.
[A]imagined
[B]measured
[C]assumed
[D]invented
7.
[A]Sure
[B]Odd
[C]Unfortunate
[D]Often
8.
[A]headquartered
[B]divided
[C]advertised
[D]overtaxed
9.
[A]summarize
[B]overstate
[C]explain
[D]emphasize
10.
[A]factors
[B]stages
[C]levels
[D]methods
11.
[A]desirable
[B]sociable
[C]reputable
[D]reliable
12.
[A]resumed
[B]emerged
[C]held
[D]broke
13.
[A]assign
[B]attribute
[C]transfer
[D]compare
14.
[A]serious
[B]civilized
[C]ambitious
[D]experienced
15.
[A]instead
[B]thus
[C]also
[D]never
16.
[A]rapidly
[B]directly
[C]regularly
[D]equally
17.
[A]While
[B]Until
[C]After
[D]Since
18.
[A]arrives
[B]jumps
[C]hints
[D]strikes
19.
[A]share
[B]rediscover
[C]simplify
[D]shape
20.
[A]prayfor
[B]leantowards[C]giveaway
[D]sendout
SectionIIReadingComprehension
PartA
Directions:
Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET.（40points）
Text1
It’struethathigh-schoolcodingclassesaren’tessentialforlearningcomputersciencein
college.Studentswithoutexperiencecancatchupafterafewintroductorycourses,saidTom
Cortina,theassistantdeanatCarnegieMellon’sSchoolofComputerScience.
However,Cortinasaid,earlyexposureisbeneficial.Whenyoungerkidslearncomputer
science,theylearnthatit’confusing,notjustaendlessstringoflettersandnumbers-buta
tooltobuildapps,orcreateartwork,ortesthypotheses.It’snotashardforthemto
theirthoughtprocessesasitisforolderstudents.Breakingdownproblemsintobite-sized
chunksandusingcodetosolvethembecomesnormal.Givingmorechildrenthistrainingcouldincreasethenumberofpeopleinterestedinthefieldandhelpfillthejobsgap,Cortinasaid.
Studentsalsobenefitfromlearningsomethingaboutcodingbeforetheygettocollege,whereintroductorycomputer-scienceclassesarepackedtothebrim,whichcandrivetheless-experiencedor-determinedstudentsaway.
TheFlatironSchool,wherepeoplepaytolearnprogramming,startedasoneofthemanycodingbootcampsthat’becomespopularforadultslookingforacareerchange.Thehigh-schoolersgetthesamecurriculum,but“wetrytogearlessonstowardthingsthey’re
interestedin,”saidVictoriaFriedman,aninstructor.Forinstance,oneoftheappsthestudentsaredevelopingsuggestsmoviesbasedonyourmood.
ThestudentsintheFlatironclassprobablywon’tdropoutofhighschoolandbuildthenextFacebook.Programminglanguageshaveaquickturnover,sothe“RubyonRails”languagetheylearnedmaynotevenberelevantbythetimetheyenterthejobmarket.Butthe
英语
（二）试题.2.（共14页）
skillstheylearn-howtothinklogicallythroughaproblemandorganizetheresults-applytoanycodinglanguage,saidDeborahSeehorn,aneducationconsultantforthestateofNorthCarolina.
Indeed,theFlatironstudentsmightnotgointoITatall.Butcreatingafuturearmyofcodersisnotthesolepurposeoftheclasses.Thesekidsaregoingtobesurroundedbycomputers-intheirpockets,intheiroffices,intheirhomes-fortherestoftheirlives.Theyoungertheylearnhowcomputersthink,howtocoaxthemachineintoproducingwhattheywant-theearliertheylearnthattheyhavethepowertodothat-thebetter.
21.Cortinaholdsthatearlyexposuretocomputersciencemakesiteasierto____.
[A]completefuturejobtraining
[B]remodelthewayofthinking
[C]formulatelogicalhypotheses
[D]perfectartworkproduction
22.Indeliveringlessonsforhigh-schoolers,Flatironhasconsideredtheir____.
[A]experience
[B]interest
[C]careerprospects
[D]academicbackgrounds
23.DeborahSeehornbelievesthattheskillslearnedatFlatironwill____.
[A]helpstudentslearnothercomputerlanguages
[B]havetobeupgradedwhennewtechnologiescome
[C]needimprovingwhenstudentslookforjobs
[D]enablestudentstomakebigquickmoney
24.Accordingtothelastparagraph,Flatironstudentsareexpectedto____.
[A]bringforthinnovativecomputertechnologies
[B]staylongerintheinformationtechnologyindustry
[C]becomebetterpreparedforthedigitalizedworld
[D]competewithafuturearmyofprogrammers
25.Theword“coax”（Line4,Para.6）isclosestinmeaningto____.
[A]persuade
[B]frighten
[C]misguide
[D]challenge
Text2
Biologistsestimatethatasmanyas2millionlesserprairiechickens---akindofbirdlivingonstretchinggrasslands—oncelentredtotheoftengraylandscapeofthemidwesternandsouthwesternUnitedStates.Butjustsome22,000birdsremaintoday,occupyingabout16%ofthespecies’historicrange.
英语
（二）试题.3.（共14页）
ThecrashwasamajorreasontheU.SFishandWildlife
Service（USFWS）decidedto
formallylistthebirdasthreatened.“Thelesserprairiechickenisinadesperatesituation,
”
saidUSFWSDirectorDanielAshe.Someenvironmentalists,however,weredisappointed.
Theyhadpushedtheagencytodesignatethebirdas
“endangered,”astatusthatgivesf
officialsgreaterregulatorypowertocrackdownonthreats.ButAsheandothersarguedthat
the“threatenedtag”gavethefederalgovernmentflexibility
totryout
new,potentiallyless
confrontational
conservationsapproaches.Inparticular,
theycalled
forforgingcloser
collaborationswithwesternstategovernments,whichareoftenuneasywithfederalactionand
withtheprivatelandownerswhocontrolanestimated95%oftheprairiechicken
’sha
Undertheplan,forexample,theagencysaiditwould
notprosecutelandowneror
businessesthatunintentionallykill,harm,ordisturbthebird,
aslongastheyhadsigneda
range—widemanagementplantorestoreprairiechickenhabitat.NegotiatedbyUSFWSand
thestates,theplanrequiresindividualsandbusinessesthatdamagehabitataspartoftheir
operationstopayintoafundtoreplaceeveryacredestroyedwith2newacresofsuitable
habitat.Thefundwillalsobeusedtocompensatelandownerswhosetasidehabitat,USFWS
alsosetaninterimgoalof
restoringprairiechickenpopulationstoanannualaverageof
67,000birdsoverthenext10years.AnditgivestheWesternAssociationofFishandWildlife
Agencies（WAFWA）,acoalitionofstateagencies,thejobofmonitoringprogress.Overall,the
ideaistolet
“states
”remaininthedriver
’sseatfor，managing”Ashethesaidspecies.
Noteveryonebuysthewin-winrhetoricSomeCongressmembersaretryingtoblockthe
plan,andatleastadozenindustrygroups,fourstates,andthreeenvironmentalgroupsare
challengingit
infederalcourtNotsurprisingly,doesn’gotfarenough“Thefederal
governmentis
givingresponsibilityformanagingthebirdtothesameindustriesthatare
pushingittoextinction,
”saysbiologistJayLininger.
升级会员 